\r白芥\pj356.bmp\r
味辛，气温。无毒。原种来从西戎，白脆作茹甚美。冷气堪却，五脏能安。子生
比他
芥略粗，色白与粱米相类。善却疰气，最辟鬼邪。研醋敷射工，煎液消痰癖。久疟蒸成癖块
，须此敷除；皮里膜外痰涎，必用引达。 故三子养亲汤方中，加萝卜子消食，苏子定喘
，此却消痰。是皆切中老人病也。青芥极辣，似菘有毛。细叶者杀人，大叶者为美。
生食
发丹石发毒，煮食动膈气动风。合兔肉同餐，成恶疮尤验，亦堪主疗。尝载《本经》，利窍
明耳目；温中归鼻，除邪气止咳。子细青色，作酱甚香。扑损瘀血冷疼，生姜研贴。
麻痹风
毒肿痛，酽醋和敷。酒调未下咽，心脾痛竟止。又紫芥花芥石芥，种却多般；惟采取
作茹作
，不复分别。
\r莱菔根\pj357.bmp\r
味辛、甘，气温。属土，有金与水。无毒。南北郡州，处处俱种。一名萝卜，逢冬拔收。
根啖可生，叶啖须煮。制
白面豆腐二毒，忌何首乌地黄同餐。倘误犯之，须发易白。
渴。捣生汁，磨墨下咽；止
吐血，去血甚捷。《衍义》云∶
饮之证，盖味甘多辛少故尔。
子劫喘咳下气，功诚倒壁冲墙。水研服即吐风痰，醋研敷立消恶毒。芜菁匝地生
叶，
又名蔓青两呼。与莱菔全差，毋以真认假。多种河朔，可备饥年。昔诸葛亮出征驻营，
每令兵士栽种，谓有六利，
详载史书。至今三蜀江陵，呼为诸葛菜也。宜常啖食，易至健肥。益气通中
子主黄胆利水，又治霍乱
除膨。去目睛青盲，消症瘕积聚。九蒸九曝为粉，服之断壳长生。研细入面脂中，揭皱转润；
压油搀面膏内，黑 回明。
蜘蛛咬伤，捣末酒
除。但食之多，令人胀满。
白芥
味辛，气温。无毒。原产于西戎地区，白色脆嫩，作为蔬菜食用味道极佳。能驱除冷气，安定五脏。其种子比其他的芥菜籽略粗，颜色洁白，与高粱米相似。善于驱除注气（一种由外邪侵入引起的慢性消耗性疾病），最能辟除鬼邪之气。用醋研磨后外敷可治疗射工（古代指水毒或隐翅虫等引起的皮肤病），煎煮汁液可消除痰癖（痰饮停聚形成的痞块）。久疟疾蒸腾形成痞块，必须用此药外敷去除；皮里膜外的痰涎，必须用它来引导排出。所以在三子养亲汤方中，加入萝卜子以消食，苏子以定喘，白芥子以此消除痰饮。这些方法都切合老年人的病症。青芥极辣，外形像菘菜但有毛。细叶的有毒杀人，大叶的是上品。生吃会引发丹石发毒（服用矿物药后引发的热毒），煮熟吃会扰动膈气和风气。与兔肉同吃，容易诱发恶疮，效果显著，也可用于治疗。曾记载于《神农本草经》，能通利窍道，明目聪耳；温中暖胃，归鼻经，祛除邪气止咳。种子细小呈青色，制作酱料非常香。用于跌打损伤瘀血冷痛，用生姜研磨后贴敷。用于麻痹风毒肿痛，用浓醋调和后外敷。用酒调服未咽下时，心脾疼痛竟已停止。又有紫芥、花芥、石芥等，种类很多；但采摘作为蔬菜食用时，不再加以分别。
莱菔根
味辛、甘，气温。属土，兼具金与水之性。无毒。南北各郡州，处处都有种植。又名萝卜，逢冬季拔收。根部可以生吃，叶子必须煮熟吃。能制约白面和豆腐的毒性，忌与何首乌、地黄同吃。如果误犯禁忌，头发和胡须会变白。捣取生汁，磨墨吞服；止吐血，去血效果迅速。《本草衍义》说：治渴证的原理，大概是因为它味甘多而辛少。种子能劫夺喘咳，下气功效确实强大如倒壁冲墙。用水研磨服用即吐出风痰，用醋研磨外敷立即消除恶毒。芜菁遍地生长，叶片茂盛，又名蔓青，两种称呼并存。与莱菔完全不同，不要以假乱真。多种植于河朔地区，可备荒年饥馑。昔日诸葛亮出征扎营，常令士兵栽种，说有六利，详细记载在史书中。至今四川三蜀及江陵一带，称之为诸葛菜。宜经常食用，容易使人健壮肥胖。益气通中，子主治黄疸利水，又治霍乱，消除胀满。去除目睛青盲（视力障碍），消除症瘕积聚（腹内结块）。经过九次蒸煮九次晾晒制成粉末，服用可断绝壳食（辟谷）以求长生。研细加入面脂中，可揭去皱纹转回滋润；压榨油搀入面膏内，可使面色黑者转明。蜘蛛咬伤，捣碎末用酒送服可除毒。但吃得过多，令人腹胀满。
Baijie (White Mustard Seed)
Pungent in flavor, warm in nature. Non-toxic. Originally cultivated from the Western Regions (Xirong), it is white and crisp, very delicious when eaten as a vegetable. It can repel cold qi and stabilize the five zang organs. The seeds are slightly coarser than other mustard seeds, white in color, resembling sorghum grains. They are excellent at expelling zhushi qi (a chronic consumptive disease caused by external pathogens) and most effective in warding off evil spirits. Ground with vinegar and applied externally, it treats shegong (ancient term for water toxins or skin diseases caused by insects such as Paederus); decocted liquid eliminates tanpi (痞块 formed by phlegm-fluid retention). For痞块 formed by prolonged malaria steaming, this herb must be applied externally to remove them; for phlegm-saliva in the subcutaneous tissue and intermuscular spaces, it must be used to guide their discharge. Therefore, in the Sanzi Yangqin Tang (Three Seeds Decoction to Nourish the Elderly) formula, radish seed is added to digest food, perilla seed to calm asthma, and this herb (white mustard seed) to eliminate phlegm. All these methods precisely address the diseases of the elderly. Qingjie (Green Mustard) is extremely pungent, resembling songcai (Chinese cabbage) but hairy. The fine-leaved variety is lethal, while the large-leaved variety is superior. Raw consumption triggers danshi fa du (heat toxicity triggered by mineral drug ingestion); cooked consumption disturges ge qi (diaphragmatic qi) and wind qi. Eating it together with rabbit meat easily induces severe sores, which is also effective for treatment. It was recorded in the Shennong Bencao Jing (Divine Farmer's Materia Medica) to unblock orifices, brighten eyes and ears; warm the middle jiao, enter the nose meridian, dispel pathogenic factors, and stop coughing. The seeds are small and green, making fragrant sauce. For traumatic injuries with blood stasis and cold pain, grind fresh ginger and apply topically. For numbness, wind toxicity, swelling, and pain, mix with strong vinegar and apply externally. Mixed with wine, even before swallowing, heart and spleen pain stops completely. There are also Zijie (Purple Mustard), Huajie (Flowering Mustard), and Shijie (Stone Mustard), with many varieties; however, when harvested for culinary use, they are no longer distinguished.
Laifu Gen (Radish Root)
Pungent and sweet in flavor, warm in nature. Belongs to Earth, possessing properties of Metal and Water. Non-toxic. Cultivated everywhere in commanderies and provinces across the north and south. Also known as Luobo (Radish), harvested in winter. The root can be eaten raw, while the leaves must be cooked. It counteracts the toxicity of white flour and tofu; it is contraindicated to consume simultaneously with Heshouwu (Polygoni Multiflori Radix) and Dihuang (Rehmanniae Radix). If mistakenly violated, hair and beard will turn white. Crushed raw juice, mixed with ink and swallowed; stops hematemesis (vomiting blood), removing blood very swiftly. Yan Yi (Bencao Yan Yi) states: The mechanism for treating thirst is likely due to its abundant sweet flavor and slight pungency. The seeds can arrest wheezing and coughing, descending qi with power truly like overturning walls and breaking through barriers. Grinded with water and taken orally, it immediately vomits out wind-phlegm; ground with vinegar and applied externally, it instantly eliminates toxic swellings. Wujing (Turnip) grows all over the ground, with lush leaves, also called Manqing; the two names coexist. It is completely different from Laifu, do not mistake the fake for the real. Mostly planted in the Hezhou region, it can prepare for famine years. In the past, when Zhuge Liang campaigned and set up camps, he often ordered soldiers to plant it, claiming six benefits, which are detailed in historical records. To this day, in the Three Shu regions of Sichuan and Jiangling, it is called Zhuge Cai (Zhuge Vegetable). It is suitable for frequent consumption, easily leading to robustness and fatness. Benefits qi and unblocks the middle jiao. The seeds mainly treat jaundice and promote diuresis, also treating huoluan (cholera-like syndrome with vomiting and diarrhea), eliminating distension. Removes blinding of the eyes (qingmang), eliminates zhengjia and jijuzhi (abdominal masses and accumulations). Steamed nine times and sun-dried nine times to make powder, taking it allows one to cease grain eating (bigu) and achieve longevity. Finely ground and added into facial cream, it removes wrinkles and restores moisture; pressed oil mixed into face paste, it turns dark complexion bright. For spider bites, crush into powder and take with wine to eliminate toxin. However, excessive consumption causes abdominal fullness.