宝鉴交解饮子治痰疟辟瘴气
肉豆蔻 草豆蔻(各二个面裹煨熟一个生用) 浓朴(二寸半生半姜汁制) 大甘草(二寸
生炒各半) 生姜(二块一生一湿纸煨熟)
上等分银石器内水煎发日空心服未愈再服必效局方常山饮治疟疾发散不愈渐成劳瘵
知母 川常山 草果(各二斤) 良姜(二十两) 甘草(炙一斤) 乌梅(去核一斤)
上咀姜五片枣一枚水煎温服
易简七宝饮治一切疟疾或先寒后热或先热后寒不问鬼疟食疟
常山 浓朴 青皮 陈皮 甘草 槟榔 草果仁(等分)
上咀每服半两于未发隔夜用水一碗酒一盏煎至一大盏滤出露一宿再将滓如前煎另放亦露
一宿来日当发之早荡温面东先服头药少歇再服药渣大有神效
人参养胃汤治外感风寒内伤生冷四时温疫或饮食伤脾发为 疟(方见局方)
平胃散加人参茯苓半夏草果藿香生姜乌梅煎
按此平胃散加减法也出太阴浓朴例以上诸方悉是温脾燥烈之药盖认此疾为脾寒故也然人
用之
亦或有效遂指为治疟之良方殊不知偶值病者阴阳相并脾气郁结暂得温散则气易行浊液凝痰中
脘闭塞因得燥热亦以暂开所以气通而疾止内经所谓勇者气行则已是也此古人为病气浅而浓
质者设也若中气虚弱之人内有郁火之证复用燥热愈劫愈虚咎将谁执
严氏清脾汤治瘅疟脉来弦数但热不寒或热多寒少口苦咽干大小赤涩
青皮 浓朴 白术 草果 柴胡 茯苓 半夏 黄芩 甘草(炙等分)
上咀姜五片煎
按此小柴胡汤加减也治口苦咽干大小赤涩则是内热之证用柴胡黄芩所以泻少阳之热乃前
方温脾之一变也方名清脾其义可知然后以草果等药寒热兼用则是未能免俗也
三因四兽饮治五脏气虚七情兼并结聚涎饮与卫气相搏发为疟疾兼治瘴疟
半夏 茯苓 人参 草果 陈皮 甘草 乌梅肉 白术(各等分)
上咀同枣姜等分以盐少许淹食须浓皮纸裹煨令香熟焙干每服半两水煎未发前并进三服
按此四君子加减也出太阴药例
七枣汤治五脏气虚阴阳相胜乍为 疟不问寒热先后并治
附子(一枚炮以盐水浸再炮如此七次去皮脐)
上锉水一碗姜七片枣七个煎至八分当发日空心温服
按陈无择谓七情感动郁气成疟故此二方以治五脏气虚结聚涎饮等证未审孰为补虚孰为散
结郁孰为导痰学人宜自详之
《宝鉴交解饮子》治疗痰疟，辟除瘴气。
肉豆蔻、草豆蔻（各两个，用面粉包裹煨熟，其中一个生用）、浓朴（二寸半，一半生用，一半用姜汁炮制）、大甘草（二寸，一半生用，一半炒用）、生姜（两块，一块生用，一块用湿纸包裹煨熟）。
以上药物等分，在银器或石器中用水煎煮，于发病当日空腹服用，若未痊愈再服，必定有效。
《局方常山饮》治疗疟疾发散不愈，逐渐演变成劳瘵（慢性虚损性疾病）。
知母、川常山、草果（各二斤）、良姜（二十两）、甘草（炙用，一斤）、乌梅（去核，一斤）。
以上药物切碎，加生姜五片、大枣一枚，用水煎煮，温服。
《易简七宝饮》治疗各种疟疾，无论是先寒后热还是先热后寒，也不问是鬼疟还是食疟。
常山、浓朴、青皮、陈皮、甘草、槟榔、草果仁（等分）。
以上药物切碎，每次服用半两，在预计发作的前一晚，用水一碗、酒一盏，煎至一大盏，滤出药液，露天放置一夜。再将药渣按前法煎煮，另放一处也露天放置一夜。次日当疟疾发作的早晨，面向东方，先服用头天晚上煎好的药液，稍作休息后再服用第二天早上煎好的药液，药渣也有极大神效。
《人参养胃汤》治疗外感风寒、内伤生冷，四季温疫，或因饮食损伤脾胃引发的疟疾（方剂见《局方》）。
即平胃散加入人参、茯苓、半夏、草果、藿香、生姜、乌梅煎煮。
按语：这是平胃散的加减法，出自太阴经浓朴例。以上各方全是温脾燥烈之药，大概是将此病认定为脾寒所致。然而人们使用这些方剂有时也有效，于是将其指为治疗疟疾的良方。殊不知这只是偶然遇到患者阴阳相并、脾气郁结，暂时得到温散则气机容易运行，浊液凝结成痰阻塞中脘，因得燥热之气也暂时开通，所以气通而疾病停止。《内经》所谓“勇者气行则已”就是这个道理。这是古人为病邪浅薄而体质浓厚的人设立的治法。如果中气虚弱之人，体内有郁火之证，再用燥热之药，只会越劫夺正气越虚弱，过错由谁承担？
《严氏清脾汤》治疗瘅疟，脉象弦数，但热不寒，或热多寒少，口苦咽干，大小便赤涩。
青皮、浓朴、白术、草果、柴胡、茯苓、半夏、黄芩、甘草（炙用，等分）。
以上药物切碎，加生姜五片煎煮。
按语：这是小柴胡汤的加减法。治疗口苦咽干、大小便赤涩，则是内热之证，使用柴胡、黄芩是为了泻少阳之热，这是前方温脾之法的一种变化。方名清脾，其含义可知。然后以草果等药寒热兼用，则是未能免俗的表现。
《三因四兽饮》治疗五脏气虚，七情兼并，结聚涎饮与卫气相搏，发为疟疾，兼治瘴疟。
半夏、茯苓、人参、草果、陈皮、甘草、乌梅肉、白术（各等分）。
以上药物切碎，同大枣、生姜等分，用少许盐腌制，需用浓皮纸包裹煨令香熟，焙干。每次服用半两，用水煎煮，在发作前连续服用三次。
按语：这是四君子汤的加减法，出自太阴药例。
《七枣汤》治疗五脏气虚，阴阳相胜，忽发疟疾，不问寒热先后，一并治疗。
附子（一枚，炮制，用盐水浸泡后再炮制，如此七次，去皮脐）。
以上药物锉碎，用水一碗，生姜七片，大枣七个，煎至八分。在发作当日空腹温服。
按语：陈无择认为七情触动，郁气成疟。因此这两个方剂用于治疗五脏气虚、结聚涎饮等证。不知哪一个是补虚，哪一个是散结郁，哪一个是导痰，学习者应当自行详察。
*Baojian Jiaoxie Yinzi* (Treasure Mirror Decoction for Resolving Phlegm and Malaria) treats phlegmatic malaria (Tan Nue, malaria associated with phlegm accumulation) and wards off miasma (Zhangqi, noxious vapors causing infectious diseases).
Myristicae Semen (Roudoukou), Cardamomi Fructus Rotundus (Caodoukou) (each two pods, wrapped in flour and roasted until cooked; one pod used raw), Magnoliae Cortex (Nongpu) (two and a half cun, half raw, half processed with ginger juice), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Daganzhi) (two cun, half raw, half stir-fried), Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang) (two pieces, one raw, one roasted while wrapped in wet paper).
The above ingredients are divided equally. Decoct in water using a silver or earthenware vessel. Take on an empty stomach on the day of onset. If not cured, take again; it will be effective.
*Jufang Changshan Yin* (Changshan Decoction from the Standard Formulary) treats malaria that persists despite dispersing measures, gradually evolving into *Laozai* (consumptive disease/chronic debility).
Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhimu), Dichroiae Radix (Chuanchangshan), Tsaoko Fructus (Caoguo), Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma (Liangjiang), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle (Gancao, honey-fried), Mume Fructus (Wumei, pitted) (each two jin), Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma (Liangjiang) (twenty liang), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle (Gancao, honey-fried) (one jin), Mume Fructus (Wumei, pitted) (one jin).
Coarsely crush the herbs. Add five slices of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang) and one Zizyphi Fructus (Zao). Decoct in water and take warm.
*Yijian Qibao Yin* (Simple Seven-Treasure Decoction) treats all types of malaria, whether chills precede fever or fever precedes chills, regardless of whether it is ghost malaria (Guimie) or food-stagnation malaria (Shipie).
Dichroiae Radix (Changshan), Magnoliae Cortex (Nongpu), Aurantii Fructus Viridis (Qingpi), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao), Arecae Semen (Binglang), Tsaoko Fructus (Caoguoren) (equal parts).
Coarsely crush the herbs. For each dose of half a liang, on the night before the expected onset, decoct with one bowl of water and one cup of wine until reduced to one large cup. Strain the liquid and leave it exposed to the air overnight. Then decoct the dregs again in the same manner, placing them separately and also leaving them exposed to the air overnight. On the morning of the expected onset, face east. First, take the liquid prepared the previous night. After a short rest, take the liquid prepared on the morning of the onset. The dregs are also highly effective.
*Renshen Yangwei Tang* (Ginseng Stomach-Nourishing Decoction) treats exterior contraction of wind-cold and interior injury from cold-raw foods, seasonal epidemic febrile diseases (Wenyi), or malaria caused by dietary injury to the spleen (formula see *Jufang*).
It is *Pingwei San* (Regularize the Stomach Powder) modified with Ren Shen, Fu Ling, Ban Xia, Caoguo, Huoxiang, Shengjiang, and Wumei, decocted together.
Note: This is a modification of *Pingwei San*, derived from the Taoyin (Taiyin) Nongpu category. All the aforementioned formulas consist of warming and drying aromatic herbs, presuming this disease is due to spleen cold. However, people use them and sometimes find them effective, thus labeling them as excellent prescriptions for treating malaria. Little do they know that this merely coincides with cases where yin and yang are combined and spleen qi is stagnated. Temporary warming and dispersing allows qi to move easily; turbid fluids congeal into phlegm, blocking the Zhongwan point. The drying and heat properties temporarily open this blockage, so qi flows and the disease stops. As stated in the *Neijing*: "When the patient is vigorous, qi moves and the disease resolves." This method was established by ancients for patients with shallow pathogenic factors and robust constitutions. If applied to individuals with weak middle qi and internal stagnant fire, using drying and hot herbs will further deplete the righteous qi, leading to greater deficiency. Who would bear the blame?
*Yanshi Qingpi Tang* (Dr. Yan's Spleen-Clearing Decoction) treats Dan malaria (hot malaria), characterized by a wiry and rapid pulse, fever without chills, or more heat than chills, bitter taste in the mouth, dry throat, and dark, scanty urination and defecation.
Aurantii Fructus Viridis (Qingpi), Magnoliae Cortex (Nongpu), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu), Tsaoko Fructus (Caoguo), Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu), Poria (Fuling), Pinelliae Rhizoma (Banxia), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle (Gancao, honey-fried) (equal parts).
Coarsely crush the herbs. Add five slices of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang) and decoct.
Note: This is a modification of *Xiaochaihu Tang* (Minor Bupleurum Decoction). Treating bitter taste, dry throat, and dark/scanty excretions addresses internal heat. Chaihu and Huangqin are used to drain Shaoyang heat. This represents a variation from the previous formula's warming-spleen approach. The name "Clearing Spleen" indicates its intent. However, combining cooling herbs like Huangqin with warming/drying herbs like Caoguo shows a failure to completely break away from conventional practices.
*Sanyin Sibao Yin* (Three Causes Four-Beast Decoction) treats malaria caused by deficiency of qi in the five zang organs, complicated by emotional disturbances, leading to the accumulation of fluid retention (Xianyin) that clashes with defensive qi (Wei Qi). It also treats malarial miasma.
Pinelliae Rhizoma (Banxia), Poria (Fuling), Ginseng Radix (Renshen), Tsaoko Fructus (Caoguo), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao), Mume Fructus (Wumei rou), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu) (equal parts).
Coarsely crush the herbs. Mix with equal parts of Zizyphi Fructus (Zao) and Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang). Marinate with a little salt. Wrap in thick bark paper and roast until fragrant and cooked. Dry in a mortar. For each dose of half a liang, decoct in water. Take three doses consecutively before the onset of symptoms.
Note: This is a modification of *Sijunzi Tang* (Four Gentlemen Decoction), derived from the Taoyin herb category.
*Qizao Tang* (Seven-Jujube Decoction) treats malaria arising suddenly from the conflict of yin and yang due to qi deficiency in the five zang organs, regardless of whether chills or fever comes first.
Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi) (one piece, processed: soaked in salt water and processed again, repeated seven times; remove skin and umbilical scar).
Coarsely chop the herb. Decoct with one bowl of water, seven slices of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang), and seven Zizyphi Fructus (Zao) until reduced to 80%. Take warm on an empty stomach on the day of onset.
Note: Chen Wuyue stated that emotional disturbances cause stagnant qi to form malaria. Therefore, these two formulas treat conditions of qi deficiency in the five zang organs and accumulated fluid retention. It remains unclear which aspect focuses on tonifying deficiency, which on dispersing stagnant nodules, and which on guiding out phlegm. Students should examine this carefully.