王肯堂曰∶缓疽其患热缓慢，积日不溃，久乃赤紫黯色，皮肉俱坏，故名缓疽。
是寒气深伏腿膝骨间而成，治宜温补。（《准绳》）
《心法》曰∶缓疽由外寒深袭，血瘀凝滞而成。生于两膝上，或生于两膝傍，肿
硬如馒，木痛日增，其色紫黯，积日不溃。证之情形与下石疽相似，惟多 热，肿久
则腐烂肌肉皮肤，治与痈疽门法同。
申斗垣曰∶下 HT 又名膝弯痈，乃肾经感受寒湿，攻注膀胱，血凝气滞，风寒
不散，遂成此证。治当千金内托散加木通、车前子、何首乌、淡竹叶。（《启玄》）
\r委中毒\p04-a41a189.bmp\r
王肯堂曰∶委中毒在膝后折纹，即膝后 内约纹中，坚硬如石，微红微肿，属
少阳胆经。由脏腑积热流入膀胱，治之稍迟，则筋缩必成废疾。（《准绳》）
申斗垣曰∶委中毒生于膝弯内，乃肾经气血阻滞而成。（《启玄》）
《心法》曰∶委中毒生委中穴。（穴在膝后 中央约纹陷中即是。约纹者，折纹也，又名血 穴，属
膀胱经，俗名腿凹。）经曰∶ 中由胆经积热流入膀胱，壅遏不行而成。木硬肿痛微红，屈
伸艰难，治宜速用活血化瘀，逐下恶血为效；缓则筋缩而成废疾。诸书皆云∶兼刺
委中穴血出自消，然刺穴，必兼有腰痛不能转移者，方可刺之，即出血亦不可过多，
多则令人身扑，面色脱色。亦有 痛色赤溃速者，由湿热凝结所致故耳。
王肯堂说：缓疽这种病症，其热势缓慢，经过多日也不溃破，时间久了皮肤和肌肉呈现赤紫暗色，皮肉都腐烂坏死，所以叫作缓疽。
这是由于寒气深伏在腿膝骨缝之间而形成的，治疗应当采用温补的方法。（出自《医学准绳六要》）
《医宗心法》说：缓疽是由外感寒邪深入侵袭，导致血液瘀滞凝结而成。生于两膝上方，或生于两膝旁边，肿胀坚硬像馒头一样，麻木疼痛且日益加重，颜色紫暗，经过多日也不溃破。证候情形与下石疽相似，只是多伴有热象，肿胀久了则腐烂肌肉皮肤，治疗方法与痈疽门中的方法相同。
申斗垣说：下髀（注：原文“HT”为“髀”字异体或误植，指大腿后侧/膝弯处）又名膝弯痈，这是肾经感受寒湿之邪，攻注于膀胱经，导致血液凝涩、气机阻滞，风寒之邪不散，于是形成此证。治疗应当用千金内托散加入木通、车前子、何首乌、淡竹叶。（出自《外科启玄》）
委中毒
王肯堂说：委中毒生在膝盖后面的折纹处，即膝盖后面腘窝内侧的纹路中，坚硬像石头一样，微微发红微微肿胀，属于少阳胆经。这是由于脏腑积热流入膀胱所致，如果治疗稍微迟缓，就会导致筋脉收缩，必然造成残疾。（出自《医学准绳六要》）
申斗垣说：委中毒生在膝盖弯曲的内侧，这是由肾经气血阻滞而形成的。（出自《外科启玄》）
《医宗心法》说：委中毒生在委中穴。（穴位位于膝盖后方腘窝中央的横纹凹陷处即是。所谓的约纹，就是折纹，又名血郄穴，属于膀胱经，俗称腿凹。）经文说：委中毒是由于胆经积热流入膀胱，壅塞遏阻不能通行而形成的。患处木质般坚硬、肿痛且微红，屈伸困难，治疗应当迅速使用活血化瘀的方法，驱逐下方的恶血才能见效；如果拖延，则会导致筋脉收缩而形成残疾。各种书籍都说：同时针刺委中穴放出血液，病证自然消除，然而针刺穴位，必须兼有腰痛且身体无法转动的症状时，才可以针刺，即使出血也不可过多，多了会导致人跌倒休克，面色苍白。也有患部疼痛、颜色赤红、溃破迅速的，这是由湿热凝结所导致的缘故。
Wang Kentang stated: Huan Ju (Slow Abscess) is a condition where the heat manifests slowly, failing to suppurate after many days. Over time, the skin and flesh turn dark red-purple and necrotic, hence the name "Huan Ju" (Slow Abscess).
This arises from cold pathogenic factors deeply lodged between the bones of the legs and knees; treatment should employ warming and tonifying methods. (From *Yixue Zhunsheng*)
*Yizong Xinfa* states: Huan Ju is formed by deep invasion of external cold, leading to blood stasis and coagulation. It appears above both knees or on the sides of both knees, swelling hard like a steamed bun, with increasing numbness and pain, and a purple-dark color, failing to suppurate after many days. The clinical presentation resembles Xia Shi Ju (Lower Stone Abscess), except for the presence of heat; prolonged swelling leads to rotting of muscles and skin. The treatment follows the same principles as those in the Carbuncle and Ulcer section.
Shen Douyuan stated: Xia Bi (Lower Thigh/Knee Bend) is also known as Xi Wan Yong (Knee Bend Carbuncle). This occurs when the Kidney Meridian contracts cold-dampness, which attacks the Bladder Meridian, causing blood coagulation and Qi stagnation, with wind-cold failing to dissipate, thus forming this syndrome. Treatment should utilize Qianjin Neituo San (Thousand-Gold Internal Support Decoction) added with Mutong (Akebiae Caulis), Cheqianzi (Plantaginis Semen), Heshouwu (Polygoni Multiflori Radix), and Danzhuyez (Lophatheri Folium). (From *Waike Xuanyuan*)
Wei Zhong Du (Popliteal Fossa Abscess)
Wang Kentang stated: Wei Zhong Du occurs at the crease behind the knee, specifically within the medial fold of the popliteal fossa. It is hard as stone, slightly red and swollen, and belongs to the Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian. It results from accumulated heat in the Zang-Fu organs flowing into the Bladder. If treatment is delayed even slightly, tendon contraction will occur, inevitably leading to disability. (From *Yixue Zhunsheng*)
Shen Douyuan stated: Wei Zhong Du arises in the inner curve of the knee, caused by obstruction of Qi and Blood in the Kidney Meridian. (From *Waike Xuanyuan*)
*Yizong Xinfa* states: Wei Zhong Du occurs at the Weizhong Acupoint. (The acupoint is located in the depression at the center of the transverse crease behind the knee. The "Yue Wen" refers to the crease, also known as the Xueqi Acupoint, belonging to the Bladder Meridian, commonly called the leg hollow.) The classic text states: Wei Zhong Du is formed because accumulated heat from the Gallbladder Meridian flows into the Bladder, becoming obstructed and unable to circulate. The affected area is woody-hard, painful, swollen, and slightly red, with difficulty in flexion and extension. Treatment should rapidly employ methods to invigorate blood and resolve stasis, driving out the foul blood below for efficacy; if delayed, tendon contraction will lead to disability. All books state that puncturing the Weizhong Acupoint to release blood will cause the disease to subside. However, one must only puncture the acupoint if there are concomitant symptoms of lower back pain and inability to move the body freely. Even then, bleeding should not be excessive; too much blood loss can cause the patient to collapse and lose facial color. There are cases where the pain is severe, the color is bright red, and it suppurates quickly; these are caused by the condensation of damp-heat.