\r款冬蕊\pj101.bmp\r
味辛、甘，气温。阳也。无毒。生常山（县名，属浙江。）山谷，及上党（注前）水傍
。叶大成丛似葵，花出根下如菊。百草中惟此罔顾冰雪，最先春者也。原呼钻冻，今名款冬
。择未舒嫩蕊采收，去向外裹花零壳。甘草汤浸一宿，待干揉碎才煎。恶硝石、皂荚、玄参
，畏麻黄、辛夷、贝母，仍畏四味芩连耆葙。（黄芩、黄连、黄耆、青葙。）使杏仁，宜紫菀
。治肺痈脓血腥臭，止肺咳痰唾稠粘。润肺泻火邪，下气定喘促。却心虚惊悸，去邪热惊痫
。补劣除烦，洗肝明目。又驱久嗽，烧烟吸之。
\r紫菀\pj102.bmp\r
味苦、辛，气温。无毒。近道多生，真定（郡名，属北真隶。）独胜。根甚柔细，春初
采收。水洗净去头，蜜浸宿焙用。忌雷丸、远志，恶瞿麦、天雄。畏茵陈蒿，使款冬蕊。主
咳逆痰喘，肺痰吐脓；治小儿惊痫，寒热结气。虚劳不足能补，蛊毒痿 堪驱。仍佐百部款
冬，研末姜梅汤下。共治久嗽，立建神功。（款冬蕊各一两，百部五钱为末，每服三钱。生
姜乌梅汤送下，食后及临卧时各一服。女菀气味同，汉中（郡名，属陕西。）川谷产。
一名
白菀，惟畏卤咸。紫菀缺时，用此可代。亦主惊痫寒热气喘，又止霍乱泻痢肠鸣。除肺伤咳
勤，去膀胱支满。
款冬蕊
味辛、甘，气温。属阳。无毒。生长在常山（县名，隶属于浙江）的山谷中，以及上党（注：前文已提及）的水边。叶子大而茂密丛生，形状像葵菜；花朵从根部生出，形态像菊花。在百草之中，只有它不顾及冰雪，是最先迎来春天的植物。原本称为“钻冻”，现在称为“款冬”。选取尚未舒展的嫩花蕾采收，去掉向外包裹的花瓣零碎外壳。用甘草汤浸泡一夜，待干燥后揉碎才能煎煮。忌与硝石、皂荚、玄参同用，畏惧麻黄、辛夷、贝母，同时也畏惧黄芩、黄连、黄芪、青葙这四味药。（黄芩、黄连、黄芪、青葙。）以杏仁为引经药，适宜与紫菀配伍。治疗肺痈化脓、血液腥臭，停止肺咳、痰唾稠粘。滋润肺部，泻除火邪，降气平定气喘。消除心虚导致的惊悸，去除邪热引起的惊痫。补益虚弱，消除烦闷，清洗肝脏以明目。又能驱除久咳，将其烧烟吸入即可。
紫菀
味苦、辛，气温。无毒。近处道路多有生长，真定（郡名，隶属于北直隶）所产的最为优良。根非常柔细，春初采收。用水洗净去掉头部，用蜂蜜浸泡过夜后焙干使用。忌与雷丸、远志同用，恶畏瞿麦、天雄。畏惧茵陈蒿，以款冬蕊为引经药。主治咳嗽气逆、痰喘，肺中痰浊吐脓；治疗小儿惊痫，寒热结气。虚劳不足能够补益，蛊毒痿痹可以驱除。通常配合百部、款冬，研成粉末，用姜梅汤送服。共同治疗久咳，立刻建立神奇功效。（款冬蕊各一两，百部五钱，研成粉末，每次服用三钱。用生姜乌梅汤送下，饭后及临睡前各服一次。女菀气味相同，产于汉中（郡名，隶属于陕西）的山川。又名白菀，只畏惧卤咸之物。紫菀缺乏时，可用此药代替。也主治惊痫、寒热、气喘，又能止住霍乱、泻痢、肠鸣。清除肺部损伤引起的频繁咳嗽，去除膀胱胀满。）
**Kuaodong Rui (Buds of Tussilago Farfara)**
Pungent, sweet; warm in nature. Yang category. Non-toxic. Grows in the valleys of Changshan (a county name, belonging to Zhejiang) and near the waters of Shangdang (mentioned previously). The leaves are large, dense, and clustered, resembling *Brassica pekinensis* (Napa cabbage); the flowers emerge from the roots, resembling *Chrysanthemum morifolium* (Chrysanthemum). Among all herbs, only this one disregards ice and snow, being the first to greet spring. Originally called "Zuandong" (Drilling through Ice), now known as "Kuandong". Select the tender buds before they unfold for collection, removing the outer scattered bracts. Soak in Licorice Decoction (*Gancao Tang*) overnight, dry, then crumble before decocting. Adverse with Niter (*Xiaoshi*), Sophora Flower (*Zaojia*), and Scrophularia Root (*Xuanshen*). Averse to Ephedra Stem (*Mahuang*), Magnolia Flower (*Xinyi*), and Fritillaria Bulb (*Beimu*), and also averse to Scutellaria Root (*Huangqin*), Coptis Rhizome (*Huanglian*), Astragalus Root (*Huangqi*), and Celosia Seed (*Qingxiang*). Guided by Almond Seed (*Xingren*), harmonizes well with Pulsatilla Root (*Ziwan*). Treats lung abscess with purulent, bloody, and foul-smelling sputum; stops pulmonary cough with thick, sticky phlegm. Moistens the lungs, drains fire pathogens, directs qi downward, and calms panting. Resolves palpitations due to heart deficiency, dispels convulsions and epilepsy caused by pathogenic heat. Tonifies deficiency, eliminates vexation, clears the liver, and brightens the eyes. Also expels chronic cough; smoke it and inhale.
**Ziwan (Pulsatilla Root)**
Bitter, pungent; warm in nature. Non-toxic. Commonly grown near inhabited areas, but those from Zhending (a commandery name, belonging to Northern Zhili) are superior. The roots are very soft and fine, harvested in early spring. Wash with water, remove the head, soak in honey overnight, then bake for use. Avoid Polyporus (*Leiwuan*) and Polygala Root (*Yuanzhi*). Adverse with Ditchweed Herb (*Qumai*) and Aconite Lateral Root (*Tianxiong*). Averse to Artemisia Capillaris (*Yinchenhao*). Guided by Kuaodong Rui. Primarily treats cough with rebellious qi and wheezing, pulmonary phlegm with pus expectoration; treats pediatric convulsions and epilepsy, cold-heat stagnation. Can tonify deficiency in consumptive diseases, and驱除 (expel) gu poison and flaccidity. Usually combined with Stemona Root (*Baibu*) and Kuaodong Rui, ground into powder, and taken with Ginger and Mume Soup. Jointly treat chronic cough, achieving miraculous results. (Kuaodong Rui 1 liang each, Stemona Root 5 qian, ground into powder; take 3 qian per dose. Send down with Ginger and Mume soup, once after meals and once before bed. Nuwan has similar properties, produced in the mountains and rivers of Hanzhong (a commandery name, belonging to Shaanxi). Also known as Baiwan, only averse to saline substances. When Ziwan is unavailable, this can be used as a substitute. Also primarily treats convulsions, epilepsy, cold-heat, and wheezing; stops cholera-like diarrhea, dysentery, and borborygmus. Clears frequent cough due to lung injury, removes fullness in the bladder.)