一名火麻。亦曰黄麻。麻品凡五。黄络苎 白也。黄叶五歧。络叶无歧。苎叶圆
茎皆
剥皮作麻。其 白而有棱。轻虚。可作烛心。（濒湖）早春种者为春麻。子小而有毒。晚
春种为秋
麻仁
味甘气平。性滑利下行。走而不守。入足太阴手阳明经。补中益气。复血脉。通关
润五脏。去风。久服肥健不老。下气逐水气。专利大肠风热结燥。治血痢。利小便。除
疗消渴便涩。香港脚肿渴。利女子经脉。（诸本草）汗多胃热便难。三者皆因燥热而亡津液。
燥者润之。故脾约丸用麻仁润足太阴之燥及通肠也。（海藏）脾欲缓。急食甘以缓之。麻仁
之甘以缓脾润燥。（无己）麻仁粥治风水。腹大腰脐重痛不可转动。用冬麻子半斤。研碎。
水
老人
可
一
升
曝
同
者
气吸吸。口燥热淋。用大麻仁五
数斗。小便赤涩。用秋麻子仁一升
汁煮绿豆。空心食极效。
小豆一升煮熟。食
日二。
〔论〕麻仁润燥。本经首谓其补中益气。是属何义。尔雅翼云。麦黄种 （有子曰 。
无子
化液
正其
血药而有
故于大肠
者。且其所
也。）夫大
燥金本风木
阳而宣至阴
热。不可想
化。何以为
此从阳化阴
正属肾肝
事。妇人
〔修治〕极难去壳。取帛包置沸汤中。浸至冷出之。垂井中一夜。勿令着水。次日日中
曝干
大麻，又名火麻，也叫做黄麻。麻类植物共有五种。黄麻的纤维是白色的，叶子分为五裂；苎麻的叶子不分裂。苎麻和黄麻都是剥取树皮作为麻用。苎麻的茎白色且有棱角，质地轻而空虚，可以用来做烛芯。（李时珍《本草纲目》）早春种植的称为春麻，种子小且有毒性；晚春种植的称为秋麻。
麻仁味甘，气平，性质滑利下行，走而不守，归入足太阴脾经和手阳明大肠经。能补中益气，恢复血脉通畅，通关窍，滋润五脏，祛风。长期服用可使身体肥壮健康、延缓衰老。能下气、逐水气，专门治疗大肠的风热结燥，治疗血痢，通利小便，消除消渴和小便涩痛，治疗脚气肿胀口渴，通利女子的月经。（历代本草著作）但是，汗出过多、胃中有热、大便困难这三种情况，都是因为燥热导致津液亏损。对于燥证应当用润法治疗，所以脾约丸中使用麻仁来滋润足太阴脾经的燥邪并通导肠道。（张元素《医学启源》）脾脏喜欢舒缓，紧急时需要吃甘味食物来缓和它，麻仁的甘味可以缓和脾脏、滋润燥邪。（王好古《汤液本草》）麻仁粥可以治疗风水病，表现为腹部胀大、腰部和脐部沉重疼痛、不能转动。使用冬麻子半斤，研碎，与水同煮，给老人饮用。
（另有记载）呼吸急促、口干燥、热淋，使用大麻仁五合，与绿豆一升煮熟，空腹食用效果极佳。小便赤色涩痛，使用秋麻子仁一升，与小豆一升煮熟，每日两次食用。
〔论述〕麻仁具有润燥的功效。《神农本草经》首先提到它能补中益气，这是什么含义呢？《尔雅翼》说：“麦黄时节种植……” 大麻属于燥金之性，本应归属于风木之气，但通过阳气宣发至阴，化生为阴液，这正属于肾肝的事情。妇女患病……（此处原文有缺漏或错简，意指麻仁虽属金，但能化阴润燥，与肝肾相关）。
〔炮制方法〕极难去壳。取丝帛包裹，放入沸水中浸泡，直到冷却后取出，悬挂在井中一夜，不要让沾水。第二天在阳光下晒干。
Hemp (Dama), also known as Fire Hemp (Huoma) or Yellow Hemp (Huangma). There are five varieties of hemp. The fiber of Huangma is white, and its leaves are palmately lobed into five segments; the leaves of Ramie (Zhuma) are unlobed. Both Ramie and Huangma are processed by peeling the bark to obtain the fiber. The stem of Ramie is white with ridges, light and hollow, and can be used as candle wicks. (Li Shizhen) Hemp planted in early spring is called Spring Hemp, whose seeds are small and toxic; hemp planted in late spring is called Autumn Hemp.
The seed of Hemp (Maren) has a sweet taste and neutral qi. Its nature is slippery, lubricating, and descending. It moves without staying fixed. It enters the Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian and the Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian. It tonifies the middle jiao and boosts qi, restores blood vessels, opens orifices, moistens the five zang organs, dispels wind. Long-term consumption makes the body robust, healthy, and delays aging. It directs qi downward, expels water qi, specifically treats wind-heat accumulation and dryness in the large intestine, treats bloody dysentery, promotes urination, eliminates thirst due to Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst syndrome) and urinary difficulty, treats swelling and thirst due to Hong Kong Foot (Jiaogongjiao, i.e., beriberi/leg swelling), and regulates menstruation in women. (Various Materia Medica texts) However, excessive sweating, stomach heat, and difficult defecation are all caused by dryness-heat consuming body fluids. For dryness, moistening is indicated. Therefore, Pi Yue Wan (Spley Restriction Pill) uses Maren to moisten the dryness of the Foot-Taiyin Spleen and unblock the intestines. (Zhang Congzheng/Zhang Yuansu context: Zhang Yuansu) When the spleen desires relaxation, one should urgently consume sweet foods to relax it. The sweetness of Maren relaxes the spleen and moistens dryness. (Wang Haogu) Maren Porridge treats Feng Shui (Wind-Water edema), characterized by abdominal distension, heaviness and pain in the waist and umbilicus, and inability to turn over. Use half a jin of Winter Hemp Seeds, grind them finely, boil with water, and administer to the elderly.
(Another record) For rapid breathing, dry mouth, and hot stranguria, use five he of Great Hemp Seeds, boiled together with one sheng of Mung Beans. Consume on an empty stomach for excellent effect. For red and difficult urine, use one sheng of Autumn Hemp Seeds, boiled together with one sheng of Adzuki Beans. Consume twice daily.
[Discussion] Maren moistens dryness. The *Shennong Bencao Jing* first states that it tonifies the middle and boosts qi. What is the meaning of this? *Erya Yi* states: "Planted during the time when wheat turns yellow..." Great Hemp belongs to Dry Metal but originates from Wind Wood. Through the transformation of yang into yin, it generates fluids. This correctly pertains to the affairs of the Kidney and Liver. Women's conditions... [Text fragmentary].
[Processing] It is extremely difficult to remove the husk. Wrap the seeds in silk cloth, soak them in boiling water until cool, then take them out. Hang them in a well overnight, ensuring they do not touch water. Sun-dry them the next day at noon.