味甘，大温，无毒。主补中，益血，治沈唇。五月五日取头骨烧之，止痢。
鳝是荇芩根化作之，又云是人发所化，今其腹中自有子，不必尽是变化也。性热，作
食之亦补。而时行病起，食之多复，又喜令人霍乱。凡此水族鱼 之类甚多，其有名者，已
注在前条，虽皆可食，而甚损人，故不入药用。又有食之反能致病者，今条注如后说∶凡鱼
头有白色如连珠至脊上者，腹中无胆者，头中无鳃者，并杀人。鱼汁不可合鸬 肉食之。鲫
鱼不可合猴、雉肉食之。鳅鳝不可合白犬血食之。鲤鱼子不可合猪肝食之，鲫鱼亦尔。青鱼
不可合生胡荽及生葵并麦酱食之。 无须及腹下通黑，及煮之反白，皆不可食。生 不
可合鸡肉食之，亦损人。又有 亦益人，尾有毒，治齿痛。又有 鱼，至能醒酒。
鱼有毒，不可食。（《大观》卷二十，《政和》四一八页）
味咸、苦，寒、微寒，无毒。主明目，益气，起阴，去恶血注下，辟蛊毒恶鬼不祥，安
心气，常不魇寐。治伤寒，时气寒热，热在肌肤，温风注毒伏在骨间，除郁，惊梦，狂越，
僻谬，及食噎不通。久服强筋骨，轻身，起阴，益气，利丈夫。生石城山川谷及华阴山，采
无时。
今出建平宜都诸蛮中及西域，多两角者，一角者为胜。角甚多节，蹙蹙圆绕。别有山羊
角极长，唯一边有节，节亦疏大，不入方用。而《尔雅》云名 羊，而羌夷云只此即名羚羊，
甚
政和》三八二页）
味甘，大温，无毒。主要功效是补益中气，滋养血液，治疗唇部干裂（沈唇）。在五月五日取鳝鱼头骨烧制成炭，可治疗痢疾。
鳝鱼被认为是荇菜根变化而成的，又有人说它是人头发变化而成的，但现在发现其腹中自有卵，并不全是变化而来的。鳝鱼性热，作为食物食用也有补益作用。但在时行病（流行性疾病）兴起时，食用鳝鱼容易导致疾病复发，且容易使人患霍乱。凡此类水族鱼类有很多，其中著名的，已在前面条目中注释过，虽然都可以食用，但非常损害人体健康，因此不列入药用范围。又有食用后反而能致病的种类，现在按条目注释如下：凡是鱼头有白色如连珠状延伸至脊背的，腹中没有胆的，头部没有鳃的，都含有剧毒，食之杀人。鱼汁不可与鸬鹚肉同食。鲫鱼不可与猴肉、雉鸡肉同食。泥鳅和鳝鱼不可与白狗血同食。鲤鱼子不可与猪肝同食，鲫鱼也是如此。青鱼不可与生胡荽（香菜）、生葵菜以及麦酱同食。没有胡须及腹部通体发黑，以及煮熟后颜色反而变白的鱼，都不可食用。生鱼不可与鸡肉同食，也损害人体。又有某种鱼也益人，但其尾部有毒，可用于治疗牙痛。又有某种鱼，甚至能解酒。还有一种鱼有毒，不可食用。（《大观本草》卷二十，《政和本草》四一八页）
味咸、苦，性寒、微寒，无毒。主要功效是明目，益气，起阴（提升阳气），去除恶血下注，辟除蛊毒、恶鬼及不祥之气，安定心气，使人睡眠安稳不做噩梦。治疗伤寒，时行病的寒热症状，热邪在肌肤，温风毒邪潜伏在骨间，消除郁结，惊梦，狂躁越礼，行为乖谬，以及饮食噎塞不通。长期服用可强健筋骨，轻身，起阴，益气，对男子有益。产于石城山川谷及华阴山，采集没有固定时间。
现在出产于建平、宜都等地的蛮族地区及西域，多为双角的，单角的更为优良。角节非常多，紧密地圆形环绕。另有山羊角极长，只有一边有节，节也稀疏粗大，不进入方剂使用。而《尔雅》称其为某羊，而羌夷称这就叫羚羊，甚为珍贵。（《政和本草》三八二页）
Sweet in taste, greatly warm in nature, non-toxic. Primarily tonifies the Middle Jiao (Middle Burner), nourishes blood, and treats deep fissures of the lips (Shen Chun). On the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, take the skull of the eel, burn it to charcoal, and use it to stop dysentery.
Eels are believed to be transformed from the roots of Nymphoides peltata (Xing Qin), or alternatively said to be transformed from human hair; however, it is now observed that they naturally carry eggs within their bellies, so not all are products of transformation. Their nature is hot; consuming them as food also provides tonic benefits. However, during outbreaks of epidemic febrile diseases (Shi Xing Bing), consumption often leads to relapse and tends to induce cholera-like syndrome (Huo Luan). There are many such aquatic fish species; those well-known have been annotated in previous entries. Although all may be edible, they are highly damaging to the human body and thus are not included in medicinal materials. Furthermore, there are species whose consumption can actually cause disease; these are annotated below: Fish with white spots like connected pearls extending to the spine, those lacking a gallbladder in the abdomen, and those lacking gills in the head are all poisonous and fatal if eaten. Fish juice must not be consumed together with cormorant meat. Crucian carp (Ji Yu) must not be consumed together with monkey or pheasant meat. Loaches and eels must not be consumed together with the blood of white dogs. Carp roe must not be consumed together with pig liver, nor should crucian carp be consumed with such combinations. Black carp (Qing Yu) must not be consumed together with raw Coriandrum sativum (Hu Sui), raw Abelmoschus manihot leaves (Kai), or wheat sauce. Fish without barbels, those with blackness throughout the belly, and those that turn white upon boiling are all inedible. Raw fish must not be consumed with chicken meat, as it damages the body. There is another type of fish that is beneficial to humans, but its tail is toxic and can treat toothache. There is also a type of fish capable of sobering one up from alcohol intoxication. Another type of fish is toxic and must not be eaten. (Da Guan Ben Cao, Vol. 20; Zheng He Ben Cao, p. 418)
Salty and bitter in taste, cold and slightly cold in nature, non-toxic. Primarily brightens the eyes, supplements Qi, raises Yin, expels stagnant evil blood flowing downward, wards off gu poison, malevolent spirits, and inauspicious influences, calms the Heart Qi, and prevents nightmares. It treats Shang Han (Cold Damage), epidemic febrile diseases with alternating chills and fever, heat in the skin and muscles, toxic warm winds lurking between the bones, removes depression/stagnation, treats frightful dreams, manic behavior, aberrant conduct, and food impaction/dysphagia. Long-term consumption strengthens sinews and bones, lightens the body, raises Yin, supplements Qi, and benefits men. It grows in the valleys and rivers of Shicheng and Huayin Mountain, and can be harvested at any time.
Currently, it is produced among the Man tribes in Jianping and Yidu, as well as in the Western Regions. Those with two horns are common, while those with a single horn are superior. The horns have many nodes, tightly and circularly arranged. There is separately the horn of the domestic goat (Shan Yang Jiao), which is extremely long, has nodes on only one side, and the nodes are sparse and large; it is not used in prescriptions. The Er Ya states its name is [a specific type of] sheep, while the Qiang and Yi people call this simply "Antelope Horn" (Ling Yang Jiao), which is very precious. (Zheng He Ben Cao, p. 382)