（《食疗》）
【释名】黄 鱼（古名）
时珍曰∶颡、颊以形， 以味， 以声也。今人析
讹矣。
【集解】时珍曰∶黄颡，无鳞鱼也。身尾俱似小 ，腹下黄，背上青黄，腮下有二横骨，
两须，有胃。群游作声如轧轧。性最难死。陆玑云∶鱼身燕头，颊骨正黄。鱼之有力能飞跃
者。陆佃云∶其胆春夏近下，秋冬近上。亦一异也。
【气味】甘，平，微毒。
诜曰∶无鳞之鱼不益人，发疮疥。
时珍曰∶反荆芥，害人。
【主治】肉，至能醒酒（弘景）。祛风（吴
煮食，消水肿，利小便。烧灰，治瘰 久溃不收敛，及诸恶疮（时珍）。
【附方】新三。
水气浮肿∶用黄颡三尾，绿豆一合，大蒜三瓣，水煮烂，去鱼食豆，以汁调商陆末一钱
服。其水化为清气而消。诗云∶一头黄颡八须鱼，绿豆同煎一合余。白煮作羹
水肿自消除。（《集要》）
瘰 溃坏∶用黄 鱼破
半日，取出洗净，黄泥固济， 存性研，香油调敷。
疮浸淫∶方同上。（并《普济》）
涎（翅下取之）
【主治】消渴（吴瑞）。
【附方】新一。
生津丸∶治消渴饮水无度。以黄颡鱼涎和青蛤粉、滑石末等分，丸梧子大。每陈粟米汤
下三十丸。
颊骨
【主治】喉痹肿痛，烧研，茶服三钱（时珍。并出《普济》）。
（出自《食疗本草》）
【释名】黄颡鱼（古代名称）
李时珍说：它的名字“颡”和“颊”是根据形状命名的，“黄”是根据味道命名的，“颡”也是根据声音命名的。现在的人将其解析为错误的说法了。
【集解】李时珍说：黄颡鱼是一种无鳞的鱼。身体和尾巴都像小鲶鱼，腹部下面呈黄色，背部呈青黄色，腮下有两根横向的骨头，长有两根胡须，有胃。它们成群游动时会发出像轧轧一样的声音。这种鱼的生命力极强，最难死亡。陆玑说：这种鱼身体像燕子头，脸颊骨骼正黄色。是鱼类中有力气能跳跃飞跃的。陆佃说：它的胆囊在春夏季节位置偏下，在秋冬季节位置偏上。这也是一个奇异之处。
【气味】味甘，性平，微有毒。
苏颂说：无鳞的鱼对人没有益处，会诱发疮疥。
李时珍说：与荆芥相反，对人有害。
【主治】鱼肉，最能醒酒（陶弘景）。祛风（吴瑞）。煮食可以消除水肿，通利小便。烧成灰，治疗瘰疬（颈部淋巴结结核）久溃不收敛，以及各种恶疮（李时珍）。
【附方】新增三方。
水气浮肿：用黄颡鱼三条，绿豆一合，大蒜三瓣，用水煮烂，去掉鱼只吃豆，用汁液调服商陆末一钱。体内的水分会化为清气而消除。诗云：一头黄颡八须鱼，绿豆同煎一合余。白煮作羹汤，水肿自消除。（出自《集要》）
瘰疬溃坏：用黄颡鱼剖开，放入半日，取出洗净，用黄泥密封固定，煅烧存性后研成粉末，用香油调和敷贴。
疮疡浸淫：方子同上。（均出自《普济方》）
【附方】新增一方。
生津丸：治疗消渴症饮水无度。用黄颡鱼的唾液与青蛤粉、滑石末按等分混合，制成梧桐子大小的药丸。每次用陈粟米汤送服三十丸。
(From *Shiliao Bencao*)
[Names] Huangsang Fish (Ancient name)
Li Shizhen stated: The terms "Sang" and "Jia" are named based on shape, "Huang" is named based on taste, and "Sang" is also named based on sound. Modern people have misinterpreted this etymology.
[Collection of Explanations] Li Shizhen stated: The Huangsang fish is a scaleless fish. Its body and tail resemble those of a small catfish; the belly is yellow, while the back is bluish-yellow. There are two transverse bones under the gills, and it has two barbels and a stomach. It swims in schools making a rustling sound like grinding. This fish is extremely difficult to kill. Lu Ji stated: The fish has an swallow-like head, and its cheekbones are distinctly yellow. It is among the fishes that possess strength to leap and fly. Lu Dian stated: Its gallbladder is located lower in spring and summer, and higher in autumn and winter. This is another peculiarity.
[Flavor and Properties] Sweet, neutral, slightly toxic.
Su Song stated: Scaleless fishes do not benefit humans and can trigger sores and scabies.
Li Shizhen stated: It is incompatible with Schizonepeta (Jingjie) and is harmful to humans.
[Indications] The meat is particularly effective at sobering up from alcohol (Tao Hongjing). It dispels wind (Wu Rui). When boiled and eaten, it reduces edema and promotes urination. Burned to ash, it treats scrofula (tuberculous lymphadenitis of the neck) that ulcerates and fails to heal for a long time, as well as various malignant sores (Li Shizhen).
[Attached Prescriptions] Three new prescriptions.
Edema due to Water Qi: Use three Huangsang fish, one he measured unit (he) of Mung Bean (Vigna radiata), and three cloves of garlic. Boil in water until soft. Remove the fish and consume only the beans. Mix the liquid with one qian of Phytolaccae Radix (Shanglu) powder and take orally. The accumulated water transforms into clear qi and dissipates. A poem states: One Huangsang fish with eight barbels, boiled together with mung beans in excess of one he. White-boiled into soup, edema naturally eliminates. (From *Jiyao*)
Ulcerated Scrofula: Split the Huangsang fish, leave it for half a day, remove it, wash clean, seal firmly with yellow mud, calcine to retain its nature, grind into powder, mix with sesame oil, and apply externally.
Spreading Sores: Same prescription as above. (Both from *Puji Fang*)
Fish Saliva (obtained from under the pectoral fins)
[Indications] Xiao Ke (Wasting-thirst syndrome) (Wu Rui).
[Attached Prescriptions] One new prescription.
Shengjin Pill: Treats wasting-thirst syndrome characterized by excessive drinking. Mix saliva of the Huangsang fish with equal parts of Green Clam Powder (Qingge Fen) and Talcum Powder (Huashi Mo). Form pills the size of a wutong seed. Take thirty pills each time with decoction of aged foxtail millet (Chensumi).
Cheekbone
[Indications] Sore throat with swelling and pain (Hou Bi). Calcine, grind into powder, and take three qian with tea (Li Shizhen. Both from *Puji Fang*).