（音石。《纲目》）
【释名】硕鼠（与 同。出《周易》）、 鼠（音酌。出《广雅》）、雀鼠（出《埤雅》）、
鼠（音俊。出《唐韵》）。
时珍曰∶硕，大也，似鼠而大也。关西方音转 为 ，讹 为雀。蜀人谓之 鼠，取其
毛作笔。俊亦大也。
【集解】时珍曰∶ 鼠处处有之，居土穴、树孔中。
形大于鼠，头似兔，尾有毛，青黄色。善鸣，能人立，交前两足而舞。好食粟、豆，与鼢鼠
俱为田害。鼢小居田，而 大居山也。范成大云∶宾州 鼠专食山豆根，土人
取其腹干之入药，名 鼠肚。陆玑谓此亦有五技，与蝼蛄同名者，误矣。
肚
【气味】甘，寒，无毒。
【主治】咽喉痹痛，一切热气，研末含咽，神效（时珍。出《虞衡
（留、柳二音。《纲目》）
【释名】竹 。时珍曰∶ 状其肥，
【集解】时珍曰∶竹 ，食竹根之鼠也。出南方，居土穴中。大如兔，人多食之，味如
鸭肉。《燕山录》云∶煮羊以
肉
【气味】甘，平，无毒。
【主治】补中益气，解毒（时珍）。
（《拾遗》）
【释名】 （音驼拨）、答刺不花（出《正要》）。
时珍曰∶按《唐书》有 鼠，即此也。 ，言其肥也。《唐韵》作 ，音仆朴，
俗讹为土拨耳。蒙古人名答刺不花。
【集解】藏器曰∶土拨鼠，生西番山泽间，穴土为窠。形如獭。夷人掘取食之。《魏略》
云∶“大秦国出辟毒鼠”，近似此也。
肉
【气味】甘，平，无毒。
时珍曰∶按《饮膳正要》云∶虽肥而煮之无油，味短，多食难克化，微动风。
【主治】野鸡 疮，煮食肥美宜人（藏器）。
头骨
【主治】小儿夜卧不宁，悬之枕边，即安（时珍）。
（音石。出自《本草纲目》）
【释名】硕鼠（与“硕”同义，出自《周易》）、 鼠（音酌，出自《广雅》）、雀鼠（出自《埤雅》）、 鼠（音俊，出自《唐韵》）。
李时珍说：硕，意为大，这种动物像老鼠但体型较大。关西地区方言将“ ”读音转为“ ”，又讹传为“雀”。蜀地人称之为 鼠，取其毛制作毛笔。俊，也是大的意思。
【集解】李时珍说： 鼠各地都有，居住在土穴、树洞中。
体型比一般老鼠大，头部像兔子，尾巴有毛，呈青黄色。善于鸣叫，能直立行走，交配时前肢相舞。喜好食用粟米、豆类，与鼢鼠（一种害鼠）都是农田的害兽。鼢鼠体型小且居住于田间，而 鼠体型大且居住于山中。范成大说：宾州的 鼠专门食用山豆根，当地人取其腹部晒干入药，称为 鼠肚。陆玑说此鼠也有五种技能，与蝼蛄同名，这是错误的。
【气味】甘味，寒性，无毒。
【主治】咽喉痹痛，各种热气症状，研成粉末含咽，效果神奇（李时珍。出自《虞衡志》）。
（留、柳二音。出自《本草纲目》）
【释名】竹 。李时珍说： 形容其肥壮。
【集解】李时珍说：竹 ，是吃竹根的鼠类。产于南方，居住在土穴中。体型如兔，人们多食用它，味道像鸭肉。《燕山录》说：煮羊肉时加入 肉。
【气味】甘味，平性，无毒。
（出自《本草拾遗》）
【释名】 （音驼拨）、答刺不花（出自《饮膳正要》）。
李时珍说：查考《唐书》中有 鼠，就是这种动物。 ，指其肥壮。《唐韵》写作 ，音仆朴，俗误称为土拨。蒙古人称为答刺不花。
【集解】陈藏器说：土拨鼠，生长在西番的山泽之间，挖土为巢。形状像水獭。夷人挖掘出来食用。《魏略》说：“大秦国出产辟毒鼠”，近似于此种动物。
【气味】甘味，平性，无毒。
李时珍说：查考《饮膳正要》说：虽然肥壮但煮熟后无油，味道短促，多吃难以消化，轻微动风。
头骨
【主治】小儿夜间睡眠不安稳，悬挂在枕边，即可安宁（李时珍）。
(Shi, sound [stone]. From *Bencao Gangmu*.)
**[Names]** Shuo Shu (Great Rat; synonymous with "Shuo", from *Zhouyi* / *Book of Changes*), Zhuo Shu (sound [zhuo], from *Guaya*), Que Shu (Sparrow Rat, from *Piya*), Jun Shu (sound [jun], from *Tangyun*).
Li Shizhen states: "Shuo" means large; it resembles a rat but is larger. In the Guanzhong region, the dialect shifts the pronunciation to " ", which is then erroneously called "Que" (Sparrow). People in Shu call it " " Shu, using its fur to make brushes. "Jun" also means large.
**[Collected Explanations]** Li Shizhen states: " " Rats are found everywhere, dwelling in earth burrows and tree hollows.
Their body size is larger than that of common rats, their heads resemble those of rabbits, their tails have hair, and they are greenish-yellow. They are good at vocalizing and can stand upright on their hind legs, dancing with their front paws during mating. They favor eating millet and beans, causing damage to fields alongside *Fen Shu* (Mole-rat). *Fen Shu* is small and lives in fields, whereas " " Rats are large and live in mountains. Fan Chengda states: In Binzhou, " " Rats specifically eat *Sophora tonkinensis* roots (Shan Dou Gen). Locals take their abdomens, dry them, and use them as medicine, named " " Rat Belly. Lu Ji claimed this rat possesses five skills and shares the same name as the mole cricket, which is erroneous.
**[Nature and Flavor]** Sweet, Cold, Non-toxic.
**[Indications]** Pharyngeal obstruction and pain, all types of heat qi. Grind into powder and hold in mouth to swallow; miraculous effect (Li Shizhen. From *Yuheng Zhi*).
(Liu, Liu two pronunciations. From *Bencao Gangmu*.)
**[Names]** Bamboo . Li Shizhen states: describes its fatness.
**[Collected Explanations]** Li Shizhen states: Bamboo is a rat that eats bamboo roots. It originates from the South, dwelling in earth burrows. It is as large as a rabbit, and many people eat it; its taste resembles duck meat. *Yanshan Lu* states: When boiling mutton, add meat.
**[Nature and Flavor]** Sweet, Neutral, Non-toxic.
**[Indications]** Tonify the Middle Jiao and augment Qi, detoxify (Li Shizhen).
(From *Bencao Shiyi*)
**[Names]** Tuo Bo (sound [tuo bo]), Da La Bu Hua (from *Yinshan Zhengyao*).
Li Shizhen states: According to *Tang Shu*, there is a " " Rat, which is this animal. " " refers to its fatness. *Tangyun* writes it as , pronounced Pu Po, colloquially corrupted to Tu Bo (Earth Digging). The Mongol people call it Da La Bu Hua.
**[Collected Explanations]** Chen Cangqi states: Tu Bo Shu (Groundhog) grows among the mountains and marshes of Xifan, digging earth for nests. Its shape resembles an otter. Barbarians dig them up and eat them. *Wei Lue* states: "The Great Qin country produces Bi Du Shu (Poison-averting Rat)," which is similar to this.
**[Nature and Flavor]** Sweet, Neutral, Non-toxic.
Li Shizhen states: According to *Yinshan Zhengyao*: Although fat, when boiled it yields no oil, the flavor is brief, excessive consumption makes it hard to digest, and it slightly stirs wind.
**[Indications]** Wild Chicken Chancre (Ye Ji Chuang). Boil and eat; it is fat, beautiful, and pleasant (Chen Cangqi).
**Skull Bone**
**[Indications]** Infant restlessness during night sleep. Hang it by the pillow, and peace will ensue (Li Shizhen).