近道皆有。其根黄白色。类牛膝而短小。八月采之。
气味苦寒平。乃阳明经药。主治暴中风。身热肢满。忽忽不知人。狂惑邪气。寒热酸疼。
疗温疟洗洗发作有时。及风温灼热多眠。伤中淋露。下水气。利阴气。方书治螈 虚烦。小
便不禁。温疟瘅疟。久而不解者。必属阴虚。除疟邪药中。多加白薇主之则易瘳。凡人阴气
不足。则能冬不能夏。更为暑邪所伤。秋来发疟。先热后寒曰温疟。或但热不寒为瘅疟。未
有不由阴精不守而得者。若果阴精内守。则暑不能侵。疟何自作。凡治似中风证除热药中。
亦宜加而用之。天行热病得愈。或愈后阴虚内热。及余热未除者。随证随经药中。宜加之。
风温发汗后。身体灼热。自汗壮实者。服葳蕤汤。（中用白薇）风温自汗出。脉阴阳俱浮。
身重多眠。鼻息必鼾。语言难出。此正风虚之证也。宜防己汤。防己为君。佐以参 术草生
姜治之。风虚昏愦。不自觉知。手足螈 。或为寒热。此证血虚不能服发汗药。独活汤主之。
白薇人参当归茯神远志桂心菖蒲川芎甘草以治风虚血虚。兼用半夏细辛羌独防风以除虚风。
肺实鼻塞。不知香臭。白薇贝母款冬花一两。百部二两。为末。每服一钱。米饮下。妇人产
中虚。烦乱呕逆。安中益气。竹皮丸主之。竹皮石膏三分。白薇桂枝一分。甘草七分。枣肉
为大丸。每以饮化一丸服。有热者倍白薇。此以甘草为主。而更丸以枣肉者。取责于本也。
有热则倍白薇。正欲其归阳于阴。以化阳分之邪。而作转关之用尔。产后胃弱不食。脉微。
多汗亡血。发厥郁冒等证。用白薇汤。白薇当归各六钱。人参半之。甘草又半之。妇人血厥。
平居无疾苦。忽如死人。目闭口噤。或微知人。眩冒移时方寤。（亦名郁冒）此因出汗过多。
血少。阳气独上。气塞不行。（故身如死）气过血还。阴阳复通。（故移时方寤）宜服白薇汤。
调经种子。用白薇为君。佐以地黄白芍当归苁蓉山萸杜仲白胶黄柏天麦冬丹参。蜜丸。久服
易孕。凡不孕缘于血少血热。其原必起于真阴不足。阳胜而内热。内热则荣血日枯。是以不
孕。益阴除热。则血自生旺矣。胎前遗尿。白薇散。用白薇白芍二味。等分服之。女子宫冷
不孕。有白薇丸二方。又胜金丸秦桂丸中俱用之。（可知别录大寒之说不信）
〔论〕白薇花于夏末。实于秋中。而采根即以八月。味苦咸平。盖取其由阳归阴之性味
以为用。本经言其气平足据也。别录利阴气一语。正于本经主治可作注脚。其治风证。举风
淫风虚而皆宜。如同于羌独防风石膏辈治风之淫。则葳蕤汤是。同于参 术草治风之虚。则
防己汤是也。大约能归阳于阴。以化阳分之邪。而作转关之用。观于血厥郁冒。病由出汗过
多。阳气独上。气塞不行。宜主白薇。则知归阳之义不妄也。
〔修治〕酒洗用。
在靠近道路的地方都有生长。它的根呈黄白色，形状像牛膝但更短小。八月时采集。
气味苦、寒、平，是入阳明经的药物。主治突然发作的中风，身体发热，四肢胀满，神情恍惚不知人事，狂乱迷惑及邪气侵袭，寒热酸痛。
治疗温疟（一种先寒后热或但热不寒的疟疾），发作时有定时；以及风温病导致的身体灼热、嗜睡。治疗中焦受损、淋沥露泄，下行水气，通利阴气。医书中记载治疗抽搐、虚烦、小便失禁、温疟、瘅疟（一种但热不寒的疟疾），如果久治不愈，必定属于阴虚。在治疗疟疾的药物中，多加白薇来主治，则容易痊愈。大凡人体阴气不足，就只能适应冬天而不能适应夏天，更容易被暑邪所伤，秋天发作疟疾。先发热后发冷叫温疟，或者只发热不发冷叫瘅疟，没有不是因为阴精不能固守而得的。如果确实阴精内守，那么暑邪就不能侵入，疟疾怎么会自行产生？凡是治疗类似中风证的药物中，在清热药里也适宜加入使用。天行热病（流行性热病）痊愈后，或者痊愈后出现阴虚内热，以及余热未清除的情况，根据证候和经络用药时，适宜加入白薇。风温病发汗后，身体灼热，自汗出且体质壮实者，服用葳蕤汤（方中含有白薇）。风温病自汗出，脉象寸关尺三部都浮，身体沉重，多嗜睡，呼吸必然有鼾声，语言困难，这正是风虚的证候。适宜用防己汤，以防己为君药，辅以人参、白术、甘草、生姜治疗。风虚导致的神志昏沉迷糊，意识不清，手足抽搐，或者出现寒热，这种证候血虚不能服用发汗药，独活汤主治它。白薇、人参、当归、茯神、远志、桂心、石菖蒲、川芎、甘草用来治疗风虚血虚。兼用半夏、细辛、羌活、独活、防风来祛除虚风。肺实导致鼻塞，不知香臭，用白薇、贝母、款冬花各一两，百部二两，研为末，每次服一钱，米汤送下。妇女生产中虚弱，烦乱呕逆，安中益气，用竹皮丸主治。竹皮、石膏各三分，白薇、桂枝各一分，甘草七分，枣肉制成大丸，每次用水化开一丸服用。有热者加倍使用白薇。这是以甘草为主药，而再用枣肉制丸，是为了取法于根本。有热就加倍白薇，正是想要让它引导阳气回归阴分，以化解阳分的邪气，起到转折关键的作用罢了。产后胃弱不想吃东西，脉微细，多汗亡血，发生厥逆、郁冒等证候，用白薇汤。白薇、当归各六钱，人参用量减半，甘草用量再减半。妇人血厥，平时没有病痛，忽然像死人一样，眼睛闭合，口噤不开，或者稍微有点知觉，眩晕昏冒过一段时间才苏醒。（也叫郁冒）这是因为出汗过多，血少，阳气独自上逆，气机堵塞不通。（所以身体像死了一样）气机过后血液回流，阴阳重新通畅。（所以过一段时间才苏醒）适宜服用白薇汤。调理月经、助孕，用白薇为君药，辅以地黄、白芍、当归、肉苁蓉、山茱萸、杜仲、阿胶、黄柏、天冬、麦冬、丹参，蜜丸，久服容易怀孕。大凡不孕源于血少血热，其根源一定起于真阴不足，阳胜而生内热，内热则营血日渐枯涸，所以不孕。滋补阴液清除内热，血液自然就会生旺了。胎前遗尿，用白薇散，用白薇、白芍两味药，等分服用。女子宫冷不孕，有白薇丸两个方子，又在胜金丸、秦桂丸中都使用了它。（由此可知《别录》说它大寒的说法不可信）
〔论述〕白薇花在夏末开放，果实结于秋中，而采集根部就在八月。味道苦、咸、平，大概是取其由阳归阴的性味作为功效。《本经》说它气平，足可依据。《别录》说的“利阴气”一句话，正好可以作为《本经》主治的注解。它治疗风证，举凡风淫之风虚都适宜。如同用羌活、独活、防风、石膏等治疗风之淫盛，那就是葳蕤汤；如同用人参、白术、甘草治疗风之虚损，那就是防己汤。大概能引导阳气回归阴分，以化解阳分的邪气，起到转折关键的作用。观察血厥郁冒，病因是出汗过多，阳气独自上逆，气机堵塞不通，适宜以白薇为主药，就知道“归阳”的含义不是妄言。
〔炮制〕用酒洗后使用。
It is found everywhere near the roads. Its root is yellowish-white, resembling *Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae* (Niuxi, 牛膝) but shorter and smaller. It is harvested in August.
The flavor is bitter, cold, and neutral; it enters the Yangming Meridian (Yangming Jing, 阳明经). It mainly treats sudden onset of wind-stroke, fever of the body, fullness of the limbs, mental confusion with loss of consciousness, mania, delirium, pathogenic qi invasion, alternating chills and fever, and soreness and pain.
It treats warm malaria (Wen Nue, 温疟), which occurs at regular intervals; and wind-warmth disease causing burning heat of the body and somnolence. It treats damage to the middle jiao, dripping and leakage, descends water qi, and benefits yin qi. Medical texts record its treatment for convulsions, deficiency vexation, and involuntary urination. For warm malaria and dan malaria (Dan Nue, 瘅疟 - a type of malaria with only fever and no chills) that persist for a long time without resolution, it must belong to yin deficiency. When adding herbs to treat malaria, adding much Baiwei (Cortex Cynanchi Atrati) as the main agent makes recovery easier. Generally, when human yin qi is insufficient, one can endure winter but not summer, and is more easily injured by summer-heat pathogen, leading to malaria in autumn. Fever first followed by chills is called warm malaria; or only fever without chills is called dan malaria. None arise without the failure of yin essence to guard internally. If yin essence truly guards internally, summer-heat cannot invade, and how could malaria arise spontaneously? In treating conditions resembling wind-stroke, it is also appropriate to add it to clearing-heat formulas. After recovery from epidemic heat diseases, or if yin deficiency with internal heat remains after recovery, or if residual heat has not been cleared, it should be added to formulas according to syndrome and meridian. After sweating for wind-warmth disease, if the body is burning hot, there is spontaneous sweating, and the constitution is robust, take Weirui Tang (Reed Rhizome Decoction) [which contains Baiwei]. If wind-warmth disease presents with spontaneous sweating, pulse floating in all three positions (cun, guan, chi), heavy body, excessive somnolence, snoring breath, and difficulty speaking, this is exactly the syndrome of wind-deficiency. Fangji Tang (Stephania Root Decoction) is suitable, using Fangji (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix) as the sovereign herb, assisted by Renshen (Ginseng), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Gancao (Licorice), and Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) to treat it. Wind-deficiency causing dizziness and confusion, unawareness of self, convulsions of hands and feet, or alternating chills and fever: this syndrome involves blood deficiency and cannot tolerate diaphoretic drugs; Duhuo Tang (Angelicae Pubescentis Root Decoction) governs it. Baiwei (Cortex Cynanchi Atrati), Renshen (Ginseng), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Fushen (Poria with Hostwood), Yuanzhi (Polygalae Radix), Guixin (Cinnamomi Ramulus), Shichangpu (Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), and Gancao (Licorice) are used to treat wind-deficiency and blood-deficiency. Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix), and Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) are used concurrently to dispel deficient wind. Lung excess causing nasal congestion and loss of smell of fragrances and odors: use Baiwei (Cortex Cynanchi Atrati), Beimu (Fritillariae Bulbus), Kuandonghua (Farfarae Flos) each 1 liang, and Baibu (Stemonae Radix) 2 liang, grind into powder, take 1 qian per dose, washed down with rice drink. Women experiencing deficiency during childbirth, with vexation, restlessness, nausea, and vomiting, to calm the middle and boost qi: Zhupi Wan (Bamboo Peel Pill) governs it. Zhupi (Bambusae Caulis in Taenia), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) each 3 fen; Baiwei (Cortex Cynanchi Atrati), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus) each 1 fen; Gancao (Licorice) 7 fen; made into large pills with date flesh. Dissolve one pill in water and take per dose. Increase Baiwei if there is heat. This uses Gancao (Licorice) as the primary agent, and forms pills with date flesh to seek the root. Increasing Baiwei for heat aims precisely to guide yang back to yin, to transform pathogens in the yang portion, and serve as a turning point. Postpartum weak stomach with anorexia, faint pulse, excessive sweating and blood loss, syncope, and depression/dizziness syndromes: Baiwei Tang (Baiwei Decoction) is used. Baiwei (Cortex Cynanchi Atrati) and Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) each 6 qian; Renshen (Ginseng) half that amount; Gancao (Licorice) half of Renshen's amount. Women's blood syncope: usually free of illness, suddenly appearing like a corpse, eyes closed, jaw clenched, or slightly conscious, dizzy and depressed for a while before waking up (also called Yu Mao, 郁冒). This is due to excessive sweating, low blood volume, and yang qi rising alone, blocking qi flow (thus body appears dead). After qi passes and blood returns, yin and yang reconnect (thus waking after a while). Taking Baiwei Tang is suitable. To regulate menstruation and promote conception, use Baiwei (Cortex Cynanchi Atrati) as the sovereign herb, assisted by Dihuang (Rehmanniae Radix), Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Rongrong (Cynomorii Herba), Shanzhuyu (Corni Fructus), Duzhong (Eucommiae Cortex), Ejiao (Asini Corii Colla), Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex), Tiandong (Asparagi Radix), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix), Danshen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), honey-made pills. Long-term use facilitates pregnancy. Generally, infertility stemming from blood deficiency and blood heat originates from true yin insufficiency, yang excess generating internal heat. Internal heat causes Ying blood to wither daily, hence infertility. Tonifying yin and clearing heat allows blood to naturally thrive. Premature urinary incontinence during pregnancy: Baiwei San (Baiwei Powder) is used, consisting of equal parts Baiwei (Cortex Cynanchi Atrati) and Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba). Cold uterus causing infertility in women: there are two formulas of Baiwei Wan (Baiwei Pills). They are also used in Shengjin Wan (Shengjin Pill) and Qin Gui Wan (Qingui Pill) [known these days as Qingpi Wan] (indicating that the statement in *Ben Cao Bie Lu* about its being extremely cold is unreliable).
[Discussion] Baiwei flowers in late summer and fruits in mid-autumn, while roots are harvested in August. The flavor is bitter, salty, and neutral. It likely takes advantage of its property and flavor of guiding yang back to yin for its application. *Ben Jing* stating its qi is neutral is sufficient evidence. The phrase "benefits yin qi" in *Bie Lu* serves as a commentary on the main indications in *Ben Jing*. It treats wind syndromes, suitable for both wind-pathogenic excess and wind-deficiency. Similar to using Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), and Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) to treat wind-excess, that is Weirui Tang (Reed Rhizome Decoction). Similar to using Renshen (Ginseng), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), and Gancao (Licorice) to treat wind-deficiency, that is Fangji Tang (Stephania Root Decoction). Generally, it can guide yang back to yin to transform pathogens in the yang portion and act as a pivotal turning point. Observing blood syncope and depression/dizziness, where the cause is excessive sweating, yang qi rising alone, and blocked qi flow, making Baiwei the main herb confirms that the meaning of "guiding yang" is not baseless.
[Processing] Wash with wine before use.