亦名慈石。生于有铁处。铁受太阳之气。其始一百五十年而成磁石。又二百年孕而成
铁。石中有孔。孔中有黄赤色。其上有细毛者。功用更胜。（颂） 一种元石。与磁石相似
而色较黑。不能吸铁。盖磁石生山之阴有铁处。元石生山之阳有铜处。形虽相似。性则不同。
味辛。气咸。微温。有小毒。气味俱浓。沉而降。阳中阴也。入足少阴兼入足厥阴经。
主养肾气。补男子肾虚风虚。强骨气。通关节。明目聪耳。治周痹风湿。肢节中痛。洗洗酸
消。又身强腰中不利。加而用之。止金创血。炼水饮之。亦令人有子。并疗小儿惊痫。不徒
养肾气。亦能填精髓。肾虚耳聋目昏者倚之。（宗 ） 得金水之气以生。色黑而入肾。故
治肾家诸病。一士子频病目。渐觉昏翳。用东垣羌活胜风汤加减与服。而磁朱佐之。两月遂
如故。盖磁石入肾。镇养真精。使神水不外移。朱砂入心。镇养心血。使邪火不上侵。而佐
以神曲。消化滞气。生熟并用。温养脾胃发生之气。方见千金神曲丸。（濒湖） 慈母。铁
子也。慈之 铁。互为嘘吸。无情之情。气相感召。所主诸证。皆以类推。亦属假借。（子
由）诸药石皆有毒。且不宜久服。独磁石性禀冲和。无猛悍之气。更有补肾益精之功。老人
耳聋。磁石一斤捣末。水淘去赤汁。绵裹之。猪肾一具细切。以水五升煮石。取二升。入肾。
下盐豉。作羹食之。米煮粥食亦可。阳事不起。磁石五升研。清酒渍二七日。每服三合。日
三夜一。小儿惊痫。磁石捣末。炼水饮之。金疮血出。磁石末敷之。止痛断血。
〔论〕 磁石孕二百年而成铁。则其生化之气所毕萃者金也。肾水之母气所独钟。而感
召特异。故能益肾之气以疗虚。（此石本坚贞之气。为铁之母。其益肾气。固有迥异于他味
者。是以虚劳方中有磁石丸。治肾痿消痹。肾气虚损者有肾沥散。以磁石为君。）即其上通
耳目之窍而益聪明。固可思矣。夫肾气阴中之阳也。肾气足是以更疗风虚。盖肾乃肝之化原。
肾
此乃肝肾气虚。风邪客于营卫之间。使气血不能周养故也。肝主项背与臂膊。肾主腰胯与脚
膝。此证乃肝气偏虚。宜专补肝补肾。鸡峰此说。不正与本经所指周痹风湿。肢节中痛。
不可持物。洗洗酸消者。相发明欤。别录消痈肿鼠 颈核。此皆通关节之所及。而其本由于
补肾虚风虚。如止补肾虚而不补风虚。则亦不能通关节以疗诸证矣。盖肝以肾为体。肾又以
肝为用也。总之磁石主治所以于肾气为切者。由其肾中母气。确有感召之精。能通于气血之
中耳。如止云重可去怯。不泛然而同诸石之用哉。
又按独孤滔云。磁石乃坚顽之物。无融化之气。止可假其气。不可服食。是以缪氏云。
用之渍酒。优于丸散。观磁石丸治精气虚极。乃以酒煮碎磁。良久。尝之酒有石味。将石拌
诸药。晒干。再拌。再晒。如此数次。务令石味入诸药中。和透。更以此酒搜和诸药为丸。
庶几得之。
〔辨治〕 能悬吸针虚连三四者佳。火 醋淬九次。细研水飞。或炼汁饮之。
又名慈石。生长在含有铁矿的地方。铁吸收了太阳之气，经过一百五十年形成磁石；再经过二百年孕育而成铁。（苏颂）有一种元石，与磁石相似但颜色较黑，不能吸铁。大概是因为磁石生长在山北有铁矿的地方，而元石生长在山南有铜矿的地方。形状虽然相似，药性却不同。味辛，气咸，微温，有小毒。气味都很浓厚，性质沉降，属于阳中之阴。入足少阴肾经，兼入足厥阴肝经。主要滋养肾气，补益男子肾虚及风虚，强健筋骨，通利关节，明目聪耳。治疗周痹风湿，肢体关节疼痛，身体酸软消瘦，以及身体僵硬、腰部活动不利等症状，加入方中使用。能止住金属创伤出血，炼成水剂服用，也能帮助生育。并治疗小儿惊痫。不仅滋养肾气，还能填补精髓，肾虚导致的耳聋目昏者可倚赖它。（陈藏器）磁石得金水之气而生，色黑入肾，所以治疗肾脏的各种疾病。有一位读书人频繁患眼病，逐渐觉得眼睛昏花有翳膜，用东垣的羌活胜风汤加减后服用，并以磁石和朱砂辅助，两个月后眼睛恢复如初。这是因为磁石入肾，镇守滋养真精，使神水不向外流失；朱砂入心，镇守滋养心血，使邪火不上侵；辅以神曲，消化滞气。生用和熟用并用，温养脾胃发生之气。此方见于《千金方》神曲丸。（李时珍）慈母是铁之子。慈石与铁，互相吸引，如同无情之物中蕴含的情意，气息相互感召。所主治的各种病症，都可以由此类推，这也属于一种比喻。（苏辙）各种药石都有毒性，且不宜长期服用，唯独磁石禀性冲和，没有猛烈悍戾之气，更有补肾益精的功效。老人耳聋，取磁石一斤捣碎成末，用水淘洗去掉红色汁液，用绵布包裹，取猪肾一个切细，用水五升煮磁石，取汁二升，放入猪肾，加入盐豉，做成羹食用。用米煮粥吃也可以。阳痿不起，取磁石五升研碎，用清酒浸泡二十七天，每次服用三合，每天三次，夜间一次。小儿惊痫，将磁石捣碎成末，炼成水剂服用。金属创伤出血，用磁石末外敷，可以止痛止血。
〔论述〕 磁石孕育二百年而成铁，那么其生化之气所汇聚的便是金。它是肾水之母气所独钟，感召作用特异，所以能益肾气以治疗虚证。（这块石头本具坚贞之气，为铁之母，其益肾气的作用，确实迥异于其他药物。因此在治疗虚劳的方剂中有磁石丸，治疗肾痿消痹；肾气虚损者有肾沥散，以磁石为君药。）即其上通耳目之窍而增进聪明，是可以思考明白的。肾气是阴中之阳，肾气充足所以更能治疗风虚。盖肾是肝的化源，肾气不足导致肝肾气虚，风邪客居于营卫之间，使得气血不能周身濡养。肝主项背与臂膊，肾主腰胯与脚膝。此证乃是肝气偏虚，应当专门补肝补肾。《鸡峰普济方》的这种说法，不正与本经所指出的周痹风湿、肢体关节疼痛、不可持物、身体酸软消瘦等症状相发明吗？《名医别录》记载能消除痈肿、鼠瘰颈核，这都是通利关节的作用，而其根本原因在于补肾虚和风虚。如果只补肾虚而不补风虚，就不能通利关节以治疗各种病症了。盖肝以肾为体，肾又以肝为用。总之，磁石的主治之所以切合肾气，是因为其肾中的母气，确有感召的精气，能够通达于气血之中罢了。如果说只是“重可去怯”，那就不会与普通石类药物混同使用了。
又按独孤滔说：磁石是坚硬顽劣之物，没有融化的气质，只能借用其气，不可服食。因此缪氏说：用它浸泡酒，优于制成丸散。观察磁石丸治疗精气极度虚弱，是用酒煮碎磁石很久，尝之酒有石头的味道，然后将石头拌入诸药中，晒干，再拌，再晒，如此数次，务必让石头的味道渗入诸药中，调和透彻，再用此酒调和诸药制成丸剂，这才得当。
Also known as Ci Shi (Cishi, Magnetite). It grows in places containing iron. Iron absorbs the Qi of the Sun; after one hundred and fifty years it becomes Cishi (Magnetite); after another two hundred years it is conceived into iron. The stone has pores; inside the pores there is yellow-red color, and those with fine hairs on top are more effective. (Song) There is a type of Yuan Shi (Yuan Stone), similar to Cishi but darker in color, which cannot attract iron. This is because Cishi grows on the shady side of mountains where iron exists, whereas Yuan Shi grows on the sunny side of mountains where copper exists. Although their shapes are similar, their natures differ. Flavor: Acrid (Xin). Qi: Salty (Xian). Slightly Warm. Slightly Toxic. Both flavor and Qi are strong. It sinks and descends, belonging to Yang within Yin. It enters the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian and concurrently the Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian. It primarily nourishes Kidney Qi, supplements Kidney deficiency and Wind deficiency in men, strengthens bone and Qi, unblocks joints, brightens the eyes, and sharpens hearing. It treats Zhou Bi (Generalized Bi Syndrome) and Wind-Dampness, pain in limbs and joints, sensation of cold and soreness leading to emaciation, as well as stiffness of the body and difficulty in moving the waist. It is added to formulas for use. It stops bleeding from metal wounds. When refined into water and drunk, it also promotes fertility. It treats pediatric convulsions and epilepsy. It not only nourishes Kidney Qi but also fills Essence and Marrow; it is relied upon for deafness and blurred vision due to Kidney deficiency. (Zong) It is born receiving the Qi of Metal and Water; its black color enters the Kidney, thus treating various diseases of the Kidney. A scholar frequently suffered from eye disease, gradually feeling his vision was dim and obscured. He took modified Qianghuo Shengfeng Tang (Notopterygium Decoction for Overcoming Wind) by Dongyuan, assisted by Cishi (Magnetite) and Zhusha (Cinnabar). After two months, his vision returned to normal. This is because Cishi enters the Kidney, stabilizing and nourishing True Jing (Essence), preventing Shen Shui (Spiritual Fluids) from leaking outward; Zhusha enters the Heart, stabilizing and nourishing Heart Blood, preventing pathogenic Fire from invading upward; assisted by Shen Qu (Medicated Leaven), it digests stagnant Qi. Raw and cooked forms are used together to warm and nourish the generating Qi of the Spleen and Stomach. This formula is found in Shenqu Wan (Medicated Leaven Pill) from Qianjin Fang. (Binhu) Ci Mu (Kind Mother) is the child of Iron. Ci Shi and Iron mutually inhale and exhale each other; this is affection between emotionless things, where Qi resonates and attracts. All the conditions it governs can be deduced by analogy; this also belongs to metaphorical usage. (Ziyou) All mineral medicines have toxicity and are not suitable for long-term consumption. Only Cishi possesses a balanced and mild nature, lacking fierce and harsh Qi, and has the merit of tonifying the Kidney and benefiting Essence. For elderly people with deafness: take one jin (500g) of Cishi, crush into powder, wash with water to remove red juice, wrap in silk. Take one pig kidney, cut finely. Boil the Cishi in five sheng (approx. 1 liter) of water until two sheng remain. Add the kidney, add salted soybeans, make into soup and eat. Cooking with rice porridge is also acceptable. For impotence: take five sheng of Cishi, grind, soak in clear wine for twenty-seven days. Take three he (approx. 60ml) per dose, three times daily and once at night. For pediatric convulsions and epilepsy: crush Cishi into powder, refine into water and drink. For metal wound bleeding: apply Cishi powder externally to stop pain and bleeding.
[Discussion] Cishi conceives into iron over two hundred years, meaning the Qi of generation and transformation it gathers is concentrated in Metal. It is uniquely favored by the mother Qi of Kidney Water, and its attraction is special, thus it can benefit Kidney Qi to treat deficiency. (This stone originally possesses firm and steadfast Qi, being the mother of Iron. Its ability to benefit Kidney Qi is indeed distinct from other substances. Therefore, in formulas for consumptive diseases, there is Cishi Wan; for Kidney Wei [impotence/weakness] and Xiao Bi [wasting-thirst bi syndrome], there is Shen Li San, using Cishi as the sovereign drug.) That it opens the orifices of the ears and eyes to enhance clarity and intelligence is understandable. Kidney Qi is Yang within Yin; sufficient Kidney Qi allows it to further treat Wind deficiency. The Kidney is the source of transformation for the Liver. Deficiency of Kidney Qi leads to deficiency of both Liver and Kidney Qi, allowing Wind Pathogen to lodge between Ying (Nutritive) and Wei (Defensive) levels, causing Qi and Blood to fail to nourish the whole body. The Liver governs the neck, back, arms, and shoulders; the Kidney governs the loins, hips, legs, and knees. This condition is due to partial deficiency of Liver Qi, so one should specifically tonify the Liver and Kidney. The theory in Jifeng Puji Fang aligns with the Ben Jing's description of Zhou Bi, Wind-Dampness, pain in limbs and joints, inability to hold objects, and sensation of cold and soreness leading to emaciation. Bie Lu records that it eliminates carbuncles, swellings, and scrofulous neck nodes. These are all effects of unblocking joints, but the root lies in tonifying Kidney deficiency and Wind deficiency. If one only tonifies Kidney deficiency without addressing Wind deficiency, one cannot unblock joints to treat these conditions. The Liver takes the Kidney as its substance, and the Kidney takes the Liver as its function. In summary, the reason Cishi's indications closely target Kidney Qi is that the mother Qi within the Kidney possesses specific attracting Jing (Essence), which can communicate through Qi and Blood. If it were merely stated that "heaviness can dispel fear," it would not be distinguished from the uses of other stones.
Furthermore, Dugu Tao stated: Cishi is a hard and stubborn substance, lacking melting Qi; one can only borrow its Qi, not ingest it. Therefore, Miao stated: soaking it in wine is superior to making pills and powders. Observing Cishi Wan for treating extreme deficiency of Essence and Qi, crushed Cishi is boiled in wine for a long time until the wine tastes like stone. Then the stone is mixed with other herbs, dried, mixed again, and dried again, several times, ensuring the stone's essence permeates the other herbs thoroughly. Finally, this wine is used to bind the herbs into pills, which is appropriate.
[Differentiation and Treatment] It is excellent if it can suspend and attract needles hanging loosely for three or four units. Calcine it with fire, quench in vinegar nine times, grind finely, and process by water levigation (Shui Fei), or refine into juice for drinking.