味苦，微寒，无毒。主治血积，惊气，除寒热，补中，益肺气。治胃痹，心腹痛，结热
邪气，头痛，皮间邪热，安五脏，补中。久服利人。一名知母，一名苦心，一名志取，一名
虎须，一名白参，一名识美，一名文希。生河内川谷及宛朐般阳续山。二月、八月采根，曝
干。（恶防己，反藜芦。）
今出近道，丛生，叶似枸杞，根白实者佳。此沙参并人参、玄参、丹参、苦参是为五参，
其形不尽相类，而主治颇同，故皆有参名。又有紫参，正名牡蒙，在中品。（《大观》卷七，
《政和》一八九页）
味苦，寒，无毒。主治心腹结气，症瘕，积聚，黄胆，溺有余沥，逐水，除痈肿，补中，
明目，止泪。养肝胆气，安五脏，定志，益精，利九窍，除伏热，肠 ，止渴，醒酒，小便
黄赤，治恶疮，下部 疮，平胃气，令人嗜食轻身。一名水槐，一名苦 ，一名地槐，一名
菟槐，一名骄槐，一名白茎，一名虎麻，一名岑茎，一名禄白，一名陵郎。生汝南山谷及田
野。三月、八月、十月采根，曝干。（玄参为之使，恶贝母、漏芦、菟丝，反藜芦。）
今出近道，处处有。叶极似槐树，故有槐名。花黄，子作荚。根味至苦恶。病患酒渍饮
之
味苦、辛，微温，无毒。主治伤寒，补不足，金疮，痈伤，折跌，续筋骨，妇人乳难，
崩中漏血，金疮血内漏，止痛，生肌肉，及 伤，恶血，腰痛，关节缓急。久服益气力。一
名龙豆，一名属折，一名接骨，一名南草，一名槐。生常山山谷。七月、八月采，阴干。（地
黄为之使，恶雷丸。）
案《桐君药录》云∶续断生蔓延，叶细，茎如荏，大根本，黄白有汁，七月、八月采根，
今
高丈余许，叶似蒴 ，皮主治金疮，有此接骨名，疑或者。而广州又有一藤名续断，一名诺
藤，断其茎，器承其汁饮之，治虚损绝伤，用沐头，又长发。折枝插地即生，恐此又相类。
李云是虎蓟，与此大乖，而虎蓟亦自治血尔。（《大观》卷七，《政和》一八一页）
味苦，微寒，无毒。主治血积，惊气，除寒热，补中，益肺气。治胃痹，心腹痛，结热邪气，头痛，皮间邪热，安五脏，补中。久服利人。一名知母，一名苦心，一名志取，一名虎须，一名白参，一名识美，一名文希。生河内川谷及宛朐般阳续山。二月、八月采根，曝干。（恶防己，反藜芦。）
今出近道，丛生，叶似枸杞，根白实者佳。此沙参并人参、玄参、丹参、苦参是为五参，其形不尽相类，而主治颇同，故皆有参名。又有紫参，正名牡蒙，在中品。（《大观》卷七，《政和》一八九页）
味苦，寒，无毒。主治心腹结气，症瘕，积聚，黄胆，溺有余沥，逐水，除痈肿，补中，明目，止泪。养肝胆气，安五脏，定志，益精，利九窍，除伏热，肠 ，止渴，醒酒，小便黄赤，治恶疮，下部 疮，平胃气，令人嗜食轻身。一名水槐，一名苦 ，一名地槐，一名菟槐，一名骄槐，一名白茎，一名虎麻，一名岑茎，一名禄白，一名陵郎。生汝南山谷及田野。三月、八月、十月采根，曝干。（玄参为之使，恶贝母、漏芦、菟丝，反藜芦。）
今出近道，处处有。叶极似槐树，故有槐名。花黄，子作荚。根味至苦恶。病患酒渍饮之
味苦、辛，微温，无毒。主治伤寒，补不足，金疮，痈伤，折跌，续筋骨，妇人乳难，崩中漏血，金疮血内漏，止痛，生肌肉，及 伤，恶血，腰痛，关节缓急。久服益气力。一名龙豆，一名属折，一名接骨，一名南草，一名槐。生常山山谷。七月、八月采，阴干。（地黄为之使，恶雷丸。）
案《桐君药录》云∶续断生蔓延，叶细，茎如荏，大根本，黄白有汁，七月、八月采根，今高丈余许，叶似蒴 ，皮主治金疮，有此接骨名，疑或者。而广州又有一藤名续断，一名诺藤，断其茎，器承其汁饮之，治虚损绝伤，用沐头，又长发。折枝插地即生，恐此又相类。李云是虎蓟，与此大乖，而虎蓟亦自治血尔。（《大观》卷七，《政和》一八一页）
Bitter, slightly cold, non-toxic. It treats blood accumulation (blood stasis), fright qi, eliminates alternating chills and fever, tonifies the middle jiao, and benefits lung qi. It treats stomach bi syndrome (obstruction in the stomach), heart and abdominal pain, accumulated heat pathogenic factors, headache, pathogenic heat between the skin, calms the five zang organs, and tonifies the middle. Long-term use benefits the person. Also known as Zhi Mu, Ku Xin, Zhi Qu, Hu Xu, Bai Shen, Shi Mei, Wen Xi. Grows in river valleys of Henei and at Xushan in Banyang, Wanqu. Roots are harvested in February and August and dried in the sun. (It is incompatible with Fangji and opposes Lulu.)
Currently, it is produced in nearby regions, growing in clusters, with leaves resembling those of Goji berry (Lycium chinense). White and solid roots are considered superior. This Shashen, along with Renshen, Xuanshen, Danshen, and Kushen, constitutes the "Five Shens." Their shapes are not entirely similar, but their therapeutic indications are quite alike; hence, they all bear the name "Shen." There is also Zishen, whose correct name is Mumeng, listed in the Middle Grade. (Da Guan Vol. 7, Zhenghe p. 189)
Bitter, cold, non-toxic. It treats knotting qi in the heart and abdomen, zheng zha masses (fixed masses), ji ju accumulations (accumulated masses), jaundice, dribbling urine after voiding, expels water retention, eliminates carbuncles and swelling, tonifies the middle, brightens the eyes, stops tearing. Nourishes liver and gallbladder qi, calms the five zang organs, stabilizes the mind, benefits essence, opens the nine orifices, eliminates latent heat, [treats intestinal conditions], stops thirst, awakens from alcohol intoxication, treats yellow and red urine, treats malignant sores, sores in the lower part, harmonizes stomach qi, promotes appetite, lightens the body. Also known as Shui Huai, Ku [Huai], Di Huai, Tu Huai, Jiao Huai, Bai Jing, Hu Ma, Cen Jing, Lu Bai, Ling Lang. Grows in valleys and fields south of Ru River. Roots are harvested in March, August, and October and dried in the sun. (Xuanshen serves as its guide drug; it is incompatible with Beimu, Loulu, Tusizi, and opposes Lulu.)
Currently, it is found everywhere in nearby regions. The leaves closely resemble those of the Sophora tree (Huai shu), hence the name "Huai." Flowers are yellow, seeds form pods. The root tastes extremely bitter and unpleasant. Patients soak it in wine and drink it.
Bitter, pungent, slightly warm, non-toxic. It treats sha han (cold damage), tonifies deficiencies, treats metal wounds, carbuncle injuries, fractures and dislocations, reconnects bones and tendons, treats difficult labor in women, metrorrhagia and metrorrhagia with leukorrhea, internal bleeding from metal wounds, stops pain, generates flesh, treats [injuries], evil blood, lower back pain, joint stiffness and spasms. Long-term use boosts qi and strength. Also known as Long Dou, Shu Zhe, Jie Gu, Nan Cao, Huai. Grows in valleys of Changshan. Harvested in July and August and dried in shade. (Dihuang serves as its guide drug; it is incompatible with Leiwan.)
According to the Tongjun Yaolu: Xuduan grows creeping, with fine leaves, stems like Perilla, large roots, yellowish-white with juice, roots harvested in July and August. Currently, it grows over a zhang high, leaves resemble Fusu, bark treats metal wounds. Given this bone-connecting name, one suspects ambiguity. Furthermore, in Guangzhou, there is another vine named Xuduan, also called Nuoteng. When its stem is broken, the juice is caught in a vessel and drunk to treat deficiency damage and severed injuries; used for washing the head, it also promotes hair growth. Broken branches inserted into the ground take root immediately; this might be similar. Li Yun states it is Hujì, which differs greatly from this, yet Hujì also treats blood disorders on its own. (Da Guan Vol. 7, Zhenghe p. 181)