丹溪论∶血不足以荣养其胎，而胎坠者，犹枝枯而果落，藤
萎而花坠也。其劳怒动火而坠者，犹风撼其木，人折其枝也。二论极是，然未详细辨论，无怪妊妇之不慎戒
也。夫妇人冲脉主血海，血旺始成胎，任脉主胞胎，静养则胎安。若怒伤肝，劳伤肾致二脏失其相火，耗血动
气，未有能保孕之不漏不坠者，且坠后尚多血崩之症。其半产之多在三五七月者，除跌仆损伤外，有因
内热而虚者，为多。曰热曰虚，当分轻重。若前次三个月而坠，则下次必如期复然，盖先于此时受伤，故复
至期，必应乘其虚也。故遇有半产者，须多服药补其虚损，并兼服白凤丸两月。如下次有胎，当先于得孕两个
月后，即服三合保胎丸，并另服固胎饮十数服，以防三个月之坠。其有连坠数次，胎滑甚者，服药更须加倍，
始可保全。下次再有，嘱者如衰弱及曾坠之妇，有娠必须恪遵胎教，斯火不动，则血旺阴胎。神不劳则气
血完，而胎固且生子，禀全易养，形端体正。况屡坠损血倍于正产，怒劳致坠，自取无后之忧也。
凡小产与坠胎有别，五七月已成形象而产者，曰小产。二三月者，谓之坠胎。皆不可以轻视，将养宜十
倍于正产矣。大产如果熟自落，小产坠胎如生采破其皮肉，断其根蒂也。忽略成病者不少，因而致命者恒多。
然此症始因敛血以成胎，继因精血以长养，终因精血不足而萎坠。根蒂不固，虚损可知，亟应分别医治。
火者清之，虚者补之，损伤者填之，补其形气，复其阴血，尤当顾脾胃为首要。盖胃为水谷之海，脾为万物
之母，人身之有脾胃，犹万物之有土也。故培土而五行有相生之妙，扶脾胃而五脏有递受之益。如是调理，虽
胎坠损血，而尚能保母之撤消也。无奈世人，一知妻媳得孕，无不喜笑颜开，忽遇小产坠胎，非惟轻视不
医，而当场咨嗟叹息，顿以白眼相加，冷语讥言，甚至有詈辱不
休者，不知妇人禀性执拗，势必郁怒为患，致腹中积成气块 瘕，久则血逆经闭而成痨瘵。但此时虽欲医治补
救，而多有无从挽回矣。呜呼，实缘调理之晚，以被轻忽而毙命。
眉批∶至此病入膏肓，虽天医不能挽救，轻命重财不亦愚乎。
破家者，不知凡几，更有执迷不悟，仍归咎于死者短命，泉下有知，能无抱九京之恸乎。小产后血不止，
或烦渴面赤，脉虚微者，气血大虚也。八珍汤加炮姜补之。若腹痛、呕泻，脾胃虚
也。香砂六君子汤加姜、桂。至一切避忌与正产相同。
朱丹溪论述道：血液不足以荣养胎儿，导致胎堕的，就像树枝干枯而果实掉落，藤蔓枯萎而花朵坠落一样。因劳累和愤怒引发内火而导致胎堕的，就像风吹撼动树木，人折断树枝一样。这两种论述非常正确，但是未能详细辨析讨论，难怪孕妇们不谨慎戒除这些诱因。
大凡妇女的冲脉主管血海，血液旺盛才能形成胎儿；任脉主管胞胎，安静调养则胎儿安稳。如果发怒损伤肝脏，劳累损伤肾脏，导致这两脏失去相火的正常功能，耗伤血液、扰动气机，没有能够保住妊娠而不发生漏下或胎堕的，而且胎堕后还常伴有血崩的症状。小产多发生在怀孕第三、五、七个月，除了跌打损伤外，大多是因为内有热邪且体质虚弱所致。所谓“热”与“虚”，应当区分轻重程度。如果前次在怀孕三个月时胎堕，那么下次必定会如期再次发生，这是因为先前在这个时候受了损伤，所以到了那个时期，必然会因为乘虚而再次受损。因此遇到有小产的妇女，必须多服药以补益其虚损，并兼服白凤丸两个月。如果下次再次怀孕，应当在受孕两个月后，立即服用三合保胎丸，并另外服用固胎饮十几次，以防止在怀孕三个月时胎堕。如果有连续多次胎堕，胎元滑脱严重的，服药剂量更须加倍，才可以保全胎儿。下次再有类似情况，嘱咐那些身体衰弱及曾有流产史的妇女，一旦怀孕必须严格遵循胎教，这样内火就不会妄动，血液旺盛则阴精滋养胎儿。精神不劳损则气血完备，胎儿稳固且生子，禀赋健全易于养育，形体端正体态正直。况且多次流产损耗的血量倍于正常分娩，因愤怒和劳累导致胎堕，是自取无后的忧患啊。
凡是小产与坠胎是有区别的，在五、七月胎儿已形成形象而生产的，称为小产。在二、三月时发生的，称为坠胎。都不可以轻视，调养护理应当比正常分娩十倍用心。正常分娩就像果实成熟自然脱落，小产和坠胎就像生采时破皮伤肉，切断根蒂一样。因为疏忽大意而致病的不少，因而致命的也很多。然而这种病症起初是因为收敛血液以成胎，接着依靠精血来长养，最终因为精血不足而萎软坠落。根蒂不牢固，虚损的情况可想而知，急切应当分别医治。有火邪的清除它，体虚的补益它，有损伤的填补它，补益形体和气机，恢复阴血，尤其应当以顾护脾胃为首要任务。因为胃是水谷之海，脾是万物之母，人身有脾胃，就像万物有土壤一样。所以培补脾胃则五行有相生之妙，扶持脾胃则五脏有递相受益的好处。像这样调理，虽然胎堕损伤了血液，尚能保全母亲的生命免受损害。无奈世人，一知道妻子儿媳怀孕，无不喜笑颜开，忽然遇到小产或坠胎，不仅轻视不医，反而当场叹息嗟呀，顿时以白眼相加，用冷言讥讽，甚至有辱骂不休的，不知道妇人秉性执拗，势必因郁怒而产生祸患，导致腹中积成气块瘕聚，日久则血逆经闭而成痨瘵（慢性消耗性疾病）。但此时虽然想要医治补救，却大多无法挽回了。唉，实在是因为调理太晚，被轻视忽视而致死。
眉批：至此病入膏肓，即使是神医也不能挽救，轻贱生命看重钱财，不也是愚笨吗？
破产的人家，不知有多少，更有执着迷惑不醒悟的，仍然归咎于死者短命，泉下有知，难道不会抱着九京（墓地）的悲痛吗？小产后出血不止，或者烦躁口渴面色红赤，脉象虚微的，是气血大虚。用八珍汤加炮姜来补益。如果出现腹痛、呕吐腹泻，是脾胃虚弱。用香砂六君子汤加生姜、肉桂。至于一切禁忌事项与正常分娩相同。
Zhu Danxi discussed: When blood is insufficient to nourish the fetus, leading to miscarriage, it is like a withered branch causing fruit to fall, or a shriveling vine causing flowers to drop. Miscarriages caused by labor and anger stirring up internal heat are like wind shaking trees or people breaking branches. These two theories are extremely correct, yet they fail to discuss in detail, which explains why pregnant women do not take precautions.
Generally, the Chong Mai (Penetrating Vessel) governs the Sea of Blood; when blood is abundant, the fetus forms. The Ren Mai (Conception Vessel) governs the uterus; quiet rest ensures fetal stability. If anger injures the Liver and labor injures the Kidney, causing these two organs to lose their proper function of Ministerial Fire (Xiang Huo), consuming blood and disturbing Qi, there will be no ability to maintain pregnancy without leakage or miscarriage. Moreover, after miscarriage, symptoms of metrorrhagia (blood flooding) often occur. Spontaneous abortions frequently happen in the third, fifth, and seventh months. Apart from falls and physical trauma, many cases are due to internal heat combined with deficiency. One must distinguish the severity of "heat" and "deficiency." If a miscarriage occurred at three months previously, it will likely recur at the same time next time, because injury was sustained then, making the body vulnerable at that period. Therefore, for those with spontaneous abortion, one must administer more medicine to tonify deficiencies and concurrently take Bai Feng Wan (White Phoenix Pill) for two months. If pregnancy occurs again, San He Bao Tai Wan (Three-Harmony Fetus-Securing Pill) should be taken immediately after two months of conception, along with Gu Tai Yin (Fetus-Firming Decoction) for over ten doses, to prevent miscarriage at three months. In cases of repeated miscarriages with severe fetal slipping, medication dosages must be doubled to ensure preservation. For future pregnancies, advise women who are weak or have a history of miscarriage to strictly follow prenatal education once pregnant. This prevents fire from moving recklessly, allowing abundant blood to nourish the yin fetus. Mental rest ensures complete Qi and Blood, securing the fetus. The child will be born with sound constitution, easy to raise, with proper form and posture. Furthermore, multiple miscarriages deplete blood far more than normal childbirth. Anger and labor leading to miscarriage invite the worry of having no descendants.
There is a distinction between Xiao Chan (premature delivery/miscarriage) and Zhui Tai (falling fetus). Delivery in the fifth or seventh month when the fetus has formed is called Xiao Chan. Occurrence in the second or third month is called Zhui Tai. Neither should be underestimated; convalescence requires ten times the care of normal childbirth. Normal delivery is like a ripe fruit falling naturally; Xiao Chan and Zhui Tai are like picking unripe fruit, damaging skin and flesh, and severing the root. Negligence leads to illness in many cases, and death is common. This condition begins with gathering blood to form the fetus, continues with nourishing via essence and blood, and ends with wilting and dropping due to insufficiency of essence and blood. An insecure root indicates obvious deficiency, requiring immediate differentiated treatment. Clear heat if present, tonify if deficient, fill if injured. Tonify form and Qi, restore Yin and Blood, but prioritizing the protection of the Spleen and Stomach is essential. The Stomach is the Sea of Water and Grain; the Spleen is the Mother of All Things. Just as all things rely on soil, humans rely on Spleen and Stomach. Nourishing Earth facilitates the mutual generation of the Five Phases; supporting Spleen and Stomach benefits the Five Zang organs sequentially. With such regulation, even though miscarriage damages blood, the mother's life can still be preserved. Unfortunately, when people learn of a wife or daughter-in-law's pregnancy, they are joyful. But upon encountering miscarriage, they not only neglect medical treatment but also sigh, glare, use cold words, and even curse incessantly. They ignore that women may have stubborn temperaments, leading to depression and anger, causing Qi stagnation and mass formation (Jia Ju) in the abdomen, eventually resulting in blood rebellion, amenorrhea, and consumptive disease (Lao Zhai). By this time, even if treatment is attempted, recovery is often impossible. Alas, this is due to late regulation and neglect leading to death.
Marginal note: Once the disease enters the viscera (Gao Huang), even heavenly doctors cannot save them. Valuing wealth over life is indeed foolish. Many families have gone bankrupt. Some remain deluded, blaming the deceased for short life. If the deceased had consciousness in the underworld, would they not feel profound grief? After Xiao Chan, if bleeding does not stop, accompanied by irritability, thirst, red face, and faint/weak pulse, it indicates severe Qi and Blood deficiency. Use Ba Zhen Tang (Eight-Treasure Decoction) with Pao Jiang (Roasted Ginger) to tonify. If abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea occur, it indicates Spleen-Stomach deficiency. Use Xiang Sha Liu Jun Zi Tang (Aucklandia and Amomum Six-Gentlemen Decoction) with Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger) and Rou Gui (Cinnamon Bark). All taboos and precautions are the same as for normal childbirth.