三因龙骨散治衄过多
龙骨不以多少研为末以少许吹入鼻中凡九窍出血皆可用
御药院方麝香散治衄不止
白矾(枯) 龙骨(粘舌者各另研半两) 麝香(半字)
上拌匀每先将冷水洗净鼻内然后用药吹入孔内或以湿纸蘸入尤妙
济生乌梅丸治便血不止
乌梅三两烧存性为末用好米醋打糊丸如梧子大每七十丸米饮下
经验方治泻血
百药煎一两(半两烧为灰)
上和饭丸如梧子大每三四十丸空心米饮下或作末服三二钱
又方干柿烧灰饮调下二三钱
杂方
试效方治吐血不止以三棱针于气冲出血立愈
鼻衄不止或素有热而暴作诸药无验者
以纸一张作八帖或十帖于极冷水内湿过置项中不止仍以热熨斗于湿纸上熨之立止
便血不止宜灸等穴
劳宫(手厥阴经)
大白(足太阴经)
会阳(足太阳经)
三里(足阳明经)
按血证宜灸等穴详见资生等经兹不备录然火热脉盛实者非所宜也
拔萃犀角地黄汤治热郁血结上焦寸脉芤
犀角 生地黄(二两) 黄芩(一两半) 黄连(一两) 大黄(半两)
上 咀每两水煎食后服之
桃仁承气汤治血结胸中心下手不可近为中焦蓄血无寒热胸满嗽水不欲咽喜妄昏迷其人如
狂
桃仁(半两) 大黄(一两) 甘草(二钱半) 桂 芒硝(各三钱)
上 咀每两入姜煎服
抵当汤治下部蓄血即脐下手不可近或其人发狂少腹满硬小便自利大便反黑如狂者在中发
狂者在下也
大黄 水蛭(炒各半两) 虻虫(三钱去翅足) 桃仁(三钱)
上制每五钱水煎服如作丸炼蜜和
当归导滞汤治跌搏坠击损伤血滞于中
大黄 当归(等分)
上 咀每一两或半两水煎服
按以上血滞证诸方也盖蓄血有上中下之分故药亦随而轻重之也至血热血积阴虚等证例见
各门兹不详录
三因龙骨散治疗鼻出血过多的症状。
将龙骨不限定具体用量，研磨成粉末，取少量吹入鼻腔中。凡是九窍（眼、耳、口、鼻等九个孔窍）出血的情况都可以使用此法。
御药院方中的麝香散治疗鼻出血不止的症状。
配方包括：白矾（枯矾）、龙骨（以粘舌者为佳，各另研细粉半两）、麝香（半字）。
将上述药物拌匀。每次使用前，先用冷水洗净鼻腔内部，然后将药物吹入鼻孔内，或者用湿纸蘸取药物塞入鼻孔，效果尤其好。
济生乌梅丸治疗便血不止的症状。
配方包括：乌梅三两，烧至存性（即外部焦黑内部保留药性），研磨成粉末，用好米醋调和制成糊状，再搓成梧桐子大小的药丸。每次服用七十丸，用米汤送服。
经验方治疗泻血（指大便下血或肠道出血）。
配方包括：百药煎一两（若用半两则烧成灰）。
将药物与米饭混合，搓成梧桐子大小的药丸。每次服用三四十丸，空腹时用米汤送服；也可以研磨成粉末服用，每次二至三钱。
另一个方子：将干柿子烧成灰，用饮水调服二至三钱。
杂方部分：
试效方治疗吐血不止的方法：用三棱针在气冲穴放血，可立即痊愈。
对于鼻出血不止，或者素有热邪而突然发作，各种药物无效的情况：
取一张纸，折叠成八帖或十帖，在极冷的水中浸湿后，放置在颈项部位。如果出血仍不止，再用热的熨斗在湿纸上熨烫，出血会立即停止。
便血不止适宜艾灸以下穴位：
劳宫穴（手厥阴心包经穴位）
大白穴（足太阴脾经穴位）
会阳穴（足太阳膀胱经穴位）
三里穴（足阳明胃经穴位）
按语：关于血证适宜艾灸的穴位，详见《资生经》等典籍，此处不再详细罗列。但是，对于火热脉象盛大实证的病人，不宜使用灸法。
拔萃犀角地黄汤治疗热邪郁结、血液瘀滞于上焦，且寸脉呈现芤象（浮大中空，如按葱管）的情况。
配方包括：犀角、生地黄（二两）、黄芩（一两半）、黄连（一两）、大黄（半两）。
将药物切碎，每两药量加水煎煮，饭后服用。
桃仁承气汤治疗血瘀结于胸中，按压胸部下方疼痛拒按，属于中焦蓄血证，无寒热表现，伴有胸部胀满、想喝水但不想咽下、神志狂乱昏迷、患者行为像发狂一样的症状。
配方包括：桃仁（半两）、大黄（一两）、甘草（二钱半）、桂枝、芒硝（各三钱）。
将药物切碎，每两药量加入生姜煎煮后服用。
抵当汤治疗下部蓄血，表现为脐下部位按压疼痛拒按，或者患者发狂，少腹部胀满坚硬，小便自利（通畅），大便颜色反而发黑。发狂症状若在中部出现，病位在上；若在下部出现，病位在下。
配方包括：大黄、水蛭（炒制，各半两）、虻虫（三钱，去除翅膀和足）、桃仁（三钱）。
将药物处理后，每五钱药量加水煎煮服用。如果制作成丸剂，需用炼蜜调和。
当归导滞汤治疗因跌打、摔落、撞击造成的损伤，导致血液瘀滞于体内的情况。
配方包括：大黄、当归（等分）。
将药物切碎，每一两或半两药量加水煎煮后服用。
按语：以上是治疗血瘀证的各种方剂。因为蓄血有上、中、下三个部位的区别，所以药物的用量也随病情轻重而调整。至于血热、血积、阴虚等其他证候，举例可见于各相关门类，此处不详加记录。
San Yin Long Gu San (Three Causes Dragon Bone Powder) is indicated for epistaxis (nosebleed) resulting from excessive bleeding.
Grind Long Gu (Fossilia Ossis Mastodi et Scapulae, 龙骨) into powder without specifying a fixed amount. Apply a small quantity by insufflation into the nasal cavity. This method can be applied to bleeding from any of the Nine Orifices (the nine natural openings of the head: two eyes, two ears, two nostrils, mouth, and urethra/anus).
She Xiang San (Musk Powder) from the Imperial Medical Bureau formula is indicated for intractable epistaxis.
Ingredients include: Bai Fan (Alumen Exsiccatum, 枯矾 - Calcined Alum), Long Gu (Fossilia Ossis Mastodi et Scapulae, 龙骨 - preferably the variety that sticks to the tongue, separately ground, half liang each), and She Xiang (Moschus, 麝香 - Musk, half zi).
Mix the ingredients evenly. Before each application, first rinse the nasal cavity with cold water, then insufflate the medicine into the nostril. Alternatively, dip wet paper into the powder and insert it into the nostril; this method is particularly effective.
Ji Sheng Wu Mei Wan (Schisandra Pill from Ji Sheng) is indicated for persistent hematochezia (blood in stool).
Ingredients include: Wu Mei (Fructus Mume, 乌梅 - Dried Plum), three liang, charred until the interior remains (burnt to retain efficacy), ground into powder. Use good rice vinegar to make a paste, form pills the size of wheat seeds. Take seventy pills per dose, administered with rice decoction.
Jing Yan Fang (Empirical Formula) for treating lower gastrointestinal bleeding (xie xue).
Ingredients include: Bai Yao Jian (Pill of Medicinal Leaven, 百药煎), one liang (if using half liang, burn it to ash).
Mix with rice flour to form pills the size of wheat seeds. Take thirty to forty pills on an empty stomach with rice decoction. Alternatively, grind into powder and take two to three qian per dose.
Another prescription: Char dry persimmons to ash, mix with drinking water, and take two to three qian.
Miscellaneous Prescriptions:
Shi Xiao Fang (Trial Effective Formula) for intractable hematemesis (vomiting blood): Use a three-edged needle to bleed at the Qichong (ST30) acupoint; recovery is immediate.
For intractable epistaxis, or sudden onset in patients with pre-existing heat where various medicines have failed:
Take one sheet of paper, fold it eight to ten times, soak it in extremely cold water, and place it on the nape of the neck. If bleeding does not stop, apply a hot ironing board over the wet paper; bleeding will cease immediately.
For persistent hematochezia, moxibustion is suitable for the following acupoints:
Laogong (PC8, Hand Jueyin Pericardium Meridian)
Dabai (SP15, Foot Taiyin Spleen Meridian)
Huiyang (BL35, Foot Taiyang Bladder Meridian)
Sanli (ST36, Foot Yangming Stomach Meridian)
Note: Regarding acupoints suitable for moxibustion in blood disorders, please refer to *Zisheng Jing* and other classics for details; they are not listed here. However, moxibustion is contraindicated for patterns characterized by excess heat and full, rapid pulses.
Ba Cui Xi Jiao Di Huang Tang (Rhinoceros Horn and Rehmannia Decoction from Bacui) is indicated for heat stagnation and blood stasis in the Upper Jiao, presenting with a Kou pulse (floating, large, and hollow, like pressing a scallion stalk) at the cun position.
Ingredients include: Xi Jiao (Rhinocerotis Cornu, 犀角 - Rhinoceros Horn), Sheng Di Huang (Radix Rehmanniae Preparata, 生地黄 - Prepared Rehmannia Root), two liang; Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix, 黄芩 - Scutellaria Root), one and a half liang; Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma, 黄连 - Coptis Rhizome), one liang; Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 大黄 - Rhubarb Root), half liang.
Cut the herbs into pieces. For every liang of herbs, decoct in water and take after meals.
Tao Ren Cheng Qi Tang (Peach Kernel and Magnolia Bark Decoction) is indicated for blood stasis binding in the chest, pain upon pressure below the heart, classified as Middle Jiao blood accumulation. Symptoms include absence of chills or fever, chest fullness, desire to drink water but inability to swallow, delirious speech, coma, and manic behavior resembling madness.
Ingredients include: Tao Ren (Persicae Semen, 桃仁 - Peach Seed), half liang; Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 大黄 - Rhubarb Root), one liang; Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 甘草 - Licorice Root), two and a half qian; Gui Zhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi, 桂枝 - Cinnamon Twig); Mang Xiao (Natrii Sulfas, 芒硝 - Mirabilite), three qian each.
Cut the herbs into pieces. For every liang of herbs, decoct with ginger and take.
Di Dang Tang (Di Dang Decoction) is indicated for Lower Jiao blood accumulation, presenting with pain upon pressure below the umbilicus, or manic behavior, distension and hardness of the lower abdomen, free urination, and black stools. Manic symptoms appearing in the upper/middle region indicate upper pathology; those in the lower region indicate lower pathology.
Ingredients include: Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 大黄 - Rhubarb Root); Shui Zhi (Hirudo, 水蛭 - Leech), stir-fried, half liang each; Meng Chong (Tabanus, 虻虫 - Horsefly), three qian, wings and legs removed; Tao Ren (Persicae Semen, 桃仁 - Peach Seed), three qian.
Process the herbs. Decoct five qian in water and take. If making pills, bind with refined honey.
Dang Gui Dao Zhi Tang (Angelica and Stagnation-Resolving Decoction) is indicated for blood stasis in the interior caused by falls, impacts, or injuries.
Ingredients include: Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 大黄 - Rhubarb Root); Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 当归 - Angelica Root), equal parts.
Cut the herbs into pieces. Decoct one liang or half liang in water and take.
Note: The above formulas treat blood stasis patterns. Since blood accumulation varies by location (Upper, Middle, Lower Jiao), the potency and dosage of the herbs adjust accordingly. Other patterns such as blood heat, blood accumulation, and yin deficiency are illustrated in their respective sections and are not detailed here.