今天下皆有之。河北沿溏泺居人采得，舂去皮，捣仁为粉，蒸炸作饼，可以代粮。
食多，不益脾胃气，兼难消化。
就蓬中干者为石莲子，取其肉于砂盆中干，擦去浮上赤色，留青心，为末，少入龙脑
为汤点，宁心志，清神，然亦有粉红千叶、白千叶者，皆不实。如此是有四等也。其根惟白
莲为佳。今禁中又生碧莲，亦一瑞也。
今世俗谓之菱角，所在有。煮熟取仁食之，代粮，不益脾。又有水菱，亦芰也，但大而
脆，可生食。和合治疗，未闻其用。有人食生芰多则利及难化，是亦性冷。
栗欲干，莫如曝，欲生收，莫如润。沙中藏至春末夏初，尚如初收摘。小儿不可多食。
生者难化，熟即滞气、隔食、生虫，往往致小儿病，人亦不知。所谓补肾气者，以其味咸，
又滞其气尔。湖北路有一种栗，顶圆末尖，谓之旋栗。《图经》引《诗》言莘（音榛）栗者，
谓其象形也。
孟诜以为樱非桃类。然非桃类，盖其以形肖桃，故曰樱桃，又何疑焉？谓如木猴梨、
胡桃之类，亦取其形相似尔。古谓之含桃，可荐宗庙。《礼》云“先荐寝庙”者，是此。唐
王维诗云∶“才是寝园春荐后，非干御苑鸟衔残”。小儿食之，才过多，无不作热。此果在
三月末四月初间熟，得正阳之气，先诸果熟，性故热。今西洛一种紫樱，至熟时正紫色，皮
里间有细碎黄点，此最珍也。今亦上供朝廷，药中不甚须。
如今各地都有生长。河北沿湖沼泽地区的居民采集后，舂去外皮，捣碎果仁制成粉，蒸或炸成饼状，可以代替粮食食用。
但食用过多，无益于脾胃之气，并且难以消化。
莲蓬中干枯变硬的称为石莲子，取其果肉在砂盆中研磨，擦去表面浮起的赤色，保留青色的莲心，研成粉末，加入少量龙脑（冰片），用汤水冲服，能宁心安神、清利头目。然而也有粉红重瓣、白色重瓣的品种，这些都不结实。像这样就有四种等级了。其根部以白莲为佳。如今皇宫中又生出碧莲，这也是一种祥瑞之兆。
现在世俗称之为菱角，各地都有。煮熟后取仁食用，可代替粮食，但对脾脏无益。又有水菱，也是芰（jiǎ，即菱角的一种），只是个头大且脆，可以生吃。关于其配伍治疗功效，未曾听闻有人使用。有人多吃生芰会导致腹泻及消化不良，这也是因为它的性质寒凉。
栗子想要干燥保存，不如晾晒；想要新鲜收藏，不如保持湿润。藏在沙土中到春末夏初，还像刚采摘时一样。小儿不可多吃。生栗子难消化，熟栗子则容易阻滞气机、导致饮食停滞、滋生虫积，往往引起小儿疾病，人们却并不知晓。所谓补肾气的说法，是因为它味道咸，反而容易阻滞气机罢了。湖北路有一种栗子，顶端圆而末端尖，称为旋栗。《图经》引用《诗经》中的“莘栗”，是说它形状像榛子。
孟诜认为樱桃不属于桃类。然而如果不属于桃类，大概是因为它形状像桃，所以叫樱桃，这有什么可怀疑的呢？就像木猴梨、胡桃之类，也是取其形状相似而已。古时候称为含桃，可以用来祭祀宗庙。《礼记》说“先在宗庙祭祀”，指的就是这种果实。唐代王维诗云：“才是寝园春荐后，非干御苑鸟衔残”。小儿食用过多，无不引发内热。这种果实在三月底四月初成熟，得正阳之气，比其他果实先熟，所以性质属热。如今西洛有一种紫樱，完全成熟时呈正紫色，皮里有细碎的黄色斑点，这是最珍贵的品种。如今也进贡朝廷，但在药用上并不需要。
It is grown everywhere today. Residents living along the ponds and marshes in Hebei Province collect them, pound off the husks, grind the kernels into powder, steam or fry them into cakes, which can serve as a substitute for grain.
However, excessive consumption does not benefit the Spleen and Stomach Qi (vital energy) and is difficult to digest.
Those that dry out within the lotus pod are called Shi Lian Zi (Stone Lotus Seed). Their flesh is taken and rubbed in a mortar to remove the floating red color on the surface, retaining only the green plumule (lotus heart), then ground into powder. A small amount of Long Nao (Borneolum Syntheticum, Borneol) is added, and it is taken as a decoction with water; this calms the mind and spirit and clears the senses. However, there are also pink double-petaled and white double-petaled varieties that do not produce seeds. Thus, there are four grades. Among their roots, White Lotus is considered the best. Currently, Green Lotus grows in the imperial palace, which is also an auspicious sign.
In common parlance today, they are called Ling Jiao (Water Caltrop), found everywhere. After boiling, the kernels are taken and eaten as a grain substitute, but they do not benefit the Spleen. There is also Shui Ling (Water Caltrop), which is also a type of Ji (Caltrop), but larger and crispier, suitable for raw consumption. Regarding its use in herbal combinations for treatment, no applications have been heard of. Some people suffer from diarrhea and indigestion after eating too much raw Ji, indicating its cold nature.
If one wishes to dry chestnuts, sun-drying is best; if one wishes to store them fresh, keeping them moist is best. Stored in sand until late spring and early summer, they remain as fresh as when just harvested. Children should not eat them in excess. Raw chestnuts are hard to digest, while cooked ones tend to stagnate Qi, cause food retention, and generate parasites, often leading to pediatric illnesses, though people are generally unaware of this. The claim that they tonify Kidney Qi is due to their salty taste, which actually tends to obstruct Qi flow. In the Hubei Circuit, there is a variety of chestnut that is round at the top and pointed at the bottom, called Xuan Li (Rotating Chestnut). *Tu Jing* (Illustrated Classic) cites the *Shi Jing* (Classic of Poetry) mentioning "Shen Li," stating it refers to its shape resembling hazelnuts.
Meng Shen believed that Ying Tao (Cherry) does not belong to the Peach category. However, if it does not belong to the Peach category, it is likely because its shape resembles a peach, hence the name Ying Tao; what else could be doubted? Similarly, Mu Hou Li (Monkey Pear) and Hu Tao (Walnut) are named for their similar shapes. In ancient times, they were called Han Tao (Containing Peach) and were used to offer sacrifices to ancestral temples. The *Li Ji* (Book of Rites) states "first offered in the ancestral temple," referring to this fruit. The Tang Dynasty poet Wang Wei wrote: "Just after the spring offering in the royal gardens, / Not due to birds picking remnants in the imperial park." If children eat too many, it invariably generates internal heat. This fruit ripens between late March and early April, receiving the pure Yang Qi and ripening before other fruits; thus, its nature is hot. Currently, in Western Luoyang, there is a variety of Purple Cherry that turns deep purple when fully ripe, with fine yellow spots under the skin; this is the most precious variety. It is now presented as tribute to the court, but is not much needed in medicinal preparations.