此属阴虚,乃自下而上,至脉之病也,宜以丹溪、节斋、古庵诸公之方参用,然阴虚难
治,以血生于气,先无形而后有形也。且滋阴之剂,有害脾胃,脾伤则气损,气损则血无以
生,气盛则火有所助,诚难调治,惟审胃气有无以决治,则此为良法耳。
大全云∶妇人热劳,由心肺壅热,伤于气血,以致心神烦躁,颊赤头疼,眼涩唇干,口舌
生疮,神思昏倦,四肢壮热,饮食无味,肢体酸疼,心忪盗汗,肌肤日瘦,或寒热往来,当审其
所因,调补气血,其病自愈矣。
薛氏曰∶热劳乃壮火食气(壮火食气是言实火,非同劳热之火可补),虚火煎熬真阴之
所致也。王太仆云∶如大寒而甚,热之不热,是无火也(太仆所论,乃真水真火,此根有生中
来,故当求属,以衰之),热来复去,昼见夜伏,夜发昼止,是无火也,当治其心。如大热而甚,
寒之不寒,是无水也;热动复止,倏忽往来,时动时止,是无水也,当助其肾。心盛则生热,肾
盛则生寒,肾虚则寒动于中,心虚则热收于内。窃谓(窃谓以下诸症,或肝或脾或肺,而心
肾者甚少,总以分气分血主治,却与求属之意不同)前证(此下二十节,分经症虚实定方,确
有见解),若肝脾血虚,用四物参术;肝脾郁怒,小柴胡合四物汤;脾胃气虚,补中益气汤;
肝脾血虚,加味逍遥散;肝经风热,加味小柴胡汤;心经血虚,天王补心丹;肺经气虚,人参
补肺汤;肝经血虚,加味四物汤;大抵午前热属气分,用清心莲子饮(方见杂病赤白浊);午后热
属血分,用四物汤参、术、牡丹皮;热从左边
起,肝火也,实则四物汤龙胆、山栀,虚则四物、参、术、黄 ;热从脐下起,阴火也,四物、
参、术、黄柏、知母酒拌炒黑、五味子、麦门冬、肉桂,如不应,急用加减八味丸;不时而热,或
无定处,或从脚心起,此无根虚火也,用加减八味丸,及十全大补汤,加麦冬、五味主之。
一妇经行不调,饮食少思,日晡热甚,此肝脾气血俱虚,用十全大补加山茱萸、山药、
壮丹皮、麦冬、五味而愈。次年秋,寒热如疟,仍用前药而愈。 一妇生育多胎,月经不调,
两足发热,年余,其身亦热,劳则足酸痛,又年许,唇肿裂痛,又半年,唇裂见血,形体瘦倦,
饮食无味,月水不行,此气血俱衰之证,彼误用通经丸等药,复伤气血,遂致不起。
这种情况属于阴虚,病势由下向上发展,影响到脉象。应当参考丹溪、节斋、古庵等医家的方剂配合使用。然而,阴虚证难以治疗,因为血生于气,先有无形之气,后生有形之血。况且滋阴的药物容易损伤脾胃,脾胃受伤则气受损,气受损则血液无法生成;若气过盛则会助长火势,确实难以调理治疗。只有仔细审查胃气的有无来决定治疗方案,这才是良好的方法。
《大全》记载:妇女的热劳证,是由于心肺壅滞有热,损伤了气血,导致心神烦躁,两颊发红,头痛,眼睛干涩,嘴唇干燥,口舌生疮,精神昏沉疲倦,四肢高热,饮食没有味道,肢体酸痛,心悸盗汗,肌肤日渐消瘦,或者寒热往来。应当审察其病因,调理补益气血,疾病自然痊愈。
薛己说:热劳是壮火食气(壮火食气是指实火,不同于劳热之火可以进补),以及虚火煎熬真阴所导致的。王冰(王太仆)说:如果非常寒冷且严重,用热药治疗却不发热,这是无火(王太仆所论述的,是真水真火,这个根源于有生之中,所以应当探究所属脏腑,以衰其势)。热来又去,白天显现晚上潜伏,晚上发作白天停止,这是无火,应当治疗心。如果非常热且严重,用寒药治疗却不退热,这是无水;热动又停止,忽冷忽热,时而动时而止,这是无水,应当资助肾。心盛则产生热,肾盛则产生寒,肾虚则寒在体内动,心虚则热收聚于内。我认为(窃谓以下诸症,或涉及肝、脾、肺,而涉及心、肾的很少,总体以区分气分和血分来主治,却与探究所属脏腑之意不同)前文所述的证候(此下二十节,分经络症状虚实确定方剂,确有见解),如果是肝脾血虚,使用四物汤加人参、白术;肝脾郁怒,用小柴胡汤合四物汤;脾胃气虚,使用补中益气汤;肝脾血虚,使用加味逍遥散;肝经风热,使用加味小柴胡汤;心经血虚,使用天王补心丹;肺经气虚,使用人参补肺汤;肝经血虚,使用加味四物汤;大抵午前发热属于气分,使用清心莲子饮(方剂见杂病赤白浊章节);午后发热属于血分,使用四物汤加人参、白术、牡丹皮;热从左边起,是肝火,实证用四物汤加龙胆草、山栀,虚证用四物汤加人参、白术、黄芪;热从脐下起,是阴火,用四物汤加人参、白术、黄柏、知母(酒拌炒黑)、五味子、麦门冬、肉桂,如果无效,急用加减八味丸;不时发热,或者没有固定部位,或者从脚心起,这是无根虚火,使用加减八味丸,以及十全大补汤,加麦冬、五味子为主治。
有一位妇女月经不调,饮食少思,傍晚发热严重,这是肝脾气血俱虚,使用十全大补汤加山茱萸、山药、牡丹皮、麦冬、五味子而痊愈。次年秋天,寒热如疟疾,仍用前面的药物而痊愈。
有一位妇女生育多胎,月经不调,两足发热,持续一年多,全身也发热,劳累则足部酸痛,又过了一年多,嘴唇肿胀裂开疼痛,又过了半年,嘴唇裂开出血,形体瘦弱疲倦,饮食无味,月经不行,这是气血俱衰的证候,她误用通经丸等药物,再次损伤气血,最终导致死亡。
This condition belongs to Yin deficiency, where the pathology progresses from below upwards and affects the pulse. It is advisable to refer to and combine prescriptions from masters such as Danxi, Jiezhai, and Gu'an. However, treating Yin deficiency is difficult because blood is generated by Qi; formless Qi precedes formed blood. Moreover, Yin-nourishing agents may harm the Spleen and Stomach; if the Spleen is injured, Qi is damaged, and if Qi is damaged, there is no source for blood generation. If Qi is excessive, it assists Fire, making regulation and treatment truly difficult. Only by carefully examining the presence or absence of Stomach Qi to decide on treatment can this be considered a good method.
*Daquan* states: Women's Heat-Lao (consumptive fever) arises from heat congestion in the Heart and Lungs, damaging Qi and Blood, resulting in mental restlessness, flushed cheeks, headache, dry eyes, dry lips, sores in the mouth and tongue, mental fatigue and drowsiness, high fever in the four limbs, loss of taste, limb soreness, palpitations with night sweats, emaciation of the skin and muscles, or alternating chills and fever. One should investigate the cause, regulate and tonify Qi and Blood, and the disease will heal itself.
Xue Ji stated: Heat-Lao is caused by "vigorous fire consuming Qi" (vigorous fire refers to excess fire, distinct from the fire of consumptive fever which can be tonified), and the scorching of True Yin by deficient fire. Wang Bing (Wang Taipu) said: If one is extremely cold and severe, yet does not warm up with hot therapy, this indicates a lack of Fire (what Wang Taipu discussed pertains to True Water and True Fire, rooted in life generation, so one must seek its origin to subdue it). If heat comes and goes, appearing during the day and hiding at night, or erupting at night and ceasing during the day, this indicates a lack of Fire, and the Heart should be treated. If one is extremely hot and severe, yet does not cool down with cold therapy, this indicates a lack of Water. If heat fluctuates and stops, coming and going suddenly, moving and stopping intermittently, this indicates a lack of Water, and the Kidney should be assisted. Excess in the Heart generates heat; excess in the Kidney generates cold. Deficiency in the Kidney causes cold to move within; deficiency in the Heart causes heat to gather internally. I suggest (regarding the symptoms mentioned below, they involve the Liver, Spleen, or Lung more often than the Heart or Kidney; generally, treatment focuses on distinguishing between Qi and Blood levels, which differs from the intent of seeking the organ origin) regarding the aforementioned conditions (the following twenty sections determine formulas based on meridian symptoms and deficiency/excess, showing clear insight): If there is Liver and Spleen Blood deficiency, use Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) with Renshen (Ginseng) and Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome); if there is Liver and Spleen depression and anger, use Xiao Chaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) combined with Siwu Tang; if there is Spleen and Stomach Qi deficiency, use Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction); if there is Liver and Spleen Blood deficiency, use Jiawei Xiaoyao San (Modified Free Wanderer Powder); if there is Wind-Heat in the Liver Meridian, use Jiawei Xiao Chaihu Tang; if there is Heart Meridian Blood deficiency, use Tianwang Buxin Dan (Emperor of Heaven's Special Pill to Tonify the Heart); if there is Lung Meridian Qi deficiency, use Renshen Bufei Tang (Ginseng Lung-Tonifying Decoction); if there is Liver Meridian Blood deficiency, use Jiawei Siwu Tang. Generally, fever before noon belongs to the Qi level, treated with Qingxin Lianzi Yin (Clear the Heart Lotus Seed Decoction - see Miscellaneous Diseases section on Red and White Turbidity); fever after noon belongs to the Blood level, treated with Siwu Tang plus Renshen, Baizhu, and Mudanpi (Moutan Cortex); heat arising from the left side indicates Liver Fire; in excess cases, use Siwu Tang with Longdancao (Gentiana Root) and Shanzhi (Gardenia Fruit); in deficiency cases, use Siwu Tang with Renshen, Baizhu, and Huangqi (Astragalus Root); heat arising from below the navel indicates Yin Fire, treated with Siwu Tang plus Renshen, Baizhu, Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark), Zhimu (Anemarrhena Rhizome - stir-fried black with rice wine), Wuweizi (Schisandra Berry), Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber), and Rougui (Cinnamon Bark); if ineffective, urgently use Jiawei Bawei Wan (Modified Eight-Ingredient Pill); irregular fever, or fever without fixed location, or rising from the soles of the feet, indicates rootless deficient fire, treated with Jiawei Bawei Wan and Shiquan Dabu Tang (Complete Great Tonifying Decoction) plus Maidong and Wuweizi.
A woman with irregular menstruation and poor appetite had severe fever in the late afternoon; this was due to joint deficiency of Liver and Spleen Qi and Blood. She recovered using Shiquan Dabu Tang plus Shanzhuyu (Cornus Fruit), Shanyao (Dioscorea Rhizome), Mudanpi, Maidong, and Wuweizi. The following autumn, she experienced chills and fever resembling malaria, and recovered again using the previous prescription.
Another woman who had multiple births suffered from irregular menstruation and heat in both feet for over a year, followed by general body heat. Fatigue caused soreness and pain in the feet. After another year, her lips swelled, cracked, and became painful. Half a year later, her lips cracked and bled. Her body was emaciated and fatigued, she had no desire for food, and menstruation ceased. This was a syndrome of joint decline of Qi and Blood. She mistakenly used Tongjing Wan (Menstruation-Unblocking Pill) and other drugs, further damaging Qi and Blood, ultimately leading to her death.