麻黄汤治伤风咳嗽喘急无汗
(方见寒门)
按此治风寒之剂也
败毒散治时气咳嗽
方见前
按此治风温之剂也
紫菀散治小儿咳嗽上气喉中水鸡之声
射干 紫菀 款冬花(各三钱) 麻黄(四钱) 细辛(二钱) 半夏(一钱) 五味子(六钱)
上 咀三岁儿一钱水煎入姜枣少许
百部饮治小儿喘嗽日夜不得睡目鲜如突出之状
百部 生姜(各八钱) 细辛 甘草(各三钱) 贝母 白术 五味子(各二钱) 桂心(四
钱) 麻黄(二钱)
上 咀三岁儿一钱水煎
按此二方太阳例药宜分轻重选用
紫苏子散治小儿咳逆上气因乳哺无度内挟风冷伤肺气或啼未定与乳乳与气相逆不得下
苏子 诃子 萝卜子 杏仁(炒) 木香 人参(各二钱) 青皮 甘草(各一钱半)
上为末每一钱水煎入姜量大小与服
按此下气导痰药也
葶苈丸治乳食冲肺咳嗽面赤痰喘
甜葶苈(隔纸炒) 黑牵牛(炒) 汉防己 杏仁(炒各一钱)
上为末入杏仁泥取蒸陈枣肉和再捣为丸如麻子大每五丸至七丸生姜汤下
按此下湿之剂也
全婴方雄朱丸治小儿咳嗽有痰潮热
雄黄(一钱半) 巴豆(七粒) 半夏(半两)
上为末糊丸小豆大一岁二丸姜汤下
按此导风痰湿痰乳癖药也
润肺散治小儿涎嗽不已气急烦渴
麻黄(二钱) 甘草(一钱) 人参 知母(各二钱半) 陈皮(一分) 桔梗 阿胶(炒) 百
部(各半钱)
上为末三岁一钱水煎
按此手太阴足太阳药也
人参丸治小儿咳嗽有痰气急恶心
人参 半夏 白术 川姜 南星(炮)
上等分为末姜糊丸小豆大三十丸姜汤下
按此手足太阴药也
参杏膏治小儿久新咳嗽气急恶心有痰咯血
人参 阿胶 杏仁(炒) 款冬花 五味子 甘草 诃子 贝母
上等分为末炼蜜丸鸡头大三岁儿一丸白汤下
补肺散治小儿久患咳嗽气急有痰
阿胶 糯米(各一两) 马兜铃 甘草(各半两) 杏仁(七十粒) 大力子(一分)
上 咀三岁儿一钱水煎服
按此二方手太阴之的药也
泻肺散治小儿肺气热盛而咳
(方见热门泻白散)
麻黄汤治疗伤风引起的咳嗽、气喘急促且无汗的症状。
（该方剂详见“寒门”章节）
按语：这是治疗风寒的方剂。
败毒散治疗时行疫病引起的咳嗽。
（该方剂见前文）
按语：这是治疗风温的方剂。
紫菀散治疗小儿咳嗽伴有气逆上冲，喉间发出如水鸡鸣叫的声音。
药材：射干、紫菀、款冬花（各三钱），麻黄（四钱），细辛（二钱），半夏（一钱），五味子（六钱）。
制法与用法：将药物捣碎成粗末，三岁的幼儿每次服用一钱，加水煎煮，加入少许生姜和大枣。
百部饮治疗小儿喘息咳嗽，日夜无法入睡，眼睛红肿突出状如脱出。
药材：百部、生姜（各八钱），细辛、甘草（各三钱），贝母、白术、五味子（各二钱），桂心（四钱），麻黄（二钱）。
制法与用法：将药物捣碎成粗末，三岁的幼儿每次服用一钱，加水煎煮。
按语：这两个方剂属于太阳经用药范畴，宜根据病情轻重选择使用。
紫苏子散治疗小儿咳逆气上冲，因哺乳无节制，体内夹杂风冷损伤肺气，或者啼哭未定即给予哺乳，导致乳食与气息相逆，无法下行。
药材：苏子、诃子、萝卜子、杏仁（炒）、木香、人参（各二钱），青皮、甘草（各一钱半）。
制法与用法：将药物研为细末，每次取一钱，加水煎煮，加入生姜，根据患儿年龄大小调整剂量服用。
按语：这是降气导痰的方剂。
葶苈丸治疗乳食积滞冲击肺部引起的咳嗽，面色发红，痰多气喘。
药材：甜葶苈（隔纸炒）、黑牵牛（炒）、汉防己、杏仁（炒，各一钱）。
制法与用法：将药物研为细末，加入杏仁泥，取蒸熟的老枣肉调和，再次捣烂制成如麻子大小的丸剂。每次服用五至七丸，用生姜汤送服。
按语：这是祛湿的方剂。
全婴方中的雄朱丸治疗小儿咳嗽有痰，伴有潮热。
药材：雄黄（一钱半），巴豆（七粒），半夏（半两）。
制法与用法：将药物研为细末，用糊剂制成如小豆大小的丸剂。一岁的幼儿服用两丸，用姜汤送服。
按语：这是引导排出风痰、湿痰及乳癖的方剂。
润肺散治疗小儿涎嗽不止，气急烦躁口渴。
药材：麻黄（二钱），甘草（一钱），人参、知母（各二钱半），陈皮（一分），桔梗、阿胶（炒）、百部（各半钱）。
制法与用法：将药物研为细末，三岁的幼儿每次服用一钱，加水煎煮。
按语：这是针对手太阴肺经和足太阳膀胱经的用药。
人参丸治疗小儿咳嗽有痰，气急恶心。
药材：人参、半夏、白术、川姜、南星（炮制）。
制法与用法：将药物等分研为细末，用姜汁糊制成如小豆大小的丸剂。每次服用三十丸，用姜汤送服。
按语：这是针对手足太阴经的用药。
参杏膏治疗小儿新旧咳嗽交替，气急恶心，有痰咯血。
药材：人参、阿胶、杏仁（炒）、款冬花、五味子、甘草、诃子、贝母。
制法与用法：将药物等分研为细末，用炼蜜制成如鸡头大小的丸剂。三岁的幼儿每次服用一丸，用白开水送服。
补肺散治疗小儿久患咳嗽，气急有痰。
药材：阿胶、糯米（各一两），马兜铃、甘草（各半两），杏仁（七十粒），大力子（一分）。
制法与用法：将药物捣碎成粗末，三岁的幼儿每次服用一钱，加水煎煮后服用。
按语：这两个方剂是专门调理手太阴肺经的方剂。
Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) treats cough and wheezing with urgency caused by wind-cold injury, characterized by absence of sweating.
(The formula is seen in the section on Cold Pathogens.)
Note: This is a formula for treating Wind-Cold.
Baidu San (Decoction for Resisting Toxins) treats cough caused by seasonal epidemics.
(The formula is seen in the preceding text.)
Note: This is a formula for treating Wind-Warmth.
Ziwan San (Aster Powder) treats pediatric cough with rebellious Qi ascending to the throat, producing sounds like a water frog croaking.
Ingredients: Shegan (Belamcandae Rhizoma), Ziwan (Asteris Radix et Rhizoma), Kua Donghua (Todolae Flos) (each 3 qian); Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba) (4 qian); Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) (2 qian); Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum cum Zingibere et Alumine) (1 qian); Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus) (6 qian).
Preparation and Administration: Crush the herbs into coarse powder. For a three-year-old child, decoct 1 qian with water, adding a small amount of Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) and Dazao (Jujubae Fructus).
Baibu Yin (Stemona Infusion) treats pediatric wheezing and coughing, where the child cannot sleep day or night, and the eyes appear red and protruding as if dislocated.
Ingredients: Baibu (Stemonae Radix), Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) (each 8 qian); Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (each 3 qian); Beimu (Fritillariae Bulbus), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus) (each 2 qian); Guixin (Cinnamomi Ramulus) (4 qian); Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba) (2 qian).
Preparation and Administration: Crush the herbs into coarse powder. For a three-year-old child, decoct 1 qian with water.
Note: These two formulas belong to the category of Taiyang channel medications; select according to the severity of the condition.
Zisuzi San (Perilla Seed Powder) treats pediatric cough with rebellious Qi ascending due to unregulated nursing, internal accumulation of Wind-Cold damaging Lung Qi, or administering milk while the child is still crying, causing milk and Qi to conflict and preventing downward movement.
Ingredients: Suxiazi (Perillae Fructus), Hezi (Terminaliae Chebulae Fructus), Luobozhongzi (Raphani Semen), Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, stir-fried), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) (each 2 qian); Qingpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (each 1.5 qian).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into fine powder. Take 1 qian, decoct with water, add Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens), and adjust dosage based on the child's age and size.
Note: This is a formula for descending Qi and guiding out phlegm.
Tingli Wan (Descurainia Pill) treats cough, flushed face, and phlegm-wheezing caused by food stagnation rushing against the Lungs.
Ingredients: Tiantingli (Descurainiae Semen seu Lepidii Semen, stir-fried between papers), Qieanniou (Polygoni Multiflori Caulis), Hanfangji (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix), Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, stir-fried) (each 1 qian).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into fine powder. Add Xingren paste, mix with steamed flesh of aged Jujube, and pound again to form pills the size of hemp seeds. Take 5-7 pills per dose, administered with Shengjiang decoction.
Note: This is a formula for draining dampness.
Xiong Zhu Wan from Quan Ying Fang (Prescription for Complete Infants) treats pediatric cough with phlegm and tidal fever.
Ingredients: Xionghuang (Realgar) (1.5 qian); Badou (Crotonis Fructus) (7 grains); Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum cum Zingibere et Alumine) (0.5 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into fine powder and make pills using paste, sized like mung beans. One-year-old children take 2 pills, administered with Shengjiang decoction.
Note: This is a formula for guiding out Wind-phlegm, Damp-phlegm, and milk retention.
Runfei San (Moistening Lung Powder) treats persistent pediatric salivary cough, urgent breathing, irritability, and thirst.
Ingredients: Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba) (2 qian); Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (1 qian); Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma) (each 2.5 qian); Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) (1 fen); Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Ejiao (Colla Corii Asini, stir-fried), Baibu (Stemonae Radix) (each 0.5 qian).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into fine powder. For a three-year-old child, decoct 1 qian with water.
Note: This targets the Hand-Taiyin and Foot-Taiyin channels.
Renshen Wan (Ginseng Pill) treats pediatric cough with phlegm, urgent breathing, and nausea.
Ingredients: Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum cum Zingibere et Alumine), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Chuanjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma), Nanxing (Arisaematis Rhizoma Praeparatum).
Preparation and Administration: Equal parts ground into fine powder. Make pills using ginger paste, sized like mung beans. Take 30 pills per dose, administered with Shengjiang decoction.
Note: This targets the Hand-Taiyin and Foot-Taiyin channels.
Shenxing Gao (Ginseng and Apricot Kernel Paste) treats new and chronic pediatric cough, urgent breathing, nausea, phlegm, and hemoptysis.
Ingredients: Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Ejiao (Colla Corii Asini), Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, stir-fried), Kua Donghua (Todolae Flos), Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Hezi (Terminaliae Chebulae Fructus), Beimu (Fritillariae Bulbus).
Preparation and Administration: Equal parts ground into fine powder. Form pills using refined honey, sized like chicken heads. Three-year-old children take one pill per dose, administered with plain boiled water.
Bufei San (Tonifying Lung Powder) treats long-standing pediatric cough, urgent breathing, and phlegm.
Ingredients: Ejiao (Colla Corii Asini), Nuomi (Oryzae Glutinosi Semen) (each 1 liang); Madouling (Aristolochiae Manshuriensis Fructus), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (each 0.5 liang); Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum) (70 grains); Dali Zi (Arctii Fructus) (1 fen).
Preparation and Administration: Crush into coarse powder. For a three-year-old child, decoct 1 qian with water and administer.
Note: These two formulas are specific treatments for the Hand-Taiyin Lung channel.
Xiefei San (Draining Lung Powder) treats cough caused by excessive Heat in Lung Qi.
(The formula is seen in the section on Heat Pathogens, specifically Xiebai San.)