今人惟知去痰，不言益脾，盖能分水故也。脾恶湿，湿则濡而困，困则不能制水。经
曰∶“湿胜则泻”。一男子夜数如厕，或教以生姜壹两碎之，半夏汤洗，与大枣各三十枚，
水一升，瓷瓶中慢火烧为熟水，时时呷，数日便已。
常山苗也。治疟、多吐人，其他亦未见所长。此草也。虑岁久，人或别有异论，故预
云。余如经。
经中并不言治眼，《药性论》始言之。能治肝藏热毒冲眼、赤障、青盲。萧炳可云
∶“理眼。”日华子云∶“益脑髓，明耳目，镇肝。”今人多用之治眼，殊不与经意相当。
古今服饵方少有用者，多见于敛疮方中。二物多相须而行。
今青蒿也，在处有之，得春最早，人剔以为蔬，根赤叶香。今人谓之青蒿，亦有所别
也。但一类之中，又取其青者。陕西、绥、银之间有青蒿。在蒿丛之间，时有一两窠，迥然
青色，土人谓之为香蒿。茎叶与常蒿一同，但常蒿色淡青，此蒿色深青。犹青，故气芬芳。
恐古人所用以深青者为胜，不然诸蒿何尝不青？
亦不至翘出众草、下湿地亦无，太山山谷间甚多。今只用其子。折之，其间片片相比
如翘，应以此得名尔。治心经客热最胜，尤宜小儿。
生河南洛阳界及新安土山中。性温，止腹痛，暖腰膝。《唐本》注及《药性论》甚
详。陶隐居失于不审，宜其排叱也。新安县界兼山野中屡尝见之，正如《唐本》注所说。至
今本“处山中人卖白头翁丸，言服之寿考”，又失古人命名之意。
现在的人只知道半夏能去除痰湿，却不提它能补益脾气，这大概是因为它能分利水湿的缘故。脾脏厌恶湿气，湿气重则脾体濡润而功能困顿，脾功能困顿则不能制约水液。医经中说：“湿气过盛就会导致腹泻。”有一个男子夜间多次起夜小便，有人教他用生姜一两捣碎，半夏用水洗净，与大枣各三十枚，加水一升，放入瓷瓶中用慢火煎煮成熟水，不时小口饮用，几天后病就好了。
这是常山的嫩苗。用于治疗疟疾、以及呕吐严重的患者，其他方面未见特别长处。这是一种草类药材。考虑到年代久远，人们或许会有不同的见解，所以预先说明这一点。其余内容如医经所述。
蜀漆是常山的根，也能治疗疟疾、吐痰，其中像鸡骨头形状的根部为佳。
医经中并没有提到它治疗眼病，《药性论》才开始提及。它能治疗肝脏热毒上冲眼睛引起的赤障、青盲（视力丧失）。萧炳可以说：“调理眼疾。”日华子说：“补益脑髓，使耳目聪明，平抑肝气。”现在的人多用它来治疗眼病，这与医经的原意并不相符。
古今服用饵方的方剂中很少有用到它的，多见于收敛疮口的方剂中。这两味药多相互配合使用。
这是现在的青蒿，到处都有生长，春天来得最早，人们剔除茎叶后作为蔬菜食用，根部呈红色，叶子有香气。现在人称之为青蒿，但也存在区别。只是在同一类植物中，又选取颜色较青的品种。陕西、绥州、银州之间有青蒿。在蒿草丛中，时常有一两丛，颜色截然不同地呈现青色，当地人称之为香蒿。它的茎叶与普通的蒿草相同，只是普通蒿草颜色淡青，这种蒿草颜色深青。因为颜色尚青，所以气味芬芳。恐怕古人所用的是颜色深青的那种效果更好，否则各种蒿草何尝不都是青色的？
它也不至于高出众草之上，生长在低湿之地也没有，太山山谷间非常多。现在只使用它的种子。折断种子时，里面一片片排列紧密如同翘起的样子，应该因此得名。治疗心经客热效果最好，尤其适宜小儿使用。
生长在河南洛阳边界及新安的山土中。性质温，能停止腹痛，温暖腰膝。《新修本草》的注释及《药性论》记载得很详细。陶弘景失于不审慎，理应受到排斥和批评。在新安县界内兼山野中屡次见到它，正如《新修本草》注释所说。直到如今市面上仍有“处山人卖白头翁丸，说服用它可以长寿”，这也失去了古人命名的本意。
Currently, people only know that Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) can resolve phlegm, but do not mention its ability to benefit the Spleen (Zang organ responsible for transformation and transportation), likely because it can separate and drain fluids. The Spleen dislikes dampness; when dampness is excessive, the Spleen becomes soggy and sluggish, and when sluggish, it cannot control water metabolism. The Classics state: "When dampness prevails, diarrhea occurs." A man suffered from frequent nocturia. Someone advised him to take 1 liang of crushed fresh ginger, Pinellia rhizoma washed with water, and 30 jujubes. These were boiled in one sheng of water in a porcelain bottle over slow fire until ready. He was instructed to sip this decoction occasionally. After several days, his condition resolved.
This refers to the young shoots of Changshan (Dichroae Radix). It is used to treat malaria and cases involving severe vomiting, but no other significant advantages are observed. This is an herbaceous plant. Considering the passage of time, people may have different opinions later, so I state this in advance. The rest follows the Classics.
Shuqi (Radix Dichroae) is the root of Changshan. It also treats malaria and expectoration of phlegm. The roots resembling chicken bones are considered superior.
The Classics do not mention its use for eye diseases; this was first stated in *Yao Xing Lun* (Treatise on Medicinal Properties). It can treat liver heat-toxin rushing to the eyes, causing red nebulae (corneal opacity) and blindness. Xiao Bing said: "Regulates the eyes." Ri Hua Zi said: "Benefits the brain marrow, clarifies the ears and eyes, and anchors the Liver." Nowadays, people mostly use it to treat eye diseases, which does not align well with the original intent of the Classics.
In ancient and modern formulas for oral administration, few use this herb. It is more commonly seen in formulas for astringing sores. These two substances often act synergistically.
This is the current Qinghao (Artemisiae Annuae Herba), found everywhere. It emerges earliest in spring. People prepare it as a vegetable by removing stems and leaves; its root is reddish and its leaves are fragrant. People now call it Qinghao, but there are distinctions. Among plants of the same category, those with a greener hue are selected. In Shaanxi, Suizhou, and Yinzhou, there is Qinghao. Among clumps of mugwort-like herbs, occasionally one or two clusters stand out with a distinctly green color, which locals call Xianghao (Fragrant Mugwort). Its stems and leaves are similar to common mugwort, but while common mugwort is pale green, this variety is deep green. Because it remains green, its aroma is fragrant. It is feared that the ancients preferred the deep-green variety for better efficacy; otherwise, why would all mugworts not be green?
It does not tower above other grasses, nor does it grow in low-lying wetlands; it is abundant in the valleys of Mount Tai. Currently, only its seeds are used. When broken, the seed parts lie close together like a quill or hook, which is likely how it got its name. It is most effective in treating residual heat in the Heart channel, especially suitable for children.
It grows in the borders of Luoyang, Henan, and the mountainous areas of Xin'an. Its nature is warm. It stops abdominal pain and warms the waist and knees. The annotations in *Xin Xiu Ben Cao* (Newly Revised Materia Medica) and *Yao Xing Lun* are very detailed. Tao Hongjing failed to examine this carefully, and thus deserves criticism. I have frequently seen it in the wilds of Xin'an County, exactly as described in the *Xin Xiu Ben Cao*. To this day, sellers in Chu Mountain sell Baitouweng Wan (Pulsatilla Pill), claiming it prolongs life, which misses the original meaning behind the ancients' naming of the herb.