猛以济宽，随事制度，使宽猛得所，定之于心，口不能言也。又庸医或令吃栝蒌粉，往往经服之都无一效。又每
至椹熟之时，取烂美者，水淘去浮者， 之，下候心胸间气为度，此亦甚佳。生牛乳暖如人体，渴即细细呷之亦
佳。（《外台》引《近效》李朗中论）
消渴虽有数者之不同，其为病之肇端，则皆膏粱肥甘之变，酒色劳伤之过，皆富贵人病之，而贫贱者鲜有也。
凡初觉燥渴，盒饭清心寡欲，薄滋味，减思虑，则治可瘳。若有一毫不谨，纵有名医良剂，必不能有生矣。（《医统》）
此患大忌怒气、用心、椒面、浓味，至于流注痈毒，冷伤呕胀不食者，不治。（《心统》）
强中病者，茎长兴盛不痿，精液自出，是由少服五石，五石热住于肾中，下焦虚。少壮之时，血气尚丰，能
制于五石。及至年衰，血气减少，肾虚不复能制精液。若精液竭，则诸病生矣。（《病源论》）
玉茎硬不痿，精流无歇，时时如针状者，捏之则脆碎，此为肾满漏疾。治用韭子、破故纸各一两为末，每服
三钱，水一盏，煎至六分，每日三次，愈即住服。（《鸡峰》）（按∶《本草纲目》引夏子益《奇疾方》，肾满
作肾滞。）
强中多因耽嗜色欲，及快意饮食，或服丹石，真气既
脱，药气阴发，致烦渴引水，饮食倍常，阴气常兴，不交精出，故中焦虚热注于下焦，三消之中最为难治。（《得效》）
（按∶消渴、强中盖是别证，此说可疑。）
强阳不倒，属命门火实，孤阳无阴所致，此证多不治。忌补气、温、热，宜苦寒、甘寒、咸寒。（《本草经疏》）
强阳不倒，此虚火炎上，而肺金之气不能下行故尔。若用黄柏、知母二味，煎汤饮之，立时消散。（《石室》）
强中，有肝火盛强，有金石性发。其证茎盛不衰，精出不止，多发消渴痈疽。若因下焦伏火，宜用知母、生地、麦
冬、黄芩、黑参、甜桔梗、黄连、栝蒌根、地骨皮、石膏、生甘草、大豆、猪肾之类，以解毒为主。若因肾虚肝热，宜
用熟地、龟板、丹皮、茯苓、黑参、沙参、天冬、麦冬、泽泻、五味之类，以补阴为主。（《医通》）
用严厉的手段来补救宽缓的政策，根据具体情况制定制度，使宽严适度，这需要在心中确立原则，难以用言语完全表达。另外，平庸的医生有时让患者食用栝蒌粉，往往长期服用却毫无疗效。又每当桑葚成熟时，选取腐烂美味的桑葚，用水淘洗去掉浮起的杂质，蒸熟后，等到感觉心胸间有气感为度，这种方法也非常好。生牛乳加热至接近人体温度，口渴时细细啜饮也很好。（《外台秘要》引《近效方》李朗中论述）
消渴病虽然有多种不同表现，但其发病的起因，都是由于膏粱肥甘饮食的变化，以及酒色过度、劳损伤身的过错所致。这些病症多见于富贵之人，而贫贱者很少得病。凡是刚开始感到燥渴时，应当清心寡欲，饮食清淡，减少思虑，那么疾病就可以治愈。如果有一丝毫的不谨慎，即使有名医和良方，也必然无法挽救生命。（《医统》）
此病的大忌是发怒、用心过度、食用椒面及浓味食物，至于出现流注痈毒，或因冷伤导致呕吐腹胀不能进食的情况，属于不治之症。（《心统》）
强中病患者，阴茎常处于勃起状态而不痿软，精液自行流出，这是由于年轻时服用五石散，五石的火热之气滞留于肾中，导致下焦虚损。在年少壮实之时，气血尚且充沛，能够制约五石的药性。等到年老体衰，气血减少，肾虚之后便不能再控制精液的排泄。如果精液枯竭，各种疾病就会产生。（《诸病源候论》）
阴茎坚硬不痿，精液流出无休止，时常感觉像针刺一样，捏压时感觉脆碎，这是肾满漏疾。治疗使用韭子、破故纸各一两研成粉末，每次服用三钱，加水一盏，煎至六分，每日三次，痊愈即停止服用。（《鸡峰普济方》）（按：《本草纲目》引夏子益《奇疾方》，将“肾满”作“肾滞”。）
强中病多因沉溺于色欲，以及追求美味饮食，或服用丹石类药物，导致真气已经脱失，药气阴发，致使烦渴想喝水，饮食量加倍，阴气常兴奋，未行房事而精液自出，因此中焦虚热注于下焦，在三消病中最为难治。（《证治准绳·杂病·得效方》）
（按：消渴与强中大概是不同的证候，这种说法值得怀疑。）
强阳不倒，属于命门火实，孤阳无阴所致，此证大多难以治愈。忌讳补气、温补、热性药物，适宜使用苦寒、甘寒、咸寒的药物。（《本草经疏》）
强阳不倒，这是虚火炎上，而肺金之气不能下行所致。如果使用黄柏、知母两味药，煎汤饮用，症状会立即消散。（《石室秘录》）
强中病，有的因肝火盛强，有的因金石药性发作。其症状为阴茎盛大不衰，精液流出不止，多并发消渴、痈疽。如果是由于下焦伏火引起，适宜使用知母、生地、麦冬、黄芩、黑参、甜桔梗、黄连、栝蒌根、地骨皮、石膏、生甘草、大豆、猪肾等药物，以解毒为主。如果是由于肾虚肝热引起，适宜使用熟地、龟板、丹皮、茯苓、黑参、沙参、天冬、麦冬、泽泻、五味子等药物，以补阴为主。（《医学入门·医通》）
Using strict measures to remedy leniency, and establishing systems according to specific circumstances, so that leniency and strictness are balanced; this principle must be established in the mind and cannot be fully expressed in words. Furthermore, mediocre physicians sometimes instruct patients to consume Trichosanthis Radix Powder (Gualou Fen), but often long-term administration yields no effect. Also, whenever mulberries ripen, select those that are soft and ripe, wash them with water to remove floating impurities, steam them until cooked, and continue until a sensation of Qi is felt in the chest and heart region; this method is also very effective. Fresh cow's milk warmed to body temperature, sipped slowly when thirsty, is also beneficial. (Cited from *Li Langzhong's Discussion* in *Waitai Miyao*)
Although Xiao Ke (Wasting-Thirst) presents with various differences, its origin lies in the transformation caused by rich, fatty, and sweet foods, as well as faults related to excess alcohol and sexual activity, and physical exhaustion. These diseases predominantly affect the wealthy and noble, while being rare among the poor and humble. Whenever dryness and thirst are initially perceived, one should calm the mind, reduce desires, eat bland flavors, and minimize overthinking; under such conditions, the disease can be cured. If there is even the slightest lack of caution, even with famous physicians and excellent prescriptions, survival will be impossible. (*Yitong*)
This condition strictly forbids anger, mental exertion, consumption of pepper-flour, and strong-flavored foods. As for cases involving flowing abscesses or toxic swellings, or vomiting, abdominal distension, and anorexia due to cold injury, these are incurable. (*Xintong*)
Patients with Qiang Zhong (Excessive Yang) suffer from persistent penile erection without flaccidity and spontaneous seminal emission. This arises because, in their youth, they took Wushi San (Five-Mineral Powder); the heat of the five minerals remained lodged in the Kidney, causing deficiency in the Lower Jiao. In their vigorous youth, when Blood and Qi were abundant, they could control the effects of the five minerals. However, upon aging, when Blood and Qi diminish, Kidney Deficiency renders them unable to control seminal emission. If seminal essence is exhausted, various diseases will arise. (*Zhubing Yuanhou Lun*)
When the penis remains hard and does not become flaccid, semen flows continuously without cessation, and there is a sensation like needle pricks at times, feeling brittle upon palpation, this is termed Shen Man Lou Ji (Kidney Fullness Leakage Disease). Treatment involves using Chive Seeds (Jiu Zi) and Psoralea Fruit (Po Gu Zhi), each 1 liang, ground into powder. Take 3 qian per dose, decocted in 1 zhan of water down to 6 fen, taken three times daily. Stop taking it once cured. (*Jifeng Pujifang*) (Note: *Bencao Gangmu* cites Xia Ziyi's *Qiji Fang*, interpreting "Shen Man" as "Shen Zhi".)
Qiang Zhong is mostly caused by indulgence in sexual desire and pleasurable eating, or by taking Dan Shi (cinnabar and stone) medicines. This leads to the depletion of True Qi, the emergence of drug-induced Yin fire, resulting in irritability, thirst with excessive water intake, doubled food consumption, constant genital arousal, and spontaneous emission without intercourse. Consequently, Empty Heat in the Middle Jiao sinks to the Lower Jiao, making it the most difficult to treat among the Three Xiao diseases. (*Zhengzhi Zhunsheng*)
(Note: Xiao Ke and Qiang Zhong are likely distinct syndromes; this explanation is questionable.)
Persistent erection (Qiang Yang Bu Dao) belongs to Excess Fire in the Mingmen Gate, caused by Solitary Yang without Yin. This syndrome is mostly incurable. It contraindicates tonifying Qi, warming, and heating methods; instead, bitter-cold, sweet-cold, and salty-cold methods are suitable. (*Bencao Jingshu*)
Persistent erection occurs because Deficient Fire flares upward, preventing Lung Metal Qi from descending. If Huang Bo (Phellodendron Bark) and Zhi Mu (Anemarrhena Rhizome) are decocted together and drunk, the symptoms will dissipate immediately. (*Shishi Milu*)
Qiang Zhong may result from Exuberant Liver Fire or the eruption of mineral-drug properties. Symptoms include persistent penile engorgement and continuous seminal emission, often complicated by Xiao Ke and carbuncles/sores. If caused by latent fire in the Lower Jiao, it is appropriate to use Zhi Mu, Sheng Di Huang, Mai Dong, Huang Qin, Hei Shen, Tian Jie Geng, Huang Lian, Gua Lou Gen, Di Gu Pi, Shi Gao, Sheng Gan Cao, Da Dou, and Zhu Shen, focusing on detoxification. If caused by Kidney Deficiency with Liver Heat, it is appropriate to use Shu Di Huang, Gui Ban, Dan Pi, Fu Ling, Hei Shen, Sha Shen, Tian Dong, Mai Dong, Ze Xie, and Wu Wei Zi, focusing on nourishing Yin. (*Yitong*)