人参 白术（一钱三分） 茯苓 陈皮 浓朴（姜汁炒） 砂仁 苏子 桑皮（各六分） 当归（八分）
沉香 木香（各五分另磨水） 甘草（一钱）
上剂姜一片，枣二枚，水煎磨沉、木香调服。（《回春》）
理中汤，治寒喘。寒喘者，四肢逆冷，脉沉细也。
砂仁 干姜（炒） 苏子 浓朴（姜汁炒） 官桂 陈皮 甘草（炙各一钱） 沉香 木香（各五分水磨入）
上剂，姜三片，水煎磨沉、木香同服。若脉细手足冷，加附子。（同上）
清肺诸方 《广济》疗肺气痰上气急及咳方。
柴胡（五两） 五味子 橘皮 紫菀 贝母 杏仁（各三两） 麻黄（四两去节） 甘草（炙） 黄芩（各二两）
上九味细切，捣令极碎，每服取麦门冬一两去心，生姜半两切，竹叶一两半，以水二升五合，先煮麦门冬、
生姜、竹叶，有一升五合，内散二两，煎取一升二合，绞去滓，分二服，平旦空肚服之，一服日晚食消后服之，每日作
一剂。（《外台》）（按∶此方麻黄无亦可。）
深师疗卒急上气，胸心满，竹筱下气汤方。
生甘竹筱（一虎口） 石膏（一两） 生姜 橘皮（各三两） 甘草（三两炙）
上五味切，以水七升，煮竹筱取四升半，去滓内诸药，煮取二升，分二服。此方疗忽上气不止者，服两三剂瘥。
（同上）
初虞世云∶火喘，用白虎汤加栝蒌仁、枳壳、黄芩，神效。（《准绳》）
双玉散，治痰热而喘，痰涌如泉。
寒水石 石膏（各等分）
上为细末，煎人参汤调下三钱，食后服。（《保命集》）
加减泻白散方。（主治见后泻下方平气散下。）
知母 陈皮（去白各五钱） 桑白皮（一两） 桔梗 地骨皮（各五钱） 青皮（去白） 甘草（炙）
黄芩（各三钱）
上 咀，每服五钱，水二盏，煎至一盏，去渣温服食后，数服良愈。（《宝鉴》）（按∶此方本出《医学
发明》，今去五味子、人参、茯苓，加知母、桔梗、黄芩。又《伤寒广要》载有增损方，宜并考。）
均气八仙汤，哮喘气急而不得息者，宜用。
麻黄（二钱） 杏仁（二钱） 石膏（三钱） 桔梗（一钱） 片芩（二钱） 知母（二钱） 贝母（一钱用
北细辛三分煎汤拌炒二母） 生甘草（一钱）
上锉一剂，水煎温服。（《寿世》）
豁痰诸方 降气化痰汤，治因于痰者，喘则便有痰声。
紫苏子（炒捶碎一钱半） 前胡 半夏（汤泡） 茯苓 橘红 桑皮 杏仁（炒） 栝蒌仁（炒各一钱）
甘草（五分）
水二钟，姜三片，煎八分，食后服。（《统旨》）
三子养亲汤，治凡人年老形衰，苦痰气喘嗽胸满。
紫苏子 芥菜子 萝卜子
上各微炒，生绢或稀布小袋盛煮汤，可随甘旨饮啜，勿
煎。（《皆效方》）《韩氏医通》每剂不过三钱，不宜煎熬
太过，若大便索实者，临服加熟蜜少许。若冬寒，加生姜三
片。《济生全书》本方合导痰汤，亦名三子养亲汤。
哮喘久不止，不拘老小，一服即止，并治小儿奶哮。
石膏 半夏 栝蒌仁 陈皮 麻黄（各一钱五分） 枳实 杏仁（各一钱） 甘草（七分） 生姜（五片）
水煎热服。（《幼幼集成》）
治急下涎，半夏汤（案∶馆本作千缗汤）。
齐州半夏（七枚炮裂四破之） 皂角（去皮炙一寸半） 甘草（一寸） 生姜（两指大）
上同以水一碗，煮去半，顿服。沈兴宗待制，常病痰喘不得卧，人扶而坐数日矣。客有见之者曰∶我曾如此，
得药一服瘥，我以千缗酬之，谓之千缗汤，可试为之。兴宗得汤，一啜而愈。（《苏沈》）
治远年日近喘嗽。
皂角（不蛀者三大茎）
上一味，刮去黑皮，刀切开去子，每子仓内，入巴豆肉一粒，合就麻皮缚定，用生姜自然汁和蜜，涂令周匝，
漫火炙，又涂又炙，以焦黄为度，劈开去巴豆不用，以好明矾一两枯过，萆麻七个，姜汁和蜜涂炙前三味为末，
却以杏仁二两去皮尖研成膏，却与前药和匀，每服一钱，用柿子干炙过候冷，点药细嚼，临睡服。忌热毒鱼
鲞、油面酒米醋、煎 热毒等物。（《本事续集》）（按∶又治急中风，口开涎上欲垂死者，用江子、白矾瓦上
末，蜜丸鸡头大，每用一丸，良久吐痰立效，宜参。）
泻下诸方 治暴喘欲死方。
大黄（一两） 牵牛（二两炒）
上件为细末，每服二钱，蜜水调下立愈。治上热痰喘极效。若虚人肺虚胃冷者，不可用。（《中藏经》）
《宝鉴》
全真丸，治痰涎不利，涕唾稠粘，本方以皂角轻炒，水一大碗，浸一宿，入萝卜一两切片同熬，投药末丸。
己未岁初秋越三日，奉召至六盘山，至八月中，霖雨不止。时承上命治不邻吉歹元帅夫人，年逾五旬，身体
肥盛，因饮酒吃潼乳过度，遂病腹胀喘满，声闻户外，不得安卧，大小便涩滞，气口脉大两倍干人迎，关脉沉
缓而有力。予思霖雨之湿，饮食之热，湿热大盛，上攻于肺，神气躁乱，故为喘满。邪气盛则实，实者宜下之，
故制平气散以下之。
青皮（去白） 鸡心槟榔（各三钱） 大黄（七钱） 陈皮（去白五钱） 白牵牛（二两半生半炒取头末一半）
上为末，每服三钱，煎生姜汤一盏调下无时，一服减半，再服喘愈，止有胸膈不利，烦热口干，时时咳嗽，
以加减泻白散治之。（《宝鉴》）（泻白散见上）
治实喘方。气虚而喘者，不可服。
芫花（不以多少，米醋浸一宿，去醋，炒令焦黑，为细末。） 大麦面
上二味等分，和令极匀，以柳枝浓煎，酒调下立定。（《是斋》）《朱氏》名麦花散，每服一钱，柳枝煎
汤调服食后。
喘而服药不效者，利导之，宜神保丸。大便已溏者，不可用。（《要诀》）（按∶神保丸方出《苏沈良方》，
用木香、胡椒、巴豆、干蝎，详见《胁痛》。）
涌吐方法 丹溪云，哮者专主于痰，宜用吐法。亦有虚而不可吐者，必使薄滋味，不可纯用寒凉，必
兼散表。此深造病情者也。（《赤水》）
瓜蒂散，凡病 气塞不通者，此方三吐之。（《医方考》）
信州老兵女三岁，因食盐 过多，遂得 喘之疾，乳食不进。贫无可延医。一道人过门，见女病喘不止，教使求甜
瓜蒂七枚，研为粗末，用冷水半茶钟许调，澄取清汁，呷一小呷。如其说才饮竟，即吐痰涎若胶 状，胸次既宽，
喘亦定。次日再作，又服之随手愈。凡三进药，病根如扫。此药味极苦难吞咽，俗谚所谓甘瓜蒂苦，非虚言也。
（《医说》引《类编》）（《医史·张扩传》当涂郭祥正子，患嗽，肌骨如削，医多以为劳。扩曰∶是不足忧。
就坐饮以药，忽大吐，使视涎沫中当有物，视之得鱼骨，宿疾皆瘳。）
咸哮，喉中痰声不绝，以人参芦煎汤饮之，探吐。（《原病集》）
降气诸方 降气汤，定上气息鸣卒□（疑喘字）便欲绝者，入口气下，万金不传。
吴茱萸（三两） 桑根白皮（六两）
上 咀，分四处，每一以水二升，酒一升，煮三沸，取清汁，作三服，立验。每煮成入生姜汁一匙匕，煮一
沸为准。自神龙致仕孟伊芳阳传，云用无不效。（《元和纪用经》）（按∶此方本出《肘后》，生姜同煮，不用
汁。）《万安方》引《可用方》降气汤，治气虚喘促，及大病后虚喘，于本方加五味子。
息贲汤，治肺之积，在右胁下，大如覆杯，久久不愈，洒洒寒热，气逆喘咳，发为肺痈，其脉浮而毛。
半夏（汤洗七次） 吴茱萸（汤洗） 桂心（各二两半） 人参 甘草（炙） 桑白皮（炙） 葶苈（炒各一两半）
上为锉散，每服四钱，水一盏半，姜七片，枣两枚，煎七分，去滓食前服。（《三因》）（按∶此系于《千金》奔气汤，
加桑白、葶苈、枣者。）
四磨汤，治七情伤感，上气喘息，妨闷不食，或下养正丹尤佳。（《济生》）（按，四磨汤本出《卫生家宝》，用木香、
槟榔、沉香、乌药，今此方易木香以人参，不如原方为优。）
云岐云∶四七汤，治痰涎咽喉中上气喘逆，甚效。（《准绳》）（宜考《诸气》）
重坠诸方（宜与次款相参）养正丹，若气虚喘急，或发咳嗽，用生姜、生附各四钱，水二盏，煎至六分，
临熟入沉香少许，名沉附汤，调钟乳粉咽下。（《易简》）
若上盛下弱而喘促者，宜苏子降气汤吞黑锡丹。（《妇人良方》）（《兰台轨范》曰，黑锡丹，镇纳元气，
为治喘必备之药。）
虚劳喘嗽眩运方。
灵砂（一两研细） 人参 木香（各二钱半） 大香附（杵净） 大红川椒（去合口并子焙出汗各半两）
上细末，糕糊丸麻子大，每服二十丸，空心食前橘皮汤下。（川椒引气归元）（《直指》）
滋补诸方 治阴虚发喘，用苏子配六味地黄汤，加麦冬、知母。（《汇言》引陶仲林《枢要》）
飞畴治斡顺溪内子，患喘证月余，服破气宽胸豁痰清火等药不效，发表利水亦不应，其疾转急，稍动则喘难
休息。诊之六脉细数而面赤戴阳，用大剂六味地黄作汤，加青铅两许，一服而缓，二服而止。（《医通》）
东圃治一少年哮喘者，其性善怒，病发寒天，每用桂附八味地黄汤及黑锡丹而平。一次用之未效，加生铁落于
八味汤中，一剂而愈。又治一顿嗽痰甚者，即于桑、杏、枳、桔前、苏、陈、半汤剂中，加而用之，一服遂定。
（《药性纂要》）
灸法 有贵人久患喘，夜卧不得而起行，夏月亦衣夹背心。予知是膏肓病也，令灸膏肓而愈。亦有暴喘
者，予知是痰为梗，令细锉浓朴七、八钱重，以姜七片，水小碗，煎七分服，滓再煎服，不过数服愈。若不因痰
而喘者，当灸肺俞。凡有喘与哮者，为按肺俞无不酸疼，皆为谬刺肺俞，令灸而愈。亦有只谬刺不灸而愈，此病
有浅深也。舍弟登山，为雨所搏，一夕气闷几不救，见昆季必泣，有欲别之意。予疑其心悲，为刺百会不效，按
其肺俞，云其痛如锥刺，以火针微刺之即愈。因与人治哮喘，只谬肺俞，不谬他穴，惟按肺俞不痛酸者，然后点
其他穴云。（《资生经》）
灸法∶璇玑、气海、膻中、期门。背中骨节第七椎下穴，灸三壮，喘气立已，神效。（《景岳》）
纳之浊痰荡涤，虽为得法，又必于潜伏为援之处，断其根株，须用各家秘传诸穴灸法。（《时方妙用》）
人参、白术（一钱三分）、茯苓、陈皮、厚朴（用姜汁炒制）、砂仁、苏子、桑白皮（各六分）、当归（八分）、沉香、木香（各五分，另磨成水）、甘草（一钱）。
以上药材加生姜一片、大枣二枚，用水煎煮，将磨好的沉香、木香水调入药液中服用。（出自《回春》）
理中汤，治疗寒喘。所谓寒喘，是指四肢逆冷，脉象沉细的症状。
砂仁、干姜（炒制）、苏子、厚朴（用姜汁炒制）、官桂、陈皮、炙甘草（各一钱）、沉香、木香（各五分，用水磨入）。
以上药材，加生姜三片，用水煎煮，将磨好的沉香、木香水同服。如果脉象细弱、手足冰冷，加入附子。（同上）
清肺各类方剂：《广济》记载的治疗肺气上逆、痰多气急及咳嗽的方子。
柴胡（五两）、五味子、橘皮、紫菀、贝母、杏仁（各三两）、麻黄（四两，去节）、炙甘草、黄芩（各二两）。
以上九味药切碎，捣至极碎。每次服用取麦门冬一两（去心）、生姜半两（切碎）、竹叶一两半，用水二升五合，先煮麦门冬、生姜、竹叶，煮至一升五合时，加入药散二两，再煎取一升二合，过滤去渣，分两次服用。清晨空腹服第一次，晚上饭后药消后服第二次，每日制作一剂。（出自《外台》）（按语：此方中即使没有麻黄也可以。）
深师记载的治疗突发气急、胸膈心部胀满的竹筱下气汤方。
生甘竹筱（一把）、石膏（一两）、生姜、橘皮（各三两）、炙甘草（三两）。
以上五味药切碎，用水七升，先煮竹筱取四升半，去渣后加入其他药物，煮取二升，分两次服用。此方治疗突然气急不止者，服用两三剂即可痊愈。（同上）
初虞世说：火喘，使用白虎汤加栝蒌仁、枳壳、黄芩，效果神奇。（出自《准绳》）
双玉散，治疗痰热引起的喘息，痰涌如泉。
寒水石、石膏（各等分）。
以上研为细末，用人参汤调服三钱，饭后服用。（出自《保命集》）
加减泻白散方。（主治见后文泻下方平气散条下。）
知母、陈皮（去白，各五钱）、桑白皮（一两）、桔梗、地骨皮（各五钱）、青皮（去白）、炙甘草、黄芩（各三钱）。
以上切碎，每服五钱，用水二盏，煎至一盏，去渣温服，饭后服用，多次服用可痊愈。（出自《宝鉴》）（按语：此方本出自《医学发明》，今去掉五味子、人参、茯苓，加入知母、桔梗、黄芩。另外《伤寒广要》记载有增减方，宜一并考证。）
均气八仙汤，适用于哮喘气急且呼吸困难者。
麻黄（二钱）、杏仁（二钱）、石膏（三钱）、桔梗（一钱）、黄芩（二钱）、知母（二钱）、贝母（一钱，用北细辛三分煎汤拌炒两种贝母）、生甘草（一钱）。
以上锉为一剂，用水煎煮温服。（出自《寿世》）
豁痰各类方剂：降气化痰汤，治疗因痰引起的喘息，喘息时伴有痰声。
紫苏子（炒捶碎，一钱半）、前胡、半夏（汤泡）、茯苓、橘红、桑白皮、杏仁（炒）、炒栝蒌仁（各一钱）、甘草（五分）。
用水二钟，生姜三片，煎至八分，饭后服用。（出自《统旨》）
三子养亲汤，治疗凡人年老体衰，苦于痰多气喘、咳嗽、胸满。
紫苏子、芥菜子、萝卜子。
以上各微炒，用生绢或稀布小袋盛装煮汤，可根据口味随意饮用，不要煎煮。（出自《皆效方》）《韩氏医通》每剂不超过三钱，不宜煎煮太过，若大便干燥结实者，临服时加少许熟蜜。若遇冬季寒冷，加生姜三片。《济生全书》将此方与导痰汤合并，也名为三子养亲汤。
哮喘久治不愈，不论老少，一服即止，并治疗小儿奶哮。
石膏、半夏、栝蒌仁、陈皮、麻黄（各一钱五分）、枳实、杏仁（各一钱）、甘草（七分）、生姜（五片）。
用水煎煮热服。（出自《幼幼集成》）
治疗急下涎沫的半夏汤（案语：馆本作千缗汤）。
齐州半夏（七枚，炮裂破开四瓣）、皂角（去皮炙，一寸半）、甘草（一寸）、生姜（两指大）。
以上一同用水一碗，煮去一半，一次性服用。沈兴宗待制，常患痰喘不能卧病，被人扶着坐了好几天。客人见到他说：“我曾经也是这样，得了一种药，一服就痊愈了，我酬谢他千缗，这药叫千缗汤，你可以试试。”兴宗得到汤药，喝一次就好了。（出自《苏沈》）
治疗多年或近期发作的喘嗽。
皂角（无蛀虫的三大茎）。
以上一味药，刮去黑皮，用刀切开去子，在每个子仓内放入一粒巴豆肉，用麻皮绑紧，用生姜自然汁和蜜涂抹周围，在慢火上炙烤，涂一次炙一次，以焦黄为度，劈开去掉巴豆不用，用好明矾一两枯过，蓖麻子七个，用姜汁和蜜涂抹炙烤前三味药，研为细末，再用杏仁二两去皮尖研成膏，与前药混合均匀，每服一钱，用烤过的柿子干候冷，点药细嚼，临睡前服用。忌食热毒鱼鲞、油面酒米醋、煎炸热毒等物。（出自《本事续集》）（按语：又治疗急中风，口开流涎欲死者，用江子、白矾在瓦上研末，蜜丸如鸡头大，每用一丸，良久吐痰立效，宜参考。）
泻下各类方剂：治疗暴喘欲死的方子。
大黄（一两）、牵牛（二两，炒）。
以上研为细末，每服二钱，蜜水调下，立即痊愈。治疗上热痰喘极有效。如果是虚人、肺虚胃冷者，不可使用。（出自《中藏经》）《宝鉴》
全真丸，治疗痰涎不利，涕唾稠粘。本方用皂角轻炒，水一大碗，浸泡一夜，加入萝卜一两切片同熬，投入药末制成丸。
己未年初秋第三天，奉召前往六盘山，到八月中旬，连绵阴雨不停。当时承蒙上级命令治疗不邻吉歹元帅夫人，年过五十，身体肥胖，因饮酒吃潼乳过度，于是患病腹胀喘满，声音传到户外，不能安卧，大小便涩滞，气口脉比人迎脉大二倍，关脉沉缓而有力。我思考霖雨之湿，饮食之热，湿热大盛，上攻于肺，神气躁乱，所以出现喘满。邪气盛则为实证，实证应当用泻下法，所以我配制平气散来泻下。
青皮（去白）、鸡心槟榔（各三钱）、大黄（七钱）、陈皮（去白五钱）、白牵牛（二两半，生半炒取头末一半）。
以上研为末，每服三钱，煎生姜汤一盏调下，随时服用，一服减半，再服喘愈，仅余胸膈不利，烦热口干，时时咳嗽，用加减泻白散治疗。（出自《宝鉴》）（泻白散见上文）
治疗实喘方。气虚而喘者，不可服用。
芫花（不限多少，米醋浸泡一夜，去醋，炒令焦黑，为细末）、大麦面。
以上两味等分，混合均匀，用柳枝浓煎，酒调下，立即安定。（出自《是斋》）《朱氏》名为麦花散，每服一钱，柳枝煎汤调服，饭后。
喘而服药无效者，宜用利导法，适合用神保丸。大便已溏者，不可用。（出自《要诀》）（按语：神保丸方出自《苏沈良方》，用木香、胡椒、巴豆、干蝎，详见《胁痛》。）
涌吐方法：丹溪说，哮证专主于痰，宜用吐法。也有虚证不可吐者，必须饮食清淡，不可纯用寒凉，必须兼散表邪。这是深入探究病情的人说的。（出自《赤水》）
瓜蒂散，凡是病气塞不通者，此方可以催吐三次。（出自《医方考》）
信州老兵的女儿三岁，因食盐过多，于是得了喘疾，乳食不进。贫穷无法延请医生。一道人经过门口，见女孩喘不止，教她求甜瓜蒂七枚，研为粗末，用冷水半茶钟许调匀，澄清取清汁，呷一小口。照此说刚喝完，就吐出胶状痰涎，胸次宽舒，喘也定了。第二天再发，又服用随即痊愈。共进药三次，病根如扫。此药味极苦难吞咽，俗谚所谓“甘瓜蒂苦”，并非虚言。（出自《医说》引《类编》）（《医史·张扩传》当涂郭祥正之子，患咳嗽，肌骨如削，医生多认为是劳损。张扩说：“这不足为忧。”让他坐下服药，忽然大吐，让他看涎沫中有物，视之得到鱼骨，宿疾皆愈。）
咸哮，喉中痰声不绝，用人参芦煎汤饮之，探吐。（出自《原病集》）
降气各类方剂：降气汤，定上气息鸣卒然似喘欲绝者，使人气下行，价值万金且不传。
吴茱萸（三两）、桑根白皮（六两）。
以上切碎，分四处，每一处以水二升，酒一升，煮三沸，取清汁，分三次服用，立即见效。每煮成加入生姜汁一匙匕，煮一沸为准。自神龙年间致仕孟伊芳阳传来，说用无不效。（出自《元和纪用经》）（按语：此方本出自《肘后》，生姜同煮，不用汁。）《万安方》引《可用方》降气汤，治疗气虚喘促，及大病后虚喘，在本方加五味子。
息贲汤，治疗肺之积，在右胁下，大如覆杯，久久不愈，洒洒寒热，气逆喘咳，发为肺痈，其脉浮而毛。
半夏（汤洗七次）、吴茱萸（汤洗）、桂心（各二两半）、人参、炙甘草、炙桑白皮、炒葶苈（各一两半）。
以上锉散，每服四钱，水一盏半，姜七片，枣两枚，煎七分，去渣饭前服用。（出自《三因》）（按语：这是在《千金》奔气汤基础上，加桑白皮、葶苈、枣。）
四磨汤，治疗七情伤感，上气喘息，妨闷不食，或者配合养正丹服用更佳。（出自《济生》）（按语，四磨汤本出自《卫生家宝》，用木香、槟榔、沉香、乌药，今此方易木香以人参，不如原方优。）
云岐说：四七汤，治疗痰涎咽喉中上气喘逆，甚效。（出自《准绳》）（宜考《诸气》）
重坠各类方剂（宜与次款相参）：养正丹，若气虚喘急，或发咳嗽，用生姜、生附子各四钱，水二盏，煎至六分，临熟入沉香少许，名沉附汤，调钟乳粉咽下。（出自《易简》）
若上盛下弱而喘促者，宜用苏子降气汤吞黑锡丹。（出自《妇人良方》）（《兰台轨范》曰，黑锡丹，镇纳元气，为治喘必备之药。）
虚劳喘嗽眩运方。
灵砂（一两研细）、人参、木香（各二钱半）、大香附（杵净）、大红川椒（去合口并子焙出汗各半两）。
以上细末，糕糊丸麻子大，每服二十丸，空心食前橘皮汤下。（川椒引气归元）（出自《直指》）
滋补各类方剂：治疗阴虚发喘，用苏子配六味地黄汤，加麦冬、知母。（出自《汇言》引陶仲林《枢要》）
飞畴治疗斡顺溪内子，患喘证月余，服破气宽胸豁痰清火等药无效，发表利水也不应，其疾转急，稍动则喘难休息。诊之六脉细数而面赤戴阳，用大剂六味地黄作汤，加青铅两许，一服而缓，二服而止。（出自《医通》）
东圃治疗一少年哮喘者，其性善怒，病发寒天，每用桂附八味地黄汤及黑锡丹而平。一次用之未效，加生铁落于八味汤中，一剂而愈。又治一顿嗽痰甚者，即于桑、杏、枳、桔前、苏、陈、半汤剂中，加而用之，一服遂定。（出自《药性纂要》）
灸法：有贵人久患喘，夜卧不得而起行，夏月亦衣夹背心。我知道这是膏肓病，令灸膏肓穴而愈。也有暴喘者，我知道是痰为梗，令细锉厚朴七、八钱重，以姜七片，水小碗，煎七分服，滓再煎服，不过数服愈。若不因痰而喘者，当灸肺俞穴。凡有喘与哮者，按压肺俞无不酸疼，皆为谬刺肺俞，令灸而愈。也有只谬刺不灸而愈，此病有浅深也。舍弟登山，为雨所搏，一夕气闷几不救，见昆季必泣，有欲别之意。我疑其心悲，为刺百会不效，按其肺俞，云其痛如锥刺，以火针微刺之即愈。因与人治哮喘，只谬肺俞，不谬他穴，惟按肺俞不痛酸者，然后点其他穴云。（出自《资生经》）
灸法：璇玑、气海、膻中、期门。背中骨节第七椎下穴，灸三壮，喘气立已，神效。（出自《景岳》）
纳之浊痰荡涤，虽为得法，又必于潜伏为援之处，断其根株，须用各家秘传诸穴灸法。（出自《时方妙用》）
Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix), Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, 1 qian 3 fen), Fu Ling (Poria, 6 fen), Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, 6 fen), Hou Po (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, stir-fried with ginger juice, 6 fen), Sha Ren (Amomi Fructus, 6 fen), Su Zi (Perillae Fructus, 6 fen), Sang Bai Pi (Mori Cortex, 6 fen), Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 8 fen), Chen Xiang (Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum, 5 fen, ground into water separately), Mu Xiang (Aucklandiae Radix, 5 fen, ground into water separately), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 1 qian).
Add one slice of Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) and two dates to the above ingredients. Decoct in water, mix in the ground Chen Xiang and Mu Xiang water, and take orally. (From *Hui Chun*)
Li Zhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction) treats Cold Chuan (Wheezing due to Cold). Cold Chuan is characterized by cold extremities and a deep, fine pulse.
Sha Ren (Amomi Fructus), Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, stir-fried), Su Zi (Perillae Fructus), Hou Po (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, stir-fried with ginger juice), Guan Gui (Cinnamomi Cortex, specifically Cinnamomum cassia), Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Zhi Gan Cao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, each 1 qian), Chen Xiang (Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum, 5 fen, ground into water), Mu Xiang (Aucklandiae Radix, 5 fen, ground into water).
Decoct the above ingredients with three slices of Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) in water. Mix in the ground Chen Xiang and Mu Xiang water and take. If the pulse is fine and hands/feet are cold, add Fu Zi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata). (Same source)
Clear Lung Various Formulas: The formula from *Guang Ji* for treating Lung Qi rebellion, phlegm,急促 breathing, and cough.
Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix, 5 liang), Wu Wei Zi (Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus), Ju Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Zi Wan (Asteris Radix), Bei Mu (Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus), Xing Ren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, each 3 liang), Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba, de-stemmed, 4 liang), Zhi Gan Cao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix, each 2 liang).
Finely chop the above nine herbs and pound until very fine. For each dose, take Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogonis Radix, de-heartened, 1 liang), Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, sliced, 0.5 liang), and Zhu Ye (Phyllostachys Viridis Folium, 1.5 liang). Add 2 sheng 5 he of water. First decoct Mai Men Dong, Sheng Jiang, and Zhu Ye until 1 sheng 5 he remains. Add 2 liang of the herbal powder, decoct until 1 sheng 2 he remains. Strain to remove dregs. Divide into two doses. Take the first dose on an empty stomach in the morning, and the second dose after dinner when food has digested. Prepare one dose daily. (From *Waitai*) (Note: This formula works even without Ma Huang.)
Shen Shi's formula for sudden急促 Qi, chest and heart fullness: Zhu Xiao Xia Qi Tang (Bamboo Shoot Descending Qi Decoction).
Sheng Gan Zhu Xiao (Fresh Sweet Bamboo Shoots, one handful), Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 1 liang), Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens), Ju Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, each 3 liang), Zhi Gan Cao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 3 liang).
Chop the above five herbs. Add 7 sheng of water, decoct Zhu Xiao until 4.5 sheng remains. Remove dregs, add other herbs, decoct until 2 sheng remains. Divide into two doses. This formula treats sudden persistent急促 Qi; taking two or three doses leads to recovery. (Same source)
Chu Yushi said: For Fire Chuan (Wheezing due to Fire), use Bai Hu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) plus Gua Lou Ren (Trichosanthis Semen), Zhi Ke (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), and Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix). It is extremely effective. (From *Zhun Sheng*)
Shuang Yu San (Double Jade Powder) treats Phlegm-Heat Chuan where phlegm surges like a spring.
Han Shui Shi (Natron), Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum) in equal parts.
Pound into fine powder. Take 3 qian mixed with Ren Shen Tang (Ginseng Decoction) after meals. (From *Bao Ming Ji*)
Jia Jian Xie Bai San (Modified Draining White Powder). (For indications, see Ping Qi San under the following draining section.)
Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Qu Bai Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, white part removed, each 5 qian), Sang Bai Pi (Mori Cortex, 1 liang), Jie Geng (Platycodonis Radix), Di Gu Pi (Lycii Cortex, each 5 qian), Qing Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium viride, white part removed), Zhi Gan Cao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix, each 3 qian).
Chop roughly. Take 5 qian per dose with 2 zhan of water, decoct to 1 zhan. Strain and take warm after meals. Multiple doses lead to good recovery. (From *Bao Jian*) (Note: This formula originally comes from *Yi Xue Fa Ming*. Here, Wu Wei Zi, Ren Shen, and Fu Ling are removed, and Zhi Mu, Jie Geng, and Huang Qin are added. Also, *Shang Han Guang Yao* records modified versions; consult them together.)
Jun Qi Ba Xian Tang (Harmonizing Qi Eight Immortals Decoction) is suitable for asthma with急促 Qi and inability to breathe.
Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba, 2 qian), Xing Ren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, 2 qian), Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 3 qian), Jie Geng (Platycodonis Radix, 1 qian), Pian Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix, 2 qian), Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, 2 qian), Bei Mu (Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus, 1 qian, stir-fried with Northern Xi Xin (Asari Radix, 3 fen) decoction), Sheng Gan Cao (Raw Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 1 qian).
Chop into one dose. Decoct in water and take warm. (From *Shou Shi*)
Phlegm-Expelling Various Formulas: Jiang Qi Hua Tan Tang (Descending Qi and Transforming Phlegm Decoction) treats Chuan caused by phlegm, where phlegm sounds are present during wheezing.
Chao Chui Sui Su Zi (Stir-fried and crushed Perillae Fructus, 1.5 qian), Qian Hu (Peucedani Radix), Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, soaked in boiling water), Fu Ling (Poria), Ju Hong (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium rubrum), Sang Bai Pi (Mori Cortex), Chao Xing Ren (Stir-fried Armeniacae Semen Amarum), Chao Gua Lou Ren (Stir-fried Trichosanthis Semen, each 1 qian), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 5 fen).
Use 2 zhong of water and 3 slices of Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens). Decoct to 0.8 zhong. Take after meals. (From *Tong Zhi*)
San Zi Yang Qin Tang (Three Seeds Nourishing Parents Decoction) treats elderly people with weak constitutions suffering from phlegm,急促 breathing, cough, and chest fullness.
Zi Su Zi (Perillae Fructus), Jie Cai Zi (Brassicae Semenis), Luo Bo Zi (Raphani Fructus).
Lightly stir-fry each. Place in a small bag made of raw silk or thin cloth. Decoct in water. Drink as desired according to taste. Do not boil excessively. (From *Jie Xiao Fang*) *Han Shi Yi Tong* states each dose should not exceed 3 qian and should not be boiled too much. If stool is dry and hard, add a little cooked honey before taking. In winter cold, add 3 slices of Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens). *Ji Sheng Quan Shu* combines this formula with Dao Tan Tang, also named San Zi Yang Qin Tang.
For chronic asthma that does not stop, regardless of age, one dose stops it immediately. Also treats infantile milk asthma.
Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), Gua Lou Ren (Trichosanthis Semen), Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba, each 1.5 qian), Zhi Shi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), Xing Ren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, each 1 qian), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 7 fen), Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, 5 slices).
Decoct in water and take hot. (From *You You Ji Cheng*)
Ban Xia Tang (Pinellia Decoction) for urgently expelling saliva/phlegm (Manuscript version calls it Qian Min Tang).
Qi Zhou Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma from Qi Prefecture, 7 pieces, processed until cracked and split into four), Zao Jiao (Gleditsiae Fructus, skin removed, processed, 1.5 cun), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 1 cun), Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, size of two fingers).
Simmer together in one bowl of water until half remains. Take all at once. Shen Xingzong, a Dazhi official, often suffered from phlegm-Chuan unable to lie down, sitting upright supported by others for days. A visitor saw him and said, "I had this condition once. I got a medicine that cured me in one dose, and I rewarded him with a thousand strings of cash. It is called Qian Min Tang. You can try it." Xingzong obtained the decoction and was cured after one sip. (From *Su Shen*)
Treating long-standing or recent Chuan and cough.
Zao Jiao (Gleditsiae Fructus, non-worm-eaten, three large stems).
Scrape off the black skin of this single herb. Cut open with a knife and remove seeds. Insert one grain of Ba Dou (Crotonis Fructus) meat into each seed cavity. Tie tightly with hemp fiber. Coat thoroughly with natural juice of Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) mixed with honey. Roast over slow fire, coating and roasting repeatedly until scorched yellow. Split open and discard Ba Dou. Use 1 liang of well-quality Ming Fan (Alumen) calcined, and 7 Bi Ma Zi (Ricini Semen). Coat the above three herbs with ginger juice and honey, roast, then pound into powder. Grind 2 liang of Xing Ren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, peeled and de-husked) into a paste. Mix evenly with the powder. Take 1 qian per dose. Chew finely with a roasted dried persimmon cooled down. Take before bed. Avoid hot-toxic fish jerky, oily noodles, wine, rice vinegar, fried hot-toxic foods, etc. (From *Ben Shi Xu Ji*) (Note: Also treats acute wind-stroke with open mouth, flowing saliva, near death. Use Jiang Zi (Crotonis Fructus) and Bai Fan (Alumen) powdered on tile, honey-pilled to size of chicken head. One pill taken causes expectoration of phlegm with immediate effect. Consult.)
Draining Various Formulas: Formula for treating sudden severe Chuan nearing death.
Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 1 liang), Qian Niu (Pharbitidis Semen, 2 liang, stir-fried).
Pound into fine powder. Take 2 qian per dose, mixed with honey water. Immediate recovery. Extremely effective for upper heat phlegm-Chuan. Not for deficient persons, Lung deficiency, or cold Stomach. (From *Zhong Zang Jing*) *Bao Jian*
Quan Zhen Wan (Complete True Pill) treats obstructed phlegm-saliva, thick sticky sputum. Process this formula by lightly stir-frying Zao Jiao (Gleditsiae Fructus), soaking in one large bowl of water overnight, adding 1 liang of sliced Luobo (Raphani Radix), decocting together, then adding herbal powder to form pills.
In early autumn of the Jiwei year, on the third day, I was summoned to Liupan Mountain. By mid-August, continuous rain persisted. At the emperor's order, I treated the wife of Marshal Bu Lin Ji Dai, over fifty years old, obese. Due to excessive drinking and consumption of camel milk, she developed abdominal distension, Chuan, and fullness, audible outside the room, unable to lie down, with difficult urination and defecation. The Qi Kou pulse was twice as large as the Ren Ying pulse; the Guan pulse was deep, slow, and forceful. I reasoned that the dampness of rain and heat of diet caused excessive Damp-Heat attacking the Lung, disturbing the Spirit Qi, leading to Chuan and fullness. Excess pathogenic factors indicate excess syndrome; excess syndromes should be drained. Thus, I formulated Ping Qi San to drain it.
Qing Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium viride, white part removed), Ji Xin Bin Lang (Arecae Seed, heart-shaped, each 3 qian), Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 7 qian), Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, white part removed, 5 qian), Bai Qian Niu (Pharbitidis Semen, 2.5 liang, half raw half stir-fried, take the top powder half).
Pound into powder. Take 3 qian per dose, mixed with a zhan of Ginger Decoction, anytime. One dose reduces symptoms by half; a second dose cures Chuan. Only chest discomfort, irritability, heat, dry mouth, and occasional cough remained, treated with Jia Jian Xie Bai San. (From *Bao Jian*) (Xie Bai San seen above)
Formula for Excess Chuan. Not for those with Chuan due to Qi deficiency.
Yuan Hua (Genkwa Flos, amount unspecified, soak in rice vinegar overnight, remove vinegar, stir-fry until scorched black, pound into fine powder), Da Mai Mian (Hordeum Vulgare Flour).
Mix the above two ingredients equally and uniformly. Decoct Liu Zhi (Salix Twig) strongly, mix with wine, and take. Immediate stabilization. (From *Shi Zhai*) *Zhu Shi* names it Mai Hua San. Take 1 qian per dose, mixed with Liu Zhi decoction after meals.
For Chuan unresponsive to medication, use guiding/draining methods. Shen Bao Wan is suitable. Not for those with loose stools. (From *Yao Jue*) (Note: Shen Bao Wan formula comes from *Su Shen Liang Fang*, using Mu Xiang, Hu Jiao, Ba Dou, Gan Xie. See *Xie Tong* for details.)
Vomiting Methods: Danxi said, Asthma is primarily due to phlegm; vomiting method is appropriate. However, deficiency cases cannot be vomited. Diet must be bland; do not use purely cold-natured herbs; must combine with releasing the exterior. This shows deep understanding of pathology. (From *Chi Shui*)
Gua Di San (Melon Tip Powder) treats any disease where Qi is blocked and不通. This formula induces vomiting three times. (From *Yi Fang Kao*)
The daughter of an old soldier in Xinzhou, aged three, suffered from Chuan due to excessive salt intake, unable to eat or drink milk. Poor family could not afford a doctor. A Daoist passed by, saw the girl's persistent Chuan, and taught her to seek seven sweet Gua Di (Melon Tips). Pound into coarse powder. Mix with half a tea cup of cold water. Let settle, take clear juice, sip a small amount. Following instructions, upon finishing the drink, she vomited phlegm-saliva resembling glue. Chest felt wide, Chuan stopped. Relapsed next day, took again, recovered immediately. Three doses cleared the root cause. This medicine tastes extremely bitter and is hard to swallow. As the proverb says, "Sweet Melon Tip is Bitter," it is no empty talk. (From *Yi Shuo* citing *Lei Bian*) (*Yi Shi · Zhang Kuo Biography*: Guo Xiangzheng's son from Dangtu suffered cough, emaciated. Doctors thought it was Consumption. Zhang Kuo said, "Not worrying." Had him sit and drink medicine. Suddenly vomited greatly. Asked to view saliva foam, found a fish bone. Chronic illness cured.)
Xian Xiao (Salty Asthma), continuous phlegm sounds in throat. Decoct Ren Shen Lu (Ginseng Radix Stalk) in water and drink to induce vomiting. (From *Yuan Bing Ji*)
Descending Qi Various Formulas: Jiang Qi Tang (Descending Qi Decoction) stabilizes rebellious Qi, sudden wheezing/breathing sounds resembling Chuan nearing death, causing Qi to descend. Worth ten thousand gold, not transmitted.
Wu Zhu Yu (Evodiae Fructus, 3 liang), Sang Gen Bai Pi (Mori Radix Cortex, 6 liang).
Chop roughly. Divide into four portions. For each portion, add 2 sheng water and 1 sheng wine. Boil three times. Take clear juice. Divide into three doses. Immediate effect. After boiling, add one spoonful of Sheng Jiang Zhi (Ginger Juice). Boil one more time as standard. Transmitted from Meng Yifangyang who retired since Shennong era, claiming universal efficacy. (From *Yuan He Ji Yong Jing*) (Note: This formula originally from *Zhou Hou*, boils Sheng Jiang together, does not use juice only.) *Wan An Fang* cites *Ke Yong Fang* Jiang Qi Tang for Qi deficiency急促 breathing and post-illness deficiency Chuan, adding Wu Wei Zi to this base formula.
Xi Ben Tang (Accumulation Resting Decoction) treats Lung accumulation in right hypochondrium, size of inverted cup, persisting long-term, chills and fever, rebellious Qi, Chuan and cough, developing into Lung Abscess. Pulse is floating and hairy.
Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, washed seven times in boiling water), Wu Zhu Yu (Evodiae Fructus, washed in boiling water), Gui Xin (Cinnamomi Ramulus, each 2.5 liang), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix), Zhi Gan Cao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Zhi Sang Bai Pi (Prepared Mori Cortex), Chao Ting Li (Descurainiae Semen Lepidii et Lepidii Semen, each 1.5 liang).
Chop into coarse powder. Take 4 qian per dose with 1.5 zhan water, 7 slices Sheng Jiang, 2 dates. Decoct to 0.7 zhan. Strain and take before meals. (From *San Yin*) (Note: This is based on *Qian Jin* Ben Qi Tang, adding Sang Bai Pi, Ting Li, and dates.)
Si Mo Tang (Four Steaming Decoction) treats emotional injury, rebellious Qi急促 breathing, oppression, poor appetite. Taking Yang Zheng Dan is even better. (From *Ji Sheng*) (Note: Si Mo Tang originally from *Wei Sheng Jia Bao*, uses Mu Xiang, Bin Lang, Chen Xiang, Wu Yao. This version replaces Mu Xiang with Ren Shen, which is inferior to the original.)
Yun Qi said: Si Qi Tang treats phlegm-saliva in throat, rebellious急促 Qi, very effective. (From *Zhun Sheng*) (Consult *Zhu Qi*)
Heavy/Sinking Various Formulas (Refer to next section): Yang Zheng Dan. For Qi deficiency急促 breathing or cough, use 4 qian Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) and 4 qian Sheng Fu Zi (Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix). Add 2 zhan water, decoct to 0.6 zhan. Before completion, add a little Chen Xiang (Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum). Named Chen Fu Tang. Mix with Zhong Ru Fen (Hematitum Powder) and swallow. (From *Yi Jian*)
For Chuan急促 with Upper Excess and Lower Deficiency, use Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang (Perilla Descending Qi Decoction) to swallow Hei Xi Dan (Black Tin Pill). (From *Fu Ren Liang Fang*) (*Lan Tai Gui Fan* says: Hei Xi Dan anchors and gathers Yuan Qi, essential for treating Chuan.)
Xu Lao Chuan Sou Xuan Yun Formula (Deficiency Consumption Chuan, Cough, Vertigo).
Ling Sha (Cinnabaris et Argentum Sublimatum, 1 liang, finely pounded), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix), Mu Xiang (Aucklandiae Radix, each 2.5 qian), Da Xiang Fu (Cyperi Rhizoma, pounded clean), Da Hong Chuan Jiao (Sichuan Pepper, remove stem and seeds, bake until sweat appears, each 0.5 liang).
Pound into fine powder. Make pills with steamed cake paste, size of hemp seed. Take 20 pills per dose with Chen Pi Tang (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Decoction) on empty stomach before meals. (Chuan Jiao guides Qi back to origin.) (From *Zhi Zhi*)
Nourishing/Tonic Various Formulas: For Chuan due to Yin deficiency, use Su Zi (Perillae Fructus) combined with Liu Wei Di Huang Tang (Six-Ingredient Rehmannia Decoction), add Mai Dong (Ophiopogonis Radix) and Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma). (From *Hui Yan* citing Tao Zhonglin *Shu Yao*)
Fei Chou treated the wife of Wo Shunxi, who suffered Chuan for over a month. Medications for breaking Qi, widening chest, expelling phlegm, clearing fire were ineffective. Releasing exterior and promoting urination also failed. Condition worsened; slight movement caused exhausting Chuan. Pulse six positions fine and rapid, face red with floating yang (Dai Yang). Used large dose of Liu Wei Di Huang Tang as decoction, added approx. 1 liang of Qing Qian (Galena). One dose relieved, two doses stopped. (From *Yi Tong*)
Dong Pu treated a young man with asthma. He had a angry temperament. Illness flared in cold weather. Usually stabilized with Gui Fu Ba Wei Di Huang Tang (Cinnamon and Aconite Eight-Ingredient Rehmannia Decoction) and Hei Xi Dan (Black Tin Pill). Once ineffective, added Sheng Tie Luo (Native Iron) to Ba Wei Tang. One dose cured. Also treated severe sudden cough with phlegm. Added to Sang, Xing, Zhi, Jie, Qian, Su, Chen, Ban herbal decoctions. One dose settled it. (From *Yao Xing Zuan Yao*)
Moxibustion Method: A nobleman suffered chronic Chuan, could not sleep at night, had to walk. Even in summer wore a padded vest. I knew this was Gao Huang disease. Ordered moxibustion on Gao Huang points. Cured. Also acute Chuan cases, I knew caused by phlegm obstruction. Ordered finely chopped Hou Po (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, 7-8 qian) with 7 slices Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens), small bowl of water, decoct to 0.7. Take. Decoct dregs again. Few doses cure. If Chuan not due to phlegm, moxa Fei Shu (BL13). For all Chuan and Xiao (Asthma), pressing Fei Shu causes soreness/pain. Pricking Fei Shu incorrectly and then moxa cures. Some cured by incorrect pricking alone without moxa; disease depth varies. My younger brother climbed mountain, struck by rain, suffocated one night, nearly died. Wept seeing brothers, seemed to say goodbye. Suspected heart sorrow. Pricked Bai Hui (GV20) ineffective. Pressed Fei Shu, pain like needle prick. Micro-pricked with fire needle. Immediately cured. When treating asthma, only prick Fei Shu, not other points. Only if Fei Shu is not painful/sore when pressed, then select other points. (From *Zi Sheng Jing*)
Moxibustion Points: Xuan Ji (CV15), Qi Hai (CV6), Dan Zhong (CV17), Qi Men (LR14). Point below spinous process of 7th thoracic vertebra on back. Moxa 3 zhuang. Chuan Qi stops immediately. Divine effect. (From *Jing Yue*)
Expelling turbid phlegm, though correct method, must also cut off root cause where pathogens hide. Must use secret acupoint moxibustion methods from various schools. (From *Shi Fang Miao Yong*)