源候（鼾眠）嗜眠者，由人有肠胃大、皮肤涩者，则令分肉不开解，其气行则于阴而迟留，其阳气不
精，神明爽昏塞，故令嗜眠。（《病源论》）
鼾眠者，眠里喉咽间有声也。人喉咙气上下也，气血若调，虽寤寐不妨宣畅。气有不和，则冲击喉咽而作
声也。其有肥人眠作声者，但肥人气血沉浓，迫隘喉间，涩而不利，亦作声。（同上）
夫胆热多睡者，由荣卫气涩，阴阳不和，胸膈多痰，脏腑壅滞，致使精神昏浊，昼夜耽眠，此皆积热不除，
肝胆气实，故令多睡也。（《圣惠》）
胆热多睡者，胆腑清净，决断所自出，今肝胆俱实，荣卫壅塞，则清净者浊而扰，故精神昏愦，常欲寝卧
也。（《圣济》）
证治 热病愈后，阴气得复，必恬睡，醒则清爽，与热证昏睡、醒亦沉迷者不同。食入则困倦欲睡者，
脾弱不能即运，不运则静矣，静故欲睡也，六君加麦芽、山楂、神曲之类。（《医碥》）
治方 治胆腑实热，精神不守（《圣济》此有“昏困多睡”字），泻热，半夏千里流水汤方。
半夏 宿姜（各三两）（按照别方亦即生姜。） 生地黄（五两） 酸枣仁（五合） 黄芩（一两） 远志
茯苓（各二两） 秫米（一升）
上八味 咀，以长流水五斗，煮秫米令蟹目沸，扬之三千遍，澄清取九升，煮药取三升半，分三服。（《千
金》）
镇心省睡益智方。
远志（五十两去心） 益智子 菖蒲（各八分）
上三味捣筛为散，以淳糯米酒，服方寸匕，一百日有效。（《千金翼》按∶又止睡方，有龙骨、虎骨、龟
甲为散。治多睡方，有麻黄、白术、甘草为散服。又《圣惠》有泻热镇心诸方。今并不录，宜阅）
治胆风毒瓦斯，虚实不调，昏沉睡多，宜服酸枣仁散。
酸枣仁（一两睡多生用） 金腊茶（二两以生姜汁涂炙令微焦）
上件药二味，各根据法修制了，捣罗为散，每服二钱，水一盏，煎至六分，温服不计时候。（《济众方》）
（按∶《本草》曰∶《五代史》后唐刊石药验云∶酸枣仁，睡多生使，
不得睡炒熟。）
《诸病源候论》记载：嗜睡症，是因为人的肠胃较大、皮肤干燥粗糙，导致肌肉腠理闭塞不通，卫气运行迟缓并滞留于阴分，阳气不够充沛，神明被昏浊之气蒙蔽，所以使人产生嗜睡的倾向。
鼾眠，是指在睡眠时喉咙间发出声响。人的喉咙是气息上下通行的通道，如果气血调和，无论是清醒还是睡眠，气息都能通畅无阻。如果气机不和，气流冲击喉咙和咽部就会发出声音。那些肥胖的人睡觉打呼噜，只是因为肥人气血沉厚浓浊，压迫狭窄的喉间，使气道涩滞而不顺畅，因此也会发出声响。（同上书）
胆热导致的嗜睡，是由于营卫之气涩滞，阴阳失调，胸膈部位痰多，脏腑壅塞阻滞，致使精神昏沉浑浊，白天黑夜都贪睡，这都是因为积热未除，肝胆气实，所以导致多睡。（《太平圣惠方》）
胆热导致的多睡，是因为胆腑本应清净，是决断功能产生的根源，如今肝胆俱实，营卫壅塞，使得原本清净的状态变得浑浊而受干扰，因此精神昏乱，经常想要躺卧睡觉。（《圣济总录》）
【证治】热病痊愈后，阴气得以恢复，必然会出现安静嗜睡的情况，醒来后神志清爽，这与热证引起的昏睡、醒来也依然沉迷不清醒是不同的。进食后就感到困倦想睡，是因为脾气虚弱不能立即运化食物，不运化则气机静止，静止故而产生睡意，可用六君子汤加入麦芽、山楂、神曲等药物。（《医碥》）
【治方】治疗胆腑实热，精神不能守舍（《圣济总录》此处有“昏困多睡”字样），以泻热为主，半夏千里流水汤方。
半夏、宿姜（各三两）（按照其他方剂，宿姜即生姜）、生地黄（五两）、酸枣仁（五合）、黄芩（一两）、远志、茯苓（各二两）、秫米（一升）。
以上八味药，切碎，用长流水五斗，先煮秫米至像蟹眼一样沸腾，扬水三千遍，澄清后取九升汁液，再放入药物煎煮，取汁三升半，分三次服用。（《千金要方》）
镇心省睡益智方。
远志（五十两，去心）、益智子、菖蒲（各八分）。
以上三味药捣碎过筛成散剂，用纯正糯米酒送服一方寸匕，服用一百天可见效。（《千金翼方》按语：又有止睡方，含有龙骨、虎骨、龟甲研为散剂。治疗多睡方，含有麻黄、白术、甘草研为散剂服用。另外《太平圣惠方》也有泻热镇心的各种方剂，现在都不收录，建议查阅。）
治疗胆中风毒瓦斯，虚实不调，昏沉睡多，适宜服用酸枣仁散。
酸枣仁（一两，嗜睡者生用）、金腊茶（二两，用生姜汁涂抹炙烤至微焦）。
上述两种药材，各自按规定炮制处理后，捣碎过筛成散剂，每次服用二钱，用水一盏，煎至六分，温服，不拘泥于具体时间。（《济众方》）
（按语：《本草纲目》记载：《五代史》后唐刊石药验云：酸枣仁，嗜睡者生用，不得入睡者炒熟。）
*Zhubing Yuanhou Lun* records: Somnolence (excessive sleepiness) occurs when a person has large intestines and stomach, and dry, rough skin. This causes the muscle layers and interstices to remain closed and unopened, leading to the sluggish retention of Qi in the Yin aspect. When Yang Qi is not sufficient and the Shen (Spirit) is obscured by turbidness, it results in a tendency toward somnolence.
Snoring sleep refers to the sound produced in the throat during sleep. The throat is the passage for the ascent and descent of Qi. If Qi and Blood are harmonious, breathing remains smooth whether awake or asleep. If Qi mechanism is disharmonious, the rushing of Qi impacts the throat and pharynx, producing sound. In obese individuals who snore during sleep, it is because their Qi and Blood are deep, heavy, and dense, compressing the narrow throat passage, causing obstruction and lack of smooth flow, thus producing sound. (Ibid.)
Somnolence caused by Gallbladder Heat arises from stagnant Ying (Nutritive) and Wei (Defensive) Qi, disharmony of Yin and Yang, excessive phlegm in the chest and diaphragm, and stagnation in the Zang-Fu organs. This leads to mental confusion and turbidity, causing one to be sleepy day and night. These conditions are due to accumulated heat that has not been cleared, resulting in excess Qi in the Liver and Gallbladder, hence the excessive sleep. (*Taiping Shenghui Fang*)
Somnolence caused by Gallbladder Heat occurs because the Gallbladder should be pure and clear, serving as the source of decision-making. Now, with both Liver and Gallbladder in a state of excess and Ying/Wei Qi obstructed, the purity becomes turbid and disturbed, leading to mental confusion and a constant desire to lie down and sleep. (*Shengji Zonglu*)
[Diagnosis and Treatment] After the recovery from a febrile disease, if Yin Qi recovers, there will inevitably be quiet somnolence; upon waking, the mind is clear. This differs from the coma-like sleep caused by heat syndromes, where the patient remains dazed even after waking. Feeling sleepy and fatigued after eating indicates Spleen deficiency unable to transport immediately; lack of transport leads to stillness, and stillness induces sleep. One may use Liu Jun Zi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction) added with Mai Ya (Sprouted Hordeum Fruit), Shan Zha (Hawthorn Fruit), and Shen Qu (Medicated Leaven). (*Yi Que*)
[Prescriptions] To treat Gallbladder Fu-organ Excess Heat, where the Spirit cannot hold fast (the *Shengji Zonglu* adds "drowsy and sleepy"), clearing heat is the method. Formula: Ban Xia Qian Li Liu Shui Tang (Pinellia Long-Flowing Water Decoction).
Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum), Su Jiang (Old Ginger, equivalent to Sheng Jiang/Fresh Ginger in other formulas) (each 3 liang), Sheng Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix) (5 liang), Suan Zao Ren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen) (5 he), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix), Yuan Zhi (Polygalae Radix), Fu Ling (Poria) (each 2 liang), Shu Mi (Sorghum Vulgare Fructus) (1 sheng).
The above eight ingredients are cut into pieces. Use 5 dou of long-flowing water. First boil the Shu Mi until it boils like crab eyes, stir and lift the water three thousand times, clarify, and take 9 sheng of the liquid. Then decoct the herbs in this liquid to obtain 3.5 sheng. Divide into three doses. (*Qian Jin Yao Fang*)
Zhen Xin Xing Shui Yi Zhi Fang (Heart-Calming, Sleep-Reducing, and Wisdom-Enhancing Powder).
Yuan Zhi (Polygalae Radix) (50 liang, heart removed), Yi Zhi Zi (Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus), Chang Pu (Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma) (each 8 fen).
The above three ingredients are pounded and sifted into a powder. Take one fang cun bi (a measure approx. 1 cubic inch) with pure glutinous rice wine. Effective after 100 days of administration. (*Qian Jin Yi Fang* Note: There is also a formula to stop sleep containing Long Gu (Fossilized Bones), Hu Gu (Tiger Bone), and Gui Jia (Tortoise Shell) powdered. A formula for treating somnolence contains Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba), Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), and Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) powdered. Additionally, *Taiping Shenghui Fang* contains various heat-clearing and heart-calming formulas. These are not recorded here; please consult them.)
To treat Wind-Toxin in the Gallbladder, with irregularities of deficiency and excess, leading to drowsiness and excessive sleep, Suan Zao Ren San (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen Powder) is suitable.
Suan Zao Ren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen) (1 liang, raw for excessive sleep), Jin La Cha (Tea Leaves processed with ginger juice and roasted) (2 liang, coated with fresh ginger juice and roasted until slightly charred).
The above two medicines are prepared according to standard methods, pounded and sifted into a powder. Take 2 qian per dose, decoct with one zhan of water until reduced to 6 fen, and take warm at any time. (*Jizhong Fang*)
(Note: *Bencao Gangmu* states: According to the Stone Inscriptions of Medicinal Efficacy from Later Tang in the Five Dynasties period: For Suan Zao Ren, use raw for excessive sleep, and roasted for inability to sleep.)