《本草纲目》∶妊娠下利，用鸡卵一个，乌骨者尤妙。开孔去白留黄。入漂铅丹五钱搅匀，泥裹煨透，
研末。每服二钱，米饮下。一服效是男，两服效是女。
沈尧封曰∶曾试过，有效有不效。然利即不止，而腹痛必缓。
薛立斋云∶一妊妇久利，用消导理气之剂，腹内重坠，胎气不安。又用阿胶、艾叶之类不应，用补中
益气汤而安。继用六君子全愈。
又云∶妊身利下黄水，是脾土亏损，其气下陷也，宜补中汤。
王孟英按∶此下利乃泄泻自利之证，若滞下赤白之痢证，仍当别治。
《金匮》曰∶妇人怀妊腹中 痛者，当归芍药散主之。
当归（三两） 芍药（一斤） 茯苓（四两） 白术（四两） 泽泻（半斤） 芎 （三两）
右六味为散，取方寸匕，酒和，日三服。
《金匮》曰∶妊娠腹中痛，为胞阻，胶艾汤主之。
芎 阿胶 甘草（各二两） 艾叶 当归（各三两） 芍药（四两） 干地黄（六两）
右七味，水五升，清酒三升，合煮取三升，去渣，内胶令消尽，温服一升，日三次。
徐蔼辉曰∶严氏用治胎动胎漏、经漏腰痛、腹满抢心。短气加黄 。 庵亦谓妊娠下血腹痛为胞阻，主
此汤。又曰∶又方阿胶一斤，蛤粉炒，艾叶数茎，亦名胶艾汤。治胎动不安，腰腹疼痛，或胎上抢心，去
血腹痛。
《金匮》曰∶怀妊六七月，脉弦发热，其胎愈胀，腹痛恶寒者，小腹如扇。所以然者，子脏开故也，当
以附子汤温其脏。
附子（二枚，破八片，去皮） 人参（二两） 白术（四两） 芍药（三两） 茯苓（三两）
《大全》云∶妊娠四五月后，每当胸腹间气刺满痛，或肠鸣，以致呕逆减食。此由忿怒忧思过度、饮食失
节所致。蔡元度宠人有子，夫人怒欲逐之，遂成此病。医官王师复处以木香散；莪术、木香、甘草、丁香。盐
汤下，三服而愈。
沈尧封曰∶夏墓荡一妇，丰前桥章氏女也。己卯夏，章氏来请，云怀孕七个月，患三疟痢疾。及诊，病
者止云小便不通，腹痛欲死，小腹时有物垄起；至若痢疾，日夜数十起，所下无多，仍是粪水；疟亦寒热
甚微。予思俱是肝病。盖肝脉环阴器，抵少腹，肝气作胀，故小腹痛、溺不利，胀甚则数欲大便；肝病似
疟，故寒热。予议泄肝法，许其先止腹痛，后利小便。彼云∶但得如此即活，不必顾胎。予用川楝子、橘核、
白通草、白芍、茯苓、甘草煎服。一剂腹痛止、小便利；四剂疟利尽除，胎亦不堕。以后竟不服药，弥月而产。
王孟英按∶徐悔堂云∶秣陵冯学园之内，久患痞痛。每发自脐间策策动，未几遍行腹中，疼不可忍。频
年医治，不一其人，而持论各异。外贴膏药，内服汤
丸，攻补温凉，备尝不效，病已濒危，谢绝医药。迨半月后，病势稍减。两月后，饮食如常。而向之策策动者，
日觉其长，驯至满腹。又疑其鼓也，复为医治，亦不能愈，如是者又三年。忽一日腹痛几死，旋产一男，母
子无恙，而腹痞消。计自初病至产，盖已九年余矣。此等奇证，虽不恒见，然为医者，不可不知也。
《本草纲目》记载：治疗妊娠期间下利（腹泻），使用鸡蛋一个，乌骨鸡所产者尤为适宜。在蛋壳上开孔，去除蛋白只留蛋黄。放入经过漂洗处理的铅丹五钱，搅拌均匀，用泥土包裹后煨烤至透，研成粉末。每次服用二钱，用米汤送服。如果服用一次见效，预示生男孩；如果服用两次见效，预示生女孩。
沈尧封说：我曾经尝试过，有的有效，有的无效。然而即使腹泻不能立即停止，腹痛也必然会缓解。
薛立斋说：有一位怀孕妇女长期腹泻，医生使用了消食导滞、理气的药剂，导致腹内沉重下坠感，胎气不安。后来又用了阿胶、艾叶等药物，没有效果，改用补中益气汤后病情安定。随后继续服用六君子汤完全治愈。
薛立斋又说：孕妇腹泻排出黄水，这是脾土亏损，脾气下陷所致，适宜使用补中益气汤。
王孟英按语：这种下利属于泄泻自利的证候，如果是痢疾赤白相兼的滞下证，仍然应当另外治疗。
《金匮要略》说：妇人怀孕后腹中疼痛的，用当归芍药散主治。
当归（三两） 芍药（一斤） 茯苓（四两） 白术（四两） 泽泻（半斤） 川芎（三两）
以上六味药研为散剂，每次取方寸匕的量，用酒调和，每日服用三次。
《金匮要略》说：妊娠期间腹中疼痛，称为胞阻（胞脉阻滞引起的腹痛），用胶艾汤主治。
川芎 阿胶 甘草（各二两） 艾叶 当归（各三两） 芍药（四两） 干地黄（六两）
以上七味药，用水五升，清酒三升，混合煎煮取三升药液，去渣，加入阿胶使其完全溶化，温服一升，每日三次。
徐蔼辉说：严氏用此方治疗胎动不安、胎漏（妊娠期阴道少量出血）、经漏、腰痛、腹满抢心（腹部胀满疼痛牵引心胸）。若伴有短气，可加黄芪。庵氏也认为妊娠下血腹痛属于胞阻，主治用此汤。又说：另一个方子是用一斤阿胶，蛤粉炒制，加上数茎艾叶，也叫胶艾汤。治疗胎动不安，腰腹疼痛，或胎气上冲心胸，以及去血后的腹痛。
《金匮要略》说：怀孕六七个月时，脉象弦且发热，胎儿更加胀大，腹痛恶寒，小腹感觉像扇子一样冷。之所以这样，是因为子宫口张开（阳气不足，子宫失固）的缘故，应当用附子汤温暖子宫。
附子（二枚，破成八片，去皮） 人参（二两） 白术（四两） 芍药（三两） 茯苓（三两）
《妇人大全良方》说：妊娠四五个月后，经常在胸腹部出现气刺满痛，或者肠鸣，以致呕吐逆气、食欲减退。这是由于愤怒忧思过度、饮食不节所致。蔡元度的宠妾生了儿子后，正夫人发怒想要驱逐她，于是导致了这个病。医官王师复给她开了木香散（莪术、木香、甘草、丁香），用盐汤送服，服用三次而痊愈。
沈尧封说：夏墓荡有一位妇女，是丰前桥章家的女儿。己卯年夏天，章家来请诊，说怀孕七个月，患了三疟和痢疾。等到诊察时，病人只说小便不通，腹痛欲死，小腹时常有肿块隆起；至于痢疾，日夜发作几十次，排出的东西不多，仍然是粪水；疟疾的寒热症状也很轻微。我思考这些都是肝病。因为肝经脉环绕阴器，抵少腹，肝气作胀，所以小腹痛、小便不利，胀得厉害时就频繁想大便；肝病类似疟疾，所以有寒热症状。我提议采用疏泄肝气的方法，答应先止住腹痛，再通利小便。她说：只要能这样就能活命，不必顾惜胎儿。我用了川楝子、橘核、白通草、白芍、茯苓、甘草煎服。服用一剂后腹痛停止、小便通畅；服用四剂后疟疾和痢疾全部消除，胎儿也没有流产。此后竟然不再服药，足月生产。
王孟英按语：徐悔堂说：秣陵冯学园的妻子，长期患有痞痛（腹部结块疼痛）。每次发病都从脐间开始剧烈跳动，不久遍及腹中，疼痛难以忍受。多年医治，换过很多人，但论点各异。外贴膏药，内服汤丸，攻补温凉各种方法都试过了，都没有效果，病势已经危及生命，谢绝了医药。直到半个月后，病势稍减。两个月后，饮食恢复正常。而之前那种剧烈跳动的感觉，每天觉得它在延长，逐渐蔓延至满腹。又怀疑是鼓胀病，再次就医，也不能治愈，像这样又过了三年。忽然有一天腹痛几乎致死，随即生下一个男孩，母子平安，而腹部的痞块消失了。计算从初病到生产，大概已经九年多了。这种奇特的证候，虽然不常常见，但是作为医生，不可不知道。
*Bencao Gangmu* (Compendium of Materia Medica) records: For treating dysentery/diarrhea during pregnancy, use one chicken egg, preferably from a Silkie hen. Make a hole in the shell, remove the white, and keep only the yolk. Add five qian of washed lead carbonate (Qian Dan), stir evenly, wrap in mud, and roast thoroughly until done. Grind into powder. Take two qian per dose, with rice water. If effective after one dose, it indicates a male fetus; if effective after two doses, it indicates a female fetus.
Shen Yaofeng said: I have tried this myself; some cases were effective, others were not. However, even if the diarrhea does not stop immediately, abdominal pain will certainly alleviate.
Xue Lizhai said: A pregnant woman suffered from chronic diarrhea. The physician used digestive-promoting and qi-regulating agents, which caused a heavy bearing-down sensation in the abdomen and threatened the fetal vitality. Subsequently, using Ejiao (Donkey-hide gelatin) and Aiye (Mugwort leaf) was ineffective. Using Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction) stabilized the condition. She was subsequently cured completely by Liu Junzi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction).
Xue Lizhai also stated: When a pregnant woman has diarrhea discharging yellow fluid, it is due to the deficiency of Spleen Earth and the sinking of its Qi. It is suitable to use Buzhong Yiqi Tang.
Wang Mengying's commentary: This type of "xieli" refers to loose stools or spontaneous diarrhea. If it is "zhixia" (dysentery with red and white discharge), it should be treated differently.
*Jinkui Yaolue* (Essential Prescriptions from the Golden Cabinet) states: For women who experience abdominal pain during pregnancy, Danggui Shaoyao San (Angelica Sinensis and Peony Powder) is the primary treatment.
Danggui (Three liang), Shaoyao (One jin), Fuling (Four liang), Baizhu (Four liang), Zexie (Half a jin), Xiongqiong (Sanliang, likely referring to Chuanxiong/Costus Root, Three liang).
The above six herbs are ground into a powder. Take one fangcun bi (a square-inch measure) at a time, mix with wine, and take three times daily.
*Jinkui Yaolue* states: Abdominal pain during pregnancy is called Baozu (obstruction of the uterine vessels causing pain). Jiao'ai Tang (Ejiao and Mugwort Decoction) is the primary treatment.
Chuanxiong, Ejiao, Gancao (Licorice Root, two liang each), Aiye (Mugwort Leaf), Danggui (Three liang each), Shaoyao (Four liang), Shengdi Huang (Rehmannia Root, Six liang).
The above seven herbs are boiled with five sheng of water and three sheng of clear wine. Reduce to three sheng, strain, add Ejiao until dissolved, and take one sheng warm, three times daily.
Xuaihui said: Yan Shi used this formula to treat restless fetus, fetal leakage (vaginal bleeding during pregnancy), menstrual leakage, lower back pain, and abdominal fullness radiating to the heart. If accompanied by shortness of breath, add Huangqi (Astragalus). An Shi also considered vaginal bleeding and abdominal pain during pregnancy as Baozu, for which this decoction is indicated. He further stated: Another prescription uses one jin of Ejiao fried with Ge Fen (Calcined Shell Powder) and several stems of Aiye, also named Jiao'ai Tang. It treats restless fetus, waist and abdominal pain, fetal Qi rushing up to the chest, and abdominal pain following blood loss.
*Jinkui Yaolue* states: In the sixth or seventh month of pregnancy, if the pulse is wiry and there is fever, the fetus becomes more distended, accompanied by abdominal pain and aversion to cold, with the lower abdomen feeling cold like a fan. This occurs because the Zi Zang (uterus) is open (due to Yang deficiency failing to secure the uterus). One should use Fuzi Tang (Aconite Decoction) to warm the uterus.
Fuzi (Two pieces, broken into eight slices, skin removed), Renshen (Ginseng, Two liang), Baizhu (Four liang), Shaoyao (Three liang), Fuling (Three liang).
*Daquan Yifang* (Great Comprehensive Medical Formulas) states: After the fourth or fifth month of pregnancy, patients often experience stabbing pain and fullness in the chest and abdomen, or borborygmus, leading to vomiting, regurgitation, and reduced appetite. This is caused by excessive anger and worry, and irregular diet. Cai Yuandu’s favored concubine bore a son; when the main wife became angry and wanted to expel her, this illness ensued. Physician Wang Shifu prescribed Muxiang San (Costus Powder containing Ezhu, Muxiang, Gancao, Dingxiang), taken with salt water, resulting in cure after three doses.
Shen Yaofeng said: A woman from Xia Mudang, daughter of the Zhang family from Fengqian Bridge, sought my consultation in the summer of Ji Mao year. She reported being seven months pregnant and suffering from triple-tertian malaria and dysentery. Upon examination, she only complained of urinary retention, unbearable abdominal pain, and occasional lump-like protrusions in the lower abdomen. Regarding the dysentery, she had dozens of episodes day and night, but the discharge was scant and mostly fecal water; the malaria chills and fevers were also very mild. I reasoned that all these symptoms stemmed from Liver pathology. The Liver meridian encircles the genitalia and reaches the lower abdomen. Liver Qi stagnation causes distension, hence lower abdominal pain and difficult urination; severe distension leads to frequent urges to defecate. Liver pathology mimicking malaria causes chills and fever. I proposed a method to drain the Liver, promising to first relieve abdominal pain and then promote urination. She replied, "If I can achieve this, I will survive; do not worry about the fetus." I prescribed Chuanlianzi (Toosendan Fruit), Juhe (Tangerine Seed), Baotongcao (White Akebia Stem), Baishao (White Peony Root), Fuling (Poria), and Gancao (Licorice Root) in a decoction. After one dose, abdominal pain ceased and urination became smooth; after four doses, both malaria and dysentery were completely eliminated, and the fetus was not lost. She took no further medication and delivered a healthy baby at term.
Wang Mengying's commentary: Xu Huitang said: The wife of Feng Xueyuan from Moling suffered from long-standing Pi Tong (abdominal mass pain). Each episode began with sharp pulsations around the umbilicus, quickly spreading throughout the abdomen, causing unbearable pain. Over many years, she saw numerous physicians with differing opinions. External plasters and internal pills, attacking, tonifying, warming, and cooling methods were all tried without effect. Her condition became critical, and she refused further medical treatment. Half a month later, the condition slightly improved. Two months later, her diet returned to normal. However, the initial pulsating sensation gradually extended, eventually filling the entire abdomen. Suspecting it was a drum-like distension (Gu Zhang), she sought treatment again, but it remained incurable. This continued for another three years. Suddenly, one day she nearly died from abdominal pain, but subsequently gave birth to a boy. Both mother and child were safe, and the abdominal mass disappeared. From the onset of the disease to childbirth, more than nine years had passed. Such rare syndromes, though uncommon, must be known by physicians.