仲景瓜蒂散
子和三圣散(并见吐剂)
稀涎散
猪牙皂角 绿矾 晋矾 藜芦
元戎胜金丸
薄荷 瓜蒂 藜芦 朱砂 猪牙皂角
按以上用瓜蒂药并出三阳可吐药例古今吐法以病在头或在胸中但在上焦者皆可用也在经
络者亦可用吐法中就有发散之义焉诸亡血虚家不可用此
金匮苓桂术甘汤治心下有痰饮胸胁支满目眩
茯苓(四两) 桂枝 白术(各二两) 甘草(二两)
上水六升煮取三升三服小便即利
按此太阳经药也
茯苓汤治胸中有痰饮自吐出水后心胸间虚气满不能食消痰气令能食
茯苓 人参 白术(各三两) 枳实(二两) 橘皮(二两半) 生姜(四两)
上水六升煮取一升八合分温三服
按此足太阴阳明经药也
枳术汤治心中坚大如盘水饮所作(方见水气门)
按此足太阴阳明经药也
泽泻汤治心下有支饮其人苦眩冒
泽泻(五两) 白术(二两)
上以水二升煮取一升分温再服
按此足太阴阳明太阳少阴经药也
小半夏汤治心下水支饮呕吐不渴
半夏(一升) 生姜(半斤)
上以水七升煮取一升半分温再服
按此足太阴阳明经药也
小半夏加茯苓汤治卒呕吐心下痞隔间有水眩悸者
三因名半夏汤
半夏(一升) 生姜(半斤) 茯苓(三两)
上同煎服如前
按此足太阴阳明太阳手太阴经药也
按以上诸方并出太阴痰饮例药也白术除湿益燥和中益气半夏治寒痰和胃胜湿茯苓泽泻逐
水利小便上下分消其湿也
局方橘皮半夏方(方见本方)
局方二陈汤治痰饮为患呕吐恶心头眩心悸等证(方见本方)
桔梗半夏汤治胸痞痰涎不利气逆呕哕
桔梗 半夏 陈皮
上等分细末生姜水煎姜糊丸亦可加枳实减半名
桔梗汤
严氏导痰汤治一切痰饮头目眩晕或痰饮留积不散(方见本方)
上锉姜煎
按以上所用橘半等乃足太阴阳明经药也出太阴
呕哕例
许学士神术丸治痰饮
茅山苍术(一斤米泔浸一宿去皮切片焙干为末)
生油麻(半两水二盏研细取浆) 大枣(十五个煮取肉研旋入麻浆拌和药)
上末为丸桐子大日晒干每服五七十丸温酒空心下
按此足阳明太阴经药治湿发散之药也
仁斋加味二陈汤治痰攻眼肿痛并酒家手臂痛重成麻痹
二陈汤中加苍术片子姜黄制枳壳各少许
芎夏汤逐水利饮
二陈汤加川芎白术青皮枳壳
上锉姜五片煎盖川芎半夏能逐水也
按此二方乃二陈汤加苍术川芎等药是亦治湿带表之药也
张仲景的瓜蒂散。
子和（刘完素弟子，此处指刘河间或金元四大家之一刘完素的传承者，通常指刘完素或其学派，但原文特指“子和”即张从正）的三圣散（均见吐剂章节）。
稀涎散。
药材：猪牙皂角、绿矾、晋矾、藜芦。
元戎胜金丸。
药材：薄荷、瓜蒂、藜芦、朱砂、猪牙皂角。
按语：以上使用瓜蒂的药物，都出自“三阳经可吐”的药例。古往今来的吐法，凡是病邪在头部或在胸中，且病位在上焦的，都可以使用吐法；即使病邪在经络，也可以使用吐法。吐法之中本身就蕴含着发散邪气的意义。然而，凡是失血患者或体质虚弱的人，不可使用此法。
张仲景的五苓散，治疗形体消瘦之人脐下悸动、吐涎沫且出现癫痫样眩晕的症状，这是水饮为患（方剂见湿门章节）。
《金匮要略》中的苓桂术甘汤，治疗心下有痰饮，导致胸胁支撑胀满、目眩的症状。
药材：茯苓（四两）、桂枝、白术（各二两）、甘草（二两）。
用法：用水六升，煮取三升，分三次服用。服药后小便通利。
按语：这是太阳经的药物。
茯苓汤，治疗胸中有痰饮，患者自行吐出清水后，心胸间感觉空虚胀满，不能进食。此方能消除痰气，使患者能够进食。
药材：茯苓、人参、白术（各三两）、枳实（二两）、橘皮（二两半）、生姜（四两）。
用法：用水六升，煮取一升八合，分三次温服。
按语：这是足太阴脾经和足阳明胃经的药物。
枳术汤，治疗心中痞硬，感觉坚大如盘，由水饮所作所致（方剂见水气门章节）。
按语：这是足太阴脾经和足阳明胃经的药物。
泽泻汤，治疗心下有支饮，患者苦于眩晕昏冒。
药材：泽泻（五两）、白术（二两）。
用法：用水二升，煮取一升，分两次温服。
按语：这是足太阴脾经、足阳明胃经、太阳经和少阴经的药物。
小半夏汤，治疗心下有支饮，引起呕吐且不口渴。
药材：半夏（一升）、生姜（半斤）。
用法：用水七升，煮取一升，分两次温服。
按语：这是足太阴脾经和足阳明胃经的药物。
小半夏加茯苓汤，治疗突然呕吐，心下痞塞，膈间有水气，伴有眩晕和心悸的症状。
《三因极一病证方论》中称为半夏汤。
药材：半夏（一升）、生姜（半斤）、茯苓（三两）。
用法：一同煎煮服用，方法同上。
按语：这是足太阴脾经、足阳明胃经、太阳经和手太阴肺经的药物。
按语：以上诸方均出自太阴痰饮的病例。药物方面，白术能除湿、益燥、和中、益气；半夏治疗寒痰、和胃、胜湿；茯苓和泽泻能逐水利尿，上下分消湿气。
《局方》橘皮半夏方（方剂见本方章节）。
《局方》二陈汤，治疗痰饮引起的呕吐、恶心、头晕、心悸等症状（方剂见本方章节）。
桔梗半夏汤，治疗胸中痞闷、痰涎不利、气逆呕哕。
药材：桔梗、半夏、陈皮。
用法：上等分研成细末，用生姜水煎煮，也可制成姜糊丸。若加入枳实减半，则名为桔梗汤。
严氏导痰汤，治疗一切痰饮引起的头目眩晕，或痰饮留积不散（方剂见本方章节）。
用法：锉碎后加生姜煎服。
按语：以上所用的橘皮、半夏等，乃是足太阴脾经和足阳明胃经的药物，出自太阴呕哕的病例。
许学士（许叔微）的神术丸，治疗痰饮。
药材：茅山苍术（一斤，用米泔水浸泡一夜，去皮切片，焙干后研为粉末）、生油麻（半两，用水二盏研磨取浆）、大枣（十五个，煮熟取肉研烂，随时加入麻浆拌和药粉）。
用法：将药末制成梧桐子大小的丸剂，日晒干燥。每次服用五七十丸，空腹时用温酒送下。
按语：这是足阳明胃经和足太阴脾经的药物，属于治湿并兼有发散作用的药物。
仁斋（杨士瀛）加味二陈汤，治疗痰攻眼睛肿痛，以及饮酒之人手臂沉重疼痛发展为麻痹。
用法：在二陈汤中加入少许苍术、片子姜黄、制枳壳。
芎夏汤，逐水利饮。
用法：在二陈汤中加入川芎、白术、青皮、枳壳。
用法：锉碎后加五片生姜煎煮。盖因川芎和半夏能逐水。
按语：这两个方剂是在二陈汤基础上加入苍术、川芎等药物，也是治疗湿气兼带解表作用的药物。
Zhang Zhongjing's Gengti San (Melon Seed Powder).
Hezi's Sansheng San (Three Holy Powders) (both see Emetic Agents section).
Xixian San (Saliva-Dispersing Powder).
Herbs: Zhiya Zaojiao (Gleditsiae Sinensis Fructus Spina, 猪牙皂角), Lvfan (Chalcanthite, 绿矾), Jin Fan (Alum, 晋矾), Lili (Veratrum Root, 藜芦).
Yuanrong Shengjin Wan (Yuanrong's Gold-Surpassing Pill).
Herbs: Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba, 薄荷), Gengti (Cucumeris Fructus Sperma, 瓜蒂), Lili (Veratrum Root, 藜芦), Zhusha (Cinnabar, 朱砂), Zhiya Zaojiao (Gleditsiae Sinensis Fructus Spina, 猪牙皂角).
Note: The above medicines using Gengti all originate from the examples of "emetics for the Three Yang Meridians". Throughout ancient and modern times, emetic therapy can be used when the pathogen is in the head or chest, specifically located in the Upper Jiao (Upper Burner); it can also be used when the pathogen is in the meridians. Emetic therapy inherently contains the meaning of dispersing pathogens. However, this method must not be used in patients who have suffered blood loss or those with deficiency constitutions.
Zhang Zhongjing's Wuling San (Five-Ling Powder) treats thin individuals experiencing palpitations below the umbilicus, spitting of saliva and foam, and epileptic dizziness; this is caused by Water Retention (Fluids Pathology) (Formula see Dampness Section).
Ling Gui Zhu Gan Tang (Poria, Cinnamon Twig, Atractylodes, and Licorice Decoction) from *Jin Gui Yao Lue* treats Phlegm-Fluids under the heart, leading to a feeling of fullness and distension in the chest and hypochondrium, and dizziness.
Herbs: Fuling (Poria, 茯苓 - four liang), Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig, 桂枝), Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome, 白术 - two liang each), Gancao (Licorice Root, 甘草 - two liang).
Usage: Decoct six sheng of water to obtain three sheng; take in three doses. Urination will become smooth after administration.
Note: This consists of herbs belonging to the Taiyang Meridian.
Fuling Tang (Poria Decoction) treats Phlegm-Fluids in the chest. After the patient spontaneously vomits clear fluid, there is a sensation of emptiness and fullness in the chest and epigastrium, preventing eating. This formula eliminates phlegm and qi, restoring appetite.
Herbs: Fuling (Poria, 茯苓), Renshen (Ginseng Radix, 人参), Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome, 白术) (three liang each), Zhishi (Immature Bitter Orange, 枳实) (two liang), Chenpi (Tangerine Peel, 橘皮) (two and a half liang), Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger, 生姜) (four liang).
Usage: Decoct six sheng of water to obtain one sheng and eight he; take in three warm doses.
Note: This consists of herbs belonging to the Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian and Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian.
Zhizhu Tang (Immature Bitter Orange and Atractylodes Decoction) treats a hard, large mass in the epigastrium resembling a plate, caused by Water-Fluids (Formula see Water-Gate Section).
Note: This consists of herbs belonging to the Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian and Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian.
Zexie Tang (Alisma Decoction) treats Branch-Fluids under the heart, causing severe dizziness and vertigo.
Herbs: Zexie (Alisma Rhizome, 泽泻 - five liang), Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome, 白术 - two liang).
Usage: Decoct two sheng of water to obtain one sheng; take in two warm doses.
Note: This consists of herbs belonging to the Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian, Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian, Taiyang Meridian, and Shaoyin Meridian.
Xiao Banxia Tang (Minor Pinellia Decoction) treats Branch-Fluids under the heart, causing vomiting without thirst.
Herbs: Banxia (Pinellia Tuber, 半夏 - one sheng), Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger, 生姜 - half jin).
Usage: Decoct seven sheng of water to obtain one sheng; take in two warm doses.
Note: This consists of herbs belonging to the Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian and Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian.
Xiao Banxia Jia Fuling Tang (Minor Pinellia Decoction plus Poria) treats sudden vomiting, epigastric stuffiness, water between the diaphragm, dizziness, and palpitations.
Known as Banxia Tang in *San Yin Fang*.
Herbs: Banxia (Pinellia Tuber, 半夏 - one sheng), Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger, 生姜 - half jin), Fuling (Poria, 茯苓 - three liang).
Usage: Decoct together and take as before.
Note: This consists of herbs belonging to the Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian, Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian, Taiyang Meridian, and Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian.
Note: All the above formulas originate from cases of Taiyin Phlegm-Fluids. Regarding the herbs: Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome) removes dampness, benefits dryness, harmonizes the middle, and boosts qi; Banxia (Pinellia Tuber) treats cold-phlegm, harmonizes the stomach, and overcomes dampness; Fuling (Poria) and Zexie (Alisma Rhizome) expel water and promote urination, dispersing dampness from top to bottom.
Ju Pi Ban Xia Fang (Tangerine Peel and Pinellia Formula) from *Ju Fang* (Formula see this Formula section).
Er Chen Tang (Two-Aged Decoction) from *Ju Fang* treats conditions caused by Phlegm-Fluids such as vomiting, nausea, dizziness, and palpitations (Formula see this Formula section).
Jiegeng Banxia Tang (Platycodon and Pinellia Decoction) treats chest stuffiness, difficult expectoration of phlegm-saliva, rebellious qi, vomiting, and hiccups.
Herbs: Jiegeng (Platycodon Root, 桔梗), Banxia (Pinellia Tuber, 半夏), Chenpi (Tangerine Peel, 陈皮).
Usage: Grind equal parts into fine powder. Decoct with fresh ginger water, or make pills with ginger paste. If Zhishi (Immature Bitter Orange) is added in half dosage, it is named Jiegeng Tang.
Yan Shi Dao Tan Tang (Master Yan's Phlegm-Guiding Decoction) treats all types of Phlegm-Fluids causing dizziness and vertigo, or retained Phlegm-Fluids that do not dissipate (Formula see this Formula section).
Usage: Cut into pieces and decoct with fresh ginger.
Note: The aforementioned Chenpi (Tangerine Peel) and Banxia (Pinellia Tuber) are herbs of the Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian and Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian, originating from the Vomiting and Hiccups examples of Taiyin.
Xu Xueshi's Shen Shu Wan (Scholar Xu's Divine Efficacy Pill) treats Phlegm-Fluids.
Herbs: Maoshan Cangzhu (Rhizoma Atractylodis Lanceae from Mount Mao - one jin, soaked overnight in rice wash water, skin removed, sliced, dried, and powdered), Sheng Youma (Sesame Seeds - half liang, ground finely with two zhan of water to extract the liquid), Dazao (Jujube Fruit - fifteen pieces, boiled until soft, flesh mashed, and mixed with the sesame liquid into the medicine).
Usage: Form pills the size of paulownia seeds, sun-dry them. Take 50-70 pills per dose, on an empty stomach with warm wine.
Note: These are herbs of the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian and Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian, belonging to drugs that treat dampness and have a dispersing action.
Ren Jia's Modified Er Chen Tang (Ren Zhai's Additive Two-Aged Decoction) treats eye swelling and pain caused by Phlegm attacking the eyes, and heaviness/pain in the arms of drinkers progressing to numbness.
Usage: Add small amounts of Cangzhu (Atractylodis Lanceae Rhizoma), Pianzi Jianghuang (Curcumae Longae Rhizoma slices), and Zhi Zhiqiao (Prepared Immature Bitter Orange) to Er Chen Tang.
Xiong Xia Tang (Ligusticum and Pinellia Decoction) expels water and fluids.
Usage: Add Chuanxiong (Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome), Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome), Qingpi (Green Tangerine Peel), and Zhike (Bitter Orange) to Er Chen Tang.
Usage: Cut into pieces and decoct with five slices of fresh ginger. This is because Chuanxiong (Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome) and Banxia (Pinellia Tuber) can expel water.
Note: These two formulas are modifications of Er Chen Tang with added Cangzhu (Atractylodis Lanceae Rhizoma) and Chuanxiong (Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome); they are also drugs that treat dampness while having a superficial-releasing effect.