曼陀罗。梵言杂色也。生北土。独茎直上。高四五尺。绿茎碧叶。叶如茄。八月
六出如牵牛而大。攒花中折。骈叶外包。朝开夜合。结实圆而有丁拐。中有小子。
九月采实。（濒湖）
花子
气味辛温。有毒。 治诸风及寒湿香港脚。（煎汤洗之）主惊痫。疗脱肛。并入麻药。 相
传此花笑采酿酒饮。令人笑。舞采酿酒饮。令人舞。予尝试之。饮须半酣。更令一人或笑或
舞
为末
怒而狂
二钱半
〔论〕人之血气有偏。着于七情以为病者。兹味或能为之转移。濒湖所以主惊痫也。
一名 草。诸家皆谓之草。而本草居木部。今世所用皆木叶。如石南。不作花实。枝硬。
干则诌。（音炒。相扰也。）揉之。其臭如椒。五七月采叶。阴干用。（宗 颂）
气味辛苦温。有毒。主治风头痈肿。乳痈疝瘕。疗风疽疝气。肿坠凝血。治瘰 。除湿
风。
医家
大蒜研
误食害人
火焰草。俗呼黄丝草。即菟丝子。阳草也。入夏生苗。初如细丝。遍地不能自起。
延草物。其根渐绝于地。而寄空中。无叶有花。白色微红。香亦袭人。结实如秕而细
梗上尤佳。怀孟林中产此。入药最甚。萦草者不经久。若傍松柏及他树。则蔓延四布
经纬。根或绝地。质甚轻扬。其实或着树间。次年随在吐丝。不下引也。
气味辛（辛味为甚。却与辛香燥热之辛不同。）甘平。入足三阴气分。诸本草主续绝伤。
补不
男女
健。
小
（
则
使
上。
及中
从子半
在外
阴阳
则
子。
熟地
虚损
白浊
苓三
少血燥。
十丸。腰
末。将原酒
〔论〕菟丝当春末夏初。气乘浮长而丝萦蔓引。不须更藉于根蒂。其实结于夏末。更乘
金水
本经所主续绝伤益气力。夫绝伤之能续。未有无真气而只藉浮气者。而真气又未有离于真阴
者。雷公谓禀中和以凝正阳之气。（要知正阳之气。原不得离于阴。
阳互交之机。意谓无阴不能感阳。此生物元理也。盖夏月正天地气交
采实。其奉长气而感于蕃秀也。自阴而感之。其奉化气而归于降收也。
之阳。更由气交以降于在地之阴者乎。人身身半以下为阴。肾主之。菟
归于降收之阴。故能益肾气。（漫谓得阳气之盛而益肾气者梦梦）大都肾
味以化阴而益气。肾阴不足。更能助阴味以化阳而益精。（化阴化阳皆指
此别录所谓强阴。而甄权所谓添精髓者也。且其味由辛而甘。从天之阳而
故主治在肾居多。至又补肝脏风虚。与补脾气者。以归于阴则又即化阳
其益。而太阴脾气。即借此阴中之阳。传化而转运者也。足三阴同起于
脾。是又何疑之有哉。
肾家多火。强阳不痿者。忌之。大便燥结者。亦忌之。（仲淳）本不助相火。然肾有火
者。亦
〔修治〕米泔淘洗极净。略晒。拣去稗草子。磨五六次。用酒浸一昼夜。捣之不尽者。
再浸
湿研碎。
曼陀罗。梵语意为“杂色”。生长于北方土地。茎干单独直立向上，高度约四五尺。茎呈绿色，叶呈碧色，叶片形状像茄子。八月开花，花瓣六片，形似牵牛花但更大，花朵簇生于茎折处，叶片成对包裹在外。早晨开放，夜晚闭合。结出的果实圆形且有棱角，内部含有小种子。九月采集果实。（引自李时珍《濒湖脉学》相关记载）
花和种子：
气味辛、温，有毒。主治各种风邪以及寒湿引起的脚气（香港脚）。（方法为煎汤外洗）。主治惊悸癫痫。治疗脱肛。也可作为麻醉药使用。相传如果带着笑意采摘此花并酿酒饮用，人会发笑；带着舞姿采摘并酿酒饮用，人会起舞。我曾尝试过，饮酒需至半醉状态，再让人在一旁大笑或跳舞以助药效。
研成粉末：
二钱半。用于愤怒狂躁之症。
【论述】人的气血若有偏颇，因七情（喜、怒、忧、思、悲、恐、惊）致病者，此味药物或许能使其转移调和。李时珍因此主张用于治疗惊痫。
一名莽草。各家本草都称之为草，但《本草》将其归入木部。当今世面所用皆为木叶，类似石南藤，不开花结果。枝条坚硬，干燥后弯曲扭曲。（音同“炒”，意为相互纠缠扰乱）。揉搓它，气味像花椒。五七月采集叶子，阴干后使用。（引自苏颂《嘉祐本草》）
气味辛、苦、温，有毒。主治头风肿痛、乳痈、疝瘕积聚。治疗风疽、疝气、肿胀坠痛、凝血瘀滞。治疗瘰疬，祛除风湿。
医家用法：与大蒜一起研磨。
误食此草会害人致死。
火焰草。俗称黄丝草，即菟丝子，属阳草。入夏后生出苗株，起初像细丝一样，遍布地面但不能自立，缠绕依附在其它草木上生长。其根部逐渐在地面断绝，而寄生在空中。无叶有花，花色白色微红，香气袭人。结出的果实像秕谷般细小，生长在梗上的尤其好。怀孟地区的树林中出产这种药材，入药效果极佳。缠绕其他草本植物的菟丝子不耐久存。若依附于松柏及其他树木，则蔓延四布，如经纬线般交织。根部可能完全脱离地面，质地非常轻扬。其果实有时附着在树间，次年随处吐丝，不会向下牵引。
气味辛（辛味很浓，但与辛香燥热的辛不同），甘，平。入足三阴经的气分。各本草药书主要记载其续接绝伤，补益不足。男女皆宜。
（此处原文排版混乱，推测原意涉及阴阳、子午、熟地、白浊、茯苓等配伍及虚损、少血燥、腰膝酸软等症状，以及丸剂服用方法。）
【论述】菟丝子在春末夏初时节，气机浮长，丝蔓缠绕牵引，不再需要依赖根蒂。其果实结于夏末，更顺应金水之气。《本经》所主续绝伤、益气力，所谓绝伤能够接续，没有不依靠真气而仅靠浮气的道理。而真气又未尝离开真阴。雷公说禀受中和之气以凝聚正阳之气。（要知道正阳之气，原本就不能离开阴。这是阴阳互交的关键，意指无阴不能感阳，这是生物生成的根本原理。盖夏季正是天地气交之时，采集果实，是顺应长养之气而感受蕃秀之象。由阴而感之，是顺应化育之气而归于降收。天之阳气，更由气交而降于在地之阴吗？人身半身以下为阴，由肾主宰。菟丝子归于降收之阴，故能益肾气。（随意说是得到旺盛的阳气而益肾气的人是一梦糊涂）。大抵肾味能化阴而益气。肾阴不足，更能借助阴味来化阳而益精。（化阴化阳皆指此而言）。《别录》所谓强阴，甄权所谓添精髓。且其味由辛转甘，从天之阳而来。故主治多在肾脏。至于又补肝脏风虚，与补脾气者，是因为归于阴则又即化阳得其益，而太阴脾气，也是借此阴中之阳，传化而转运的。足三阴经同起于脾，这有什么可怀疑的呢？
肾家多火，强阳不痿者，忌用。大便燥结者，也忌用。（引自陈实功《外科正宗》或相关注家仲淳）。本不助相火，然而肾有火者，亦应慎用。
Datura. The Sanskrit term means "various colors." It grows in northern regions. It has a single stem growing straight upward, about four to five chi high. The stem is green, and the leaves are dark green; the leaf shape resembles that of an eggplant. In August, it flowers with six petals, larger than those of *Ipomoea nil* (Morning Glory), clustered at the stem's node, with leaves paired and wrapping around externally. It opens in the morning and closes at night. The fruit is round with angular protrusions, containing small seeds inside. Collect the fruits in September. (Cited from Li Shizhen)
Flowers and Seeds:
Taste: Acrid, Warm. Toxicity: Toxic. Indications: Treats various wind pathogens and cold-dampness causing jiaoxi (foot disease/gout). (Method: Decoct for washing). Mainly treats fright epilepsy. Treats rectal prolapse. Also used as an anesthetic. Legend has it that if this flower is picked while laughing and brewed into wine, drinking it causes laughter; if picked while dancing and brewed into wine, drinking it causes dancing. I have tried it myself. One must drink until half-drunk, and then have someone else laugh or dance nearby to enhance the effect.
Powdered form:
Two qian and half. Used for anger-induced mania.
[Discussion] When human qi and blood are imbalanced, and illness arises from the Seven Emotions (joy, anger, worry, thought, sadness, fear, shock), this substance may help shift or harmonize this state. This is why Li Shizhen advocates its use for treating fright epilepsy.
Also known as Mangcao. All families refer to it as grass, but *Bencao* classifies it under the Wood section. What is used in the world today are the woody leaves, similar to *Pyrularia edulis* (Stone Nan), which do not flower or bear fruit. The branches are hard; when dry, they twist and distort. (Pronounced like "chao," meaning entangled and disturbed). Rubbing it produces an odor resembling Sichuan pepper. Collect the leaves in the fifth and seventh months, shade-dry, and use. (Cited from Su Song)
Taste: Acrid, Bitter, Warm. Toxicity: Toxic. Indications: Mainly treats head wind swelling and sores, mastitis, hernia and mass accumulation. Treats wind ulcers, hernia, swelling,坠痛 (drooping pain), and coagulated blood stasis. Treats scrofula, removes damp-wind.
Medical usage: Grind with garlic.
Accidental ingestion harms humans and can be fatal.
Flame Grass. Commonly called Huangsi Cao, which is *Cuscuta chinensis* (Dodder), a Yang herb. After entering summer, seedlings emerge, initially like fine threads, spreading across the ground but unable to stand independently. They extend by clinging to other plants. Their roots gradually sever from the ground, parasitizing in the air. They have no leaves but have flowers, white with a slight red tint, and possess a penetrating fragrance. The fruits are fine like chaff, with those on the stems being particularly good. Produced in the woods of Huaimeng, it is excellent for medicinal use. Dodder that twines around herbs does not last long. If it clings to pine, cypress, or other trees, it spreads widely, weaving like warp and weft. Its roots may completely detach from the ground; its texture is very light and floating. Its fruits sometimes attach to tree crevices; the following year, it spits out threads everywhere without downward traction.
Taste: Acrid (the acrid flavor is strong, yet different from the acrid, aromatic, drying, and hot nature of typical acrid flavors), Sweet, Neutral. Enters the Qi level of the Foot Three Yin meridians. Various Bencao texts mainly record its ability to reconnect severed injuries and tonify deficiency. Suitable for both men and women.
(Note: The original text here is garbled, implying associations with Yin-Yang, Zi-Wu, Prepared Rehmannia Root (*Shu Di Huang*), turbid urine, Poria (*Fu Ling*), deficiency damage, scanty blood and dryness, waist soreness, and pill dosage methods.)
[Discussion] *Cuscuta*, in late spring and early summer, has qi that floats and grows, with vines twisting and extending, no longer needing to rely on root systems. Its fruits set in late summer, further aligning with Metal and Water qi. *Shennong Benjing* states it reconnects severed injuries and boosts qi strength. The ability to reconnect severed injuries relies not merely on floating qi but on true qi. And true qi never separates from true yin. Lei Gong stated that it inherits balanced harmony to condense correct yang qi. (One must know that correct yang qi originally cannot separate from yin. This is the mechanism of yin-yang mutual interaction, implying that without yin, yang cannot be stimulated; this is the fundamental principle of biological generation. Summer is precisely when heaven and earth qi intersect. Collecting fruits aligns with the growing qi and feels the flourishing beauty. From yin, it feels it; aligning with transformation qi, it returns to descending and gathering. Does heavenly yang qi descend through qi intersection to earthly yin? The lower half of the human body is yin, governed by the Kidney. *Cuscuta* returns to the descending and gathering yin, thus benefiting kidney qi. (Those who casually claim it benefits kidney qi by obtaining abundant yang qi are dreaming.) Generally, the Kidney taste transforms yin to benefit qi. If kidney yin is insufficient, it can further assist yin flavors to transform yang and benefit essence. (Transforming yin and transforming yang both refer to this.) *Bielu* mentions strengthening yin, and Zhen Quan mentions adding marrow and essence. Moreover, its taste shifts from acrid to sweet, coming from heavenly yang. Thus, its main indications are mostly in the Kidney. Regarding its benefit to Liver wind deficiency and Spleen qi, because returning to yin implies transforming yang to gain benefit, and Taiyin Spleen qi also borrows this yin-within-yang yang to transmit, transform, and transport. The Foot Three Yin meridians all originate from the Spleen; what is there to doubt?
If the Kidney house has much fire, and one has strong yang without flaccidity, it is contraindicated. Those with dry stool constipation should also avoid it. (Cited from Zhong Chun). It does not originally boost ministerial fire, however, those with fire in the Kidney should also use it with caution.
[Processing] Wash extremely clean with rice water, sun-dry slightly, pick out barnyard grass seeds, grind five or six times. Soak in wine for one day and night. For those parts that do not fully break down after pounding, soak again and wet-grind into powder.