（仲景）里用柴胡，芍药枳实甘草须。（柴胡、芍药炒、枳实麸炒、甘草炙等分。）
此是阳邪成厥逆，（阳邪入里，四肢逆而不温。）敛阴泄热平剂扶。（芍药敛阴，枳实泄热，
甘草和逆，柴胡散邪，用平剂以和解之。）
（仲景）内用干姜，半夏人参甘草藏。更用桂枝兼大枣，寒热平调呕痛忘。〔黄连（炒）、
干姜（炮）、甘草、桂枝各三两，人参二两，半夏半升，大枣十二枚，治胸中有热而欲呕，
胃中有寒而作痛，或丹田有热，胸中有寒者，仲景亦用此汤。按∶此汤与小柴胡汤同意，以
桂枝易柴胡，黄连易黄芩，以干姜易生姜，余药同，皆是和解之意。但小柴胡汤属少阳药，
此汤
（仲景）用甘芍并，二阳合利加枣烹。（治太阳、少阳合病，下利∶黄芩三两，芍药、
甘草各二两，枣十二枚。阳邪入里，故以黄芩彻其热，甘草、大枣和其太阴。）此方遂为治
痢祖，后人加味或更名。（利，泻泄也；痢，滞下也。仲景本治伤寒下利，《机要》用此治痢，
更名黄芩芍药汤；洁古治痢加木香、槟榔、大黄、黄连、当归、官桂，名芍药汤。）再加生
姜与半夏，（名黄芩加生姜半夏汤，仲景。）前症兼呕此能平。单用芍药与甘草（炙，等分，
名芍药甘草汤，仲景。）散逆止痛能和营。（虞天民曰∶白芍不惟治血虚，兼能行气。腹痛者，
营气不
（张仲景的）四逆散中，里证需使用柴胡、芍药、枳实和甘草。（其中柴胡、炒芍药、麸炒枳实、炙甘草各等分。）
这是阳邪导致四肢厥逆的病证，（阳邪入里，导致四肢逆冷不温。）此方作为敛阴泄热的平和之剂来扶助正气。（芍药收敛阴液，枳实泄除热邪，甘草调和逆气，柴胡疏散邪气，用平和的药剂来和解病邪。）
（张仲景的）黄连汤中，内部使用干姜、半夏、人参和甘草。再加上桂枝和大枣，即可平调寒热，使呕吐疼痛消失。〔黄连（炒）、干姜（炮制）、甘草、桂枝各三两，人参二两，半夏半升，大枣十二枚。主治胸中有热而想呕吐，胃中有寒而作痛，或者丹田有热、胸中有寒的情况，张仲景也使用此汤。按语：此汤与小柴胡汤意旨相同，以桂枝代替柴胡，黄连代替黄芩，干姜代替生姜，其余药物相同，都是和解的意思。但小柴胡汤属于少阳经的药物，此汤……〕
（张仲景的）黄芩汤使用甘草和芍药，并加入大枣煎煮。（用于治疗太阳、少阳合病引起的下利：黄芩三两，芍药、甘草各二两，大枣十二枚。阳邪入里，所以用黄芩清除其热，甘草、大枣调和太阴脾土。）此方遂成为治疗痢疾的祖方，后人加减变化或更改名称。（“利”指泻泄；“痢”指滞下。张仲景原本用于治疗伤寒引起的下利，《医学启源》用此方治疗痢疾，更名为黄芩芍药汤；李东垣治疗痢疾时加入木香、槟榔、大黄、黄连、当归、官桂，命名为芍药汤。）如果再添加生姜和半夏，（名为黄芩加生姜半夏汤，出自张仲景。）前症兼有呕吐者此方能平息。单用芍药与甘草（炙，等分，名为芍药甘草汤，出自张仲景。）可疏散逆气、止痛并调和营血。（虞天民说：白芍不仅治疗血虚，还能行气。腹痛是因为营气不……）
In Zhang Zhongjing's Si Ni San (Four Reversals Powder), for interior syndromes, Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix), Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Zhi Shi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), and Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) are required. (Chai Hu, stir-fried Shao Yao, bran-stir-fried Zhi Shi, and honey-processed Gan Cao in equal proportions.)
This addresses Jue Ni (reversal cold) caused by Yang pathogenic factors entering the interior, resulting in cold extremities. It serves as a balanced formula to astringe Yin and drain heat. (Shao Yao astringes Yin; Zhi Shi drains heat; Gan Cao harmonizes rebellious Qi; Chai Hu disperses pathogens. A balanced agent is used to harmonize.)
In Zhang Zhongjing's Huang Lian Tang (Coptis Decoction), the interior uses Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma), Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), and Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma). Combined with Gui Zhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus) and Da Zao (Jujubae Fructus), it harmonizes Cold and Heat, alleviating vomiting and pain. [Huang Lian (stir-fried), Pao Jiang (charred ginger), Gan Cao, and Gui Zhi each at 3 liang; Ren Shen at 2 liang; Ban Xia at half sheng; Da Zao at 12 pieces. It treats heat in the chest causing nausea, cold in the stomach causing pain, or heat in the Dantian with cold in the chest. Zhang Zhongjing also employed this decoction. Note: This formula shares the same principle as Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction), substituting Gui Zhi for Chai Hu, Huang Lian for Huang Qin, and Gan Jiang for Sheng Jiang, while keeping other herbs identical, all aiming at harmonization. However, Xiao Chai Hu Tang belongs to the Shaoyang channel, whereas this formula...]
Zhang Zhongjing's Huang Qin Tang (Scutellaria Decoction) uses Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) and Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), cooked with Da Zao (Jujubae Fructus). (It treats Li Xie (dysentery/diarrhea) arising from the combined disease of Taiyang and Shaoyang: Huang Qin at 3 liang, Shao Yao and Gan Cao each at 2 liang, and Da Zao at 12 pieces. Since Yang pathogens enter the interior, Huang Qin is used to clear heat, while Gan Cao and Da Zao harmonize the Taiyin Spleen.) This formula subsequently became the ancestral prescription for treating dysentery; later generations added modifications or renamed it. ("Li" refers to diarrhea; "Li" refers to tenesmus/dysentery. Zhang Zhongjing originally used it for Taiyang disease-induced diarrhea; *Yi Fa Mi Ji* used it for dysentery, renaming it Huang Qin Shao Yao Tang; Li Dongyuan treated dysentery by adding Mu Xiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Bing Lang (Arecae Semen), Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), and Guan Gui (Cinnamomi Cortex), naming it Shao Yao Tang.) If Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) and Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) are added, (it is named Huang Qin Jia Sheng Jiang Ban Xia Tang, from Zhang Zhongjing), which can alleviate preceding symptoms accompanied by vomiting. Using only Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) and Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-processed, in equal proportions, named Shao Yao Gan Cao Tang, from Zhang Zhongjing) can disperse rebellious Qi, relieve pain, and harmonize Ying (Nutritive) Blood. (Yu Tianmin stated: Bai Shao not only treats Blood deficiency but also promotes Qi movement. Abdominal pain occurs because Ying Qi does not...)