\r驴\pj434.bmp\r
处处有，河南多。似马类耳长，逢五更嘶叫。庞不骏故称曰蹇，色弗一只取其乌。背
能负重趱程，屎堪入药拯病。不拘干湿，惟用合宜。熨风肿 疮，主症癖反胃。牙痛立止，
水肿专医。牝驴屎治燥水殊功。 驴屎治湿水神效。（以指画体成字迹者，知内
为燥。水不
成字迹者，知内为湿水也。）一服五合，并记勿差。屎汁理心腹卒疼，并疰忤当觅。
尿溺浸
蜘蛛咬毒，及噎隔宜求。头熬汁渐尝，解缠久消渴；骨煮汤频浴，去历节痛风。毛炒
黄多渍
酒右，诸头风悉逐；皮熬胶亦和酒饮，各风毒咸驱。（又治鼻洪、吐血、崩中、带下、
血痢
、
疫疟等证。）脂疗多般，只宜生用。和生椒末捣，绵裹塞耳，俾积年聋证转聪；同乌梅
肉丸
，水送下喉，令多年疟疾竟截。拌盐敷愈疮疥，搀酒服退癫狂。肉性微寒，啖食宜少。虽解
心烦而安心气，防发痼疾以动风淫。乳性冷利味甘，诚疗小儿诸恙。除天吊客忤，止
赤痢惊
痫。蜒蚰入两耳中，用之灌入即化，又尾下轴垢，治疟发无期。水洗汁一杯，面和作
两饼。
（如烧饼样熟者。）未发前先食其一，至发时再食辏完。物虽甚微，功亦屡奏。
\r阿井\pj435.bmp\r
\r阿胶\pj435a.bmp\r
味甘、辛，气平，微温。味薄气浓，升也，阳也。无毒。汲东阿井水，（东阿县属山
东兖州府，井在城北。）用纯黑驴皮。（诸胶多系牛皮熬成，惟此用驴皮耳。）鹿角一片后加
，文火渐进熬就。设官监禁，最难得真。凡觅拯 ，不可不试。真者质脆（音翠）易断，明
澈
如水；假者质软难敲，枯黯似墨。制之宜锉薄片，蛤粉和炒成珠。入剂不煎，研末调化。（
药
煎熟时，倾净渣滓，将末投内，自然烊化。）使山药，畏大黄。入太阴肺经，及肝肾二脏。
风淫木旺，遍疼延肢体能驱；火盛金虚，久咳唾脓血即补。养血止吐衄崩带，益气扶羸瘦劳
伤。利便闭，调猪苓汤吞；禁胎漏，加四物汤服。定喘促，同款冬紫菀；止泻痢，和蜜蜡黄
连。安胎养肝，坚骨滋肾。
（谟）按∶煎胶用皮，取其发散皮肤外也。匪特此胶为然，诸胶牛皮熬煮，亦皆能之，
仍择乌
色。如用乌鸡子、乌蛇之类，物虽治风，然更取其乌黑属水，盖以制其热则生风之义。东阿
井
水，乃系济水所注。性急下趋，清而且重。用之煎煮，搅浊澄清。服之者，能去浊污，以及
逆上痰也。
驴在各地都有，河南产量较多。外形像马但耳朵较长，每逢五更天就会嘶叫。因为体型庞大但不算骏马，所以称为“蹇”（跛足或笨拙的马）；毛色不要求单一，只取黑色的。背部能负重赶路，其粪便可以入药治病。不拘泥于干粪还是湿粪，只要使用得当即可。可用于熨敷风肿疮疡，主治症瘕积聚和反胃。牙痛可立即停止，水肿专治。母驴的粪便治疗燥水病有殊效，公驴的粪便治疗湿水病有神效。（用手指在患者身上画字，若能留下字迹，说明体内为燥水；若不能留下字迹，说明体内为湿水。）每次服用五合，切记不要差错。驴屎汁能调理心腹突然疼痛，以及疰忤邪气应当寻找此药。用驴尿浸泡过的蜘蛛咬伤毒害，以及噎膈病症适宜寻求驴尿治疗。将驴头熬成汁液逐渐品尝，可解除缠绵难愈的消渴症；将驴骨煮汤频繁洗浴，可去除历节痛风。驴毛炒黄后多浸泡在酒中饮用，各种头风病皆可驱逐；驴皮熬制成胶也和酒一起饮用，各种风毒皆可驱除。（又治疗鼻出血、吐血、崩漏、带下、血痢、疫疟等证候。）驴脂治疗多种疾病，只宜生用。与生花椒末混合捣碎，用棉包裹塞入耳中，使多年的耳聋症状转为听力正常；与乌梅肉混合做成丸剂，用水送服，令多年的疟疾竟被截断。拌盐外敷可治愈疮疥，搀酒内服可退除癫狂。驴肉性微寒，食用应当少量。虽然能解心烦而安心气，但要防止诱发旧疾而动风邪。驴乳性冷利味甘，确实是治疗小儿各种疾病的良药。可除去天吊客忤病，止住赤痢惊痫。如果蜒蚰（蜗牛/蛞蝓）进入两耳中，用驴乳灌入即可将其化解。还有驴尾下的轴垢，治疗无定期发作的疟疾。取水洗出的汁液一杯，用面粉调和做成两个饼。（要做得像烧饼那样熟透。）在未发病前先吃其中一个，到发病时再吃完另一个。药物虽然微小，功效却屡次奏效。
阿胶
味甘、辛，气平，微温。味道淡薄而气味浓郁，主升，属阳。无毒。汲取东阿井水来制作（东阿县属于山东兖州府，井位于城北）。使用纯黑驴皮。（大多数胶是用牛皮熬成的，只有这个是用驴皮。）加入一片鹿角后慢慢添加，用文火逐渐熬制而成。设有官府监管禁止私造，最难得真品。凡是寻找用来拯救疾病的阿胶，不可不加以试验。真品质地脆（音同翠）易折断，明亮清澈如水；假品质地软难敲碎，枯暗像墨一样。炮制时应当锉成薄片，与蛤粉混合炒成珠状。入药方时不需煎煮，研成粉末调化。（当其他药物煎熟时，滤去净渣滓，将阿胶末投入其中，自然烊化。）忌配伍山药，畏大黄。入太阴肺经，以及肝、肾二脏。风邪淫盛导致肝木过旺，全身疼痛蔓延至四肢能够驱除；火气旺盛导致肺气虚弱，久咳唾脓血即刻补益。养血以止吐衄崩带，益气以扶持羸瘦劳伤。通利小便闭塞，配合猪苓汤吞服；固涩胎漏，加入四物汤服用。平息气喘急促，同款冬花紫菀配合；止住泻痢，和蜜蜡黄连配合。安胎养肝，坚骨滋肾。
（陈嘉谟）按语：煎制胶使用皮，是取其发散皮肤之外邪的意思。不仅仅是这种胶如此，各种胶用牛皮熬煮，也都能做到这一点，仍然选择黑色者。如果使用乌鸡子、乌蛇之类，物品虽然能治疗风病，然而更是取其乌黑属水的特性，大概是以水制热则不生风的道理。东阿井水，乃是济水所注入。水性急而下趋，清澈而且沉重。用它来煎煮，能使浑浊澄清。服用它的人，能去除浊污，以及上逆的痰饮。
Donkey Dung
Donkeys are found everywhere, with a high production in Henan. They resemble horses but have longer ears, and bray at the fifth watch (around 3-5 AM). Because they are bulky but not swift steeds, they are called "Jian" (clumsy or lame horse); their coat color is not required to be uniform, only black ones are selected. Their backs can bear heavy loads for long journeys, and their dung can be used as medicine to save lives. Whether dry or wet, it should be used appropriately. It can be applied hot for compressing wind-induced swelling and sores, primarily treating fixed masses (Zheng Jia) and regurgitation. It stops toothache immediately and specifically treats edema. Female donkey dung has special efficacy in treating dry water retention, while male donkey dung has miraculous effects in treating wet water retention. (If one draws characters on the patient's body with a finger and the marks remain, it indicates internal dry water retention; if the marks do not remain, it indicates internal wet water retention.) Take five he per dose, remember not to err. Donkey dung juice regulates sudden pain in the heart and abdomen, and should be sought for Zhu Wu (infectious disease caused by evil qi). Spider bites poisoned by donkey urine soaking, and dysphagia (Yi Ge) are suitable for seeking donkey urine treatment. Boiling the donkey head into juice and tasting it gradually can resolve lingering Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst syndrome); boiling donkey bones into soup and bathing frequently can remove Li Jie Feng Tong (painful obstruction syndrome similar to gout). Donkey hair, stir-fried until yellow and soaked in wine, drives away various Tou Feng (head wind diseases); donkey skin boiled into gelatin and drunk with wine, expels all Feng Du (wind toxins). (It also treats Bi Hong [epistaxis], Tu Xue [hematemesis], Beng Zhong [metrorrhagia], Dai Xia [leukorrhea], Xue Li [dysentery with blood], Yi Nüe [malaria epidemic], etc.) Donkey fat treats various conditions, best used raw. Mixed with raw Sichuan pepper powder and pounded, wrapped in cotton and inserted into the ear, it turns chronic deafness into hearing normality; mixed with dried plum flesh into pills and swallowed with water, it abruptly cuts off chronic malaria. Mixed with salt and applied externally cures sores and scabies; taken with wine retreats mania. Donkey meat is slightly cold in nature; consumption should be moderate. Although it relieves mental restlessness and calms the spirit, one must guard against triggering old diseases and stirring wind pathogens. Donkey milk is cold, purgative, and sweet in taste, truly treating various ailments in children. It removes Tian Diao (infantile convulsion) and Ke Wu (evil influence), stops Chi Li (bloody dysentery) and Jing Xian (convulsive epilepsy). If Yan You (slug/snail) enters the ears, pouring donkey milk in dissolves it immediately. Also, the grease under the tail axis treats irregularly recurring malaria. Take one cup of water-washed juice, mix with flour to make two cakes. (Cook them thoroughly like sesame seed cakes.) Eat one before the onset of symptoms, and finish the other when the fever strikes. Though the substance is minute, its efficacy is repeatedly achieved.
Ejiao (Donkey-Hide Gelatin)
Sweet and pungent in taste, neutral in Qi, slightly warm. Its flavor is light but its aroma is strong, ascending and Yang. Non-toxic. Extracted from Dong'e Well water (Dong'e County belongs to Yanzhou Prefecture, Shandong Province; the well is located north of the city). Made using pure black donkey hide. (Most gelatins are made from cowhide, only this uses donkey hide.) Add one piece of deer horn later, simmer slowly over gentle fire until ready. Official supervision prohibits private production, making authentic Ejiao rare. When seeking it for medical use, one must test it carefully. Authentic Ejiao is brittle (pronounced 'cui') and easy to break, clear and transparent like water; fake Ejiao is soft and hard to crack, dull and dark like ink. Preparation involves slicing thinly and stir-frying with Clam Shell Powder (Ge Fen) until it forms beads. Do not boil in decoctions; grind into powder and dissolve. (When other herbs are cooked, strain the dregs, add the powder inside, and it will naturally melt.) Incompatible with Dioscorea Opposita (Shan Yao), adverse to Rheum Palmatum (Da Huang). Enters the Taiyin Lung Meridian, as well as the Liver and Kidney viscera. It can drive away widespread pain extending to limbs caused by Wind pathogen excess and hyperactive Wood; it tonifies prolonged cough with pus and blood due to Fire excess and deficient Metal. It nourishes blood to stop hematemesis, epistaxis, metrorrhagia, and leukorrhea; boosts Qi to support emaciation and consumptive injuries. It promotes urination for urinary retention, taken with Zhu Ling Tang; secures the fetus for threatened abortion, taken with Si Wu Tang. It stabilizes asthma, combined with Jin Yin Hua and Zi Wan; stops diarrhea and dysentery, combined with Honey, Beeswax, and Coptis Chinensis (Huang Lian). It calms the fetus and nourishes the Liver, strengthens bones and moistens the Kidneys.
(Chen Jiamo) Commentary: Using hide for boiling gelatin takes advantage of its ability to disperse pathogens from the skin surface. This applies not only to this gelatin but also to others boiled from cowhide, still selecting black varieties. For example, using black chicken eggs or black snakes, although these items treat wind diseases, they are chosen because their black color corresponds to Water, presumably following the principle that Water controls Heat, thus preventing the generation of Wind. Dong'e Well water is fed by the Ji River. The water flows rapidly downward, clear and heavy. Using it for decoction clarifies turbidity. Those who consume it can eliminate turbid filth and rebellious phlegm rising upward.