张凤逵之着伤暑全书也。翻古人之成案。妙生心之化裁。可谓善于立言者矣。第
疫证引说不明。关系医学非小。虽以东垣之渊通。丹溪之博洽。亦随俗相沿。未有
确解。近喻嘉言先生。以通今博古之才。着开天辟地之论。扫叔和之秽。阐仲景之
奥。不剿陈言。独标新义。从来迷谬。涣然冰释。至于治法。高出千古。直发前人所未
发。谁谓今人不及古人之精乎。故附刊之。用告业医之士焉。盖天地以生物为心。
寒热温凉。四气递运。万古不易。人生其间。感触寒暑而病者。皆其起居无时。饮食
不节。气虚体弱。自行犯之。非寒暑之过也。然亦不过千百中之一二耳。若以寒暑
为杀厉之气。触之即病。则人无 类久矣。岂天地生人自然之道哉。至非其时而
有其气。谓之不正之气则可。谓之疫气则非也。何也。不正之气。人感之者。有病有
不病。未可一概论也。若夫疫气。则不论富贵贫贱。老幼男女。强弱虚实。沿门阖境。
传染相同。人无得免者。此唯大兵大荒之后有之。而饥馑之年尤甚。流离满野。道
相望。或趋乡镇。或集郡邑。或聚都城。安置失所。账济寡术。九重万里。呼答无门。
三五为群。死无虚日。千百一 。埋藏不深。掩盖不浓。时至春和。地气转动。浮土塌
陷。白骨暴露。血水汪洋。死气尸气。浊气秽气。随地气上升。混入苍天清净之气。而
天地生物之气。变为杀厉之气。无形无影。无声无臭。从口从鼻而入。直犯脏腑。正
气闭塞。邪气充斥。顷刻云亡。莫可救药。说文云。疫者。民皆病也。厉鬼为灾。斯名疫
耳。礼记月令云。孟春之月。先王掩骼埋 。正以是月天气下降。地气上升。诚恐
骼秽恶之气。随天地之气升降。混合为一。有害人物。故掩埋之。此预补造化。大有
功也。盖以人在气交之中。如鱼在水。一毫渣滓。混杂不得。设川泽泼灰。池塘入油。
鱼鲜有得生者。人受疫气。何以异此。是以自古圣君贤相。参赞化育。变理阴阳。消
弭疫端于平日。捍患御灾。煮粥施药。救济疫害于临时。人无横夭。世跻雍熙。文人
解为泽及枯骨。失其旨矣。讵春月当泽及枯骨。而夏秋冬之枯骨。遂不当泽及哉。
近有好事之辈。设立坛厂。每于小儿出痘之年。购求夭亡尸骸。虽经埋痤。亦必刨
出。堆集如山。架火烧焚。烈焰张炽。腥闻于天。神人掩鼻。毒瓦斯熏蒸。恶味氤氲。流行
传染。以致婴孩生出一等怪证。似痘非痘。似疹非疹。似斑非斑。一二日间。即涉危
笃。虽有良医。莫敢措手。共相诧谔。咸谓天生异灾。不知致此之由。频年以来。冤枉
赤子。何啻数万。离城二三十里。即无此证。岂非明验与。嗟嗟。异端妖术。惑世诬民。
昧者反以为善。聚众哗之。敛财助之。此倡彼和。奔走若狂。揆之先王掩骼埋 之
义。不大相乖舛耶。因序疫证而并及之。以望世之学医者。加之意焉。渔阳林起龙
北海识于补拙斋。
张凤逵撰写《伤暑全书》，翻查古人的成案，巧妙化裁缪希雍（妙生）的论述，可以说是善于立论的人了。只是对于疫病的引证和解说不够明确，这与医学的关系非同小可。即便是像李东垣那样渊博通达、朱丹溪那样学识广博的人，也随着世俗沿袭旧说，没有确切的解释。近来喻嘉言先生，凭借贯通古今的才华，撰写了开天辟地的议论，扫除王叔和著作中的污秽，阐发张仲景理论中的奥妙，不抄袭陈旧的言论，独自标举新的义理，从前的迷误谬见，如同冰雪消融般消散。至于治疗方法，高出千古，直接阐发了前人未曾发表的观点。谁说今人不如古人精妙呢？所以将其附刊于此，用来告知从事医学的人士。
大概天地以化生万物为心志，寒、热、温、凉四气交替运行，万古不变。人生于天地之间，因感触寒暑而生病的，都是因为他们起居没有定时，饮食不加节制，导致气虚体弱，是自己主动触犯这些邪气，并不是寒暑的过错。然而这种情况也不过是千百人中有一二人罢了。如果把寒暑看作是杀人的厉气，一接触就生病，那么人类早就灭绝了，这难道是天地生养人类的自然之道吗？至于不合时令而出现的气候，称之为“不正之气”是可以的，但称之为“疫气”就不对了。为什么呢？因为不正之气，人感受到的，有生病的也有不生病的，不能一概而论。如果是疫气，则不论富贵贫贱、老幼男女、体质强弱虚实，沿着门第遍及整个境域，传染情况相同，没有人能免除。这种情况只在大兵大灾之后出现，而在饥荒年份尤其严重。流离失所的人遍布田野，道路上尸体相望。有的人奔向乡镇，有的聚集在郡县，有的聚积在都城，安置不当，救济手段匮乏。皇帝身处九重宫阙万里之外，呼救无门。三五成群地死去，每天都有人死亡。死者被埋葬得不深，覆盖得不厚，到了春天暖和的时候，地气转动，浮土塌陷，白骨暴露，血水汪洋。死气、尸气、浊气、秽气随着地气上升，混入苍天清净之气中，使得天地化生万物的气息变成了杀人害命的厉气。这种气无形无影，无声无臭，从口鼻进入，直接侵犯脏腑，正气闭塞，邪气充斥，顷刻间死亡，无法救治。《说文解字》说：疫，就是民众都生病。厉鬼作祟造成灾害，这才叫疫。《礼记·月令》说：孟春之月，先王掩埋骸骨，正是因为这个月份天气下降，地气上升，确实担心骸骨的污秽恶气随着天地之气的升降混合在一起，对人有害，所以掩埋它们。这是预先补救造化的缺失，功德很大。
大概人在气交之中，就像鱼在水中，一丝一毫的渣滓混杂都不行。假如往河流湖泊泼灰，往池塘里倒油，鱼很少有能活下来的。人受到疫气的侵害，与这有什么不同呢？因此自古以来的圣君贤相，参赞天地化育，调理阴阳，在平时消除疫病的端倪；在临时抵御祸患灾害，煮粥施药，救济疫病危害，使人没有横死夭折，社会达到和谐繁荣。文人将“掩骼埋胔”解释为恩泽惠及枯骨，失去了其本意。难道只有春天的枯骨应当得到恩泽，而夏秋冬三季的枯骨就不应当得到恩泽吗？
近来有一些好事之徒，设立坛厂，每年在小孩出痘的年份，购买求取夭亡的尸骸，虽然已经埋葬，也一定要刨出来，堆积如山，架火焚烧。烈焰炽盛，腥气上闻于天，神人都掩住鼻子。毒瓦斯熏蒸，恶味弥漫流行传染，致使婴孩生出一种怪证，似痘非痘，似疹非疹，似斑非斑，一二日间，就陷入危重境地。虽然有良医，也不敢动手治疗，大家互相惊讶诧异，都认为是天降异灾。不知道导致这种情况的原因。连年以来，冤枉了多少无辜婴儿，何止数万。离开城市二三十里，就没有这种病症，这难道不是明显的验证吗？唉！异端妖术迷惑世人欺骗百姓，愚昧的人反而认为这是善举，聚集众人喧哗，敛财资助他们。此唱彼和，奔走若狂。考察先王掩埋骸骨的意义，不是大大违背了吗？因此借着序写疫病的内容一并提及此事，希望世上学医的人，多加注意。渔阳林起龙北海在补拙斋识。
Zhang Fengkui's *Shangshu Quanshu* (Complete Book on Injury by Summerheat) reviewed ancient case records and skillfully adapted the theories of Miao Xiyong (Miaosheng), making him a master of discourse. However, his explanation of epidemic diseases (Yi Zheng) was unclear, which is of significant importance to medicine. Even scholars as profound as Li Dongyuan and as erudite as Zhu Danxi followed conventional views without providing definitive interpretations. Recently, Mr. Yu Jiayan, with his talent for integrating past and present, wrote groundbreaking arguments that cleared away the obscurities in Wang Shuhe's works and elucidated the profound mysteries of Zhang Zhongjing's theories. He did not plagiarize old ideas but established new principles, causing previous misconceptions to dissolve like ice melting. His therapeutic methods surpassed those of millennia past, directly revealing insights previously unexpressed by predecessors. Who can say that modern practitioners are less refined than ancients? Therefore, I append this work to inform medical professionals.
Heaven and Earth take the generation of life as their intent; the four Qi (Energies)—Cold, Heat, Warmth, and Coolness—cycle perpetually without change since antiquity. Humans living within this realm fall ill due to exposure to Cold or Summerheat only because of irregular daily routines, unregulated diet, deficient Qi, and weak constitutions; they invite these pathogens upon themselves, rather than it being the fault of Cold or Summerheat themselves. Such cases account for only one or two in a thousand. If Cold and Summerheat were lethal energies that caused immediate illness upon contact, humanity would have perished long ago. Would this be the natural way of Heaven and Earth to generate humans? While abnormal climate occurring out of season can be termed "abnormal Qi" (Bu Zheng Zhi Qi), it should not be called "epidemic Qi" (Yi Qi). Why? Because when people are exposed to abnormal Qi, some get sick while others do not; it cannot be generalized. In contrast, epidemic Qi affects everyone regardless of wealth, poverty, age, gender, or constitution, spreading door-to-door and region-wide with identical transmission patterns, leaving no one exempt. This occurs primarily after wars and great famines, especially during years of starvation. Displaced people fill the fields, corpses line the roads. Some flee to towns, others gather in counties or capitals. With improper settlement and insufficient relief efforts, even the Emperor far away has no means to respond. Groups of three or five die daily. Graves are shallow and coverings thin. When spring warmth arrives and earth Qi moves, loose soil collapses, exposing white bones. Blood and water flood the area. Death Qi, corpse Qi, turbid Qi, and foul Qi rise with the earth Qi, mixing into the pure Qi of heaven, transforming the life-generating Qi of Heaven and Earth into a lethal energy. This energy is formless, shadowless, soundless, and odorless, entering through the mouth and nose, directly attacking the Zang-Fu organs. It blocks healthy Qi and fills the body with pathogenic Qi, leading to sudden death beyond remedy. The *Shuowen Jiezi* states: "Yi means all people are sick." Disaster brought by malevolent spirits is named Yi. The *Liji Yue Ling* (Record of Rites, Monthly Ordinances) says: "In the first month of Spring, the former kings buried bones and flesh." This is because in this month, heavenly Qi descends and earthly Qi rises, and there is fear that foul odors from bones might mix with the ascending/descending Qi, harming living beings; thus, they are buried. This preempts nature's flaws and constitutes great merit.
Humans exist within the intersection of Qi, like fish in water; even a tiny impurity makes survival impossible. If ash were thrown into rivers or oil into ponds, few fish would survive. How is human infection by epidemic Qi any different? Thus, since ancient times, sage rulers and virtuous ministers assisted in cosmic transformation, regulated Yin and Yang, prevented epidemics in peacetime, and defended against disasters by boiling porridge and distributing medicine during crises, ensuring no premature deaths and achieving social harmony. Literati interpreting "burying bones and flesh" merely as extending grace to the dead missed the point. Should only spring bones receive grace, while summer, autumn, and winter bones do not?
Recently, meddlesome individuals set up altars and factories. During years when children contract smallpox, they purchase deceased bodies of infants. Even if already buried, they dig them up, piling them like mountains, and burn them. Flames rage, stench reaches heaven, gods and men hold their noses. Toxic fumes and foul odors spread, causing infants to develop strange syndromes resembling smallpox, rash, or macules but distinct from all. Within one or two days, patients become critical. Even skilled physicians dare not treat them, leading to mutual astonishment and claims of divine punishment. They fail to realize the cause. Countless innocent children have suffered unjustly over recent years. Thirty miles outside the city, such cases vanish, proving the source. Alas! Heretical practices confuse and deceive the public. Ignorant people praise them, gathering crowds, donating money, chanting in unison, running madly. This contradicts the meaning of the former kings' burial rites. I mention this alongside the discussion on epidemics, hoping medical students will pay attention. Lin Qilong Beihai of Yuyang recorded at Buzhuo Studio.