便秘不食解毒汤，脾虚不食参术良，不食咽肿甘桔剂，伤食恶食平胃尝。
【注】痘疮赖气血以成功，气血藉饮食以生化，自起胀、灌浆以至收靥、结痂，俱以
胃壮为根本。故痘中遇不食之证，须要明辨。如大便秘结，痘疮 紫不食，此毒盛血热也，
宜凉血解毒汤加黄芩、黄连、大黄主之。若痘色灰白，泄泻不食，此脾气虚弱也，人参
白术散主之。行浆时欲食而复畏食，此咽门肿痛，难以下咽也，宜加味甘桔汤主之。设
喜食过多，恶食不食，乃内伤饮食，胃有宿滞也，宜加味平胃散主之。
凉血解毒汤（方见结痂落痂证治）
人参白术散（方见喘证）
加味甘桔汤（方见呛水）
加味平胃散（方见腹痛）
热少汗微营卫畅，太过须防阴液亡，自汗不止保元剂，盗汗夜热六黄汤。
【注】卫气乃护卫皮肤，固守津液，使不走泄者也。痘证见此，是痘毒之火由里达表，
干于卫气，腠理疏，故汗出矣。初见有微汗者，是荣卫通畅，毒从汗解，实良候也。但
汗为血液，太过则阴液必亡，须紧防之。如起胀后大汗不止，未行浆，恐不能灌；既行
浆，恐不能靥；既靥，尤恐气血虚脱，最为可畏。自汗为阳虚，急于敛汗，以保元汤主
之；盗汗为阴虚，急于降火，以当归六黄汤主之。
加味保元汤
人参 黄 （蜜炙） 浮小麦 甘草（炙） 广桂枝 白芍（炒）
水煎服。
【方歌】阳虚汗出用保元，人参黄 浮麦甘，广桂枝同白芍药，敛汗实腠此为先。
当归六黄汤
黄芩 黄柏 黄连 生地 熟地 当归 黄 （生）
水煎服。
【方歌】六黄汤敛阴虚汗，黄芩黄柏共黄连，生熟地黄当归配，黄 倍用效通仙。
便秘且食欲不振，宜用解毒汤；脾气虚弱导致食欲不振，用人参白术散为宜；食欲不振伴有咽喉肿痛，宜用甘桔剂；因饮食积滞导致的厌恶进食或食欲不振，宜服用平胃散。
【注】痘疮的痊愈依赖于气血的作用，而气血的生化又依赖于饮食摄入。从起胀、灌浆到收靥、结痂的全过程，都以胃气强健为根本。因此，在痘证中遇到食欲不振的情况，必须仔细辨别。如果大便秘结，痘色紫暗且食欲不振，这是毒盛血热的表现，宜用凉血解毒汤加黄芩、黄连、大黄来主治。如果痘色灰白，伴有泄泻和食欲不振，这是脾气虚弱的表现，宜用人参白术散主治。在行浆阶段，患者想吃却又害怕吃东西，这是因为咽喉门户肿痛，难以吞咽，宜用加味甘桔汤主治。如果因为贪吃过多，导致厌恶进食或食欲不振，这是内伤饮食，胃中有宿食停滞，宜用加味平胃散主治。
凉血解毒汤（方剂见“结痂落痂证治”章节）
人参白术散（方剂见“喘证”章节）
加味甘桔汤（方剂见“呛水”章节）
加味平胃散（方剂见“腹痛”章节）
发热轻微、出汗微少，说明营卫通畅；出汗过多则需防止阴液耗亡；自汗不止者，宜用保元汤；盗汗伴夜间发热者，宜用当归六黄汤。
【注】卫气的作用是护卫皮肤，固守津液，使其不致外泄。痘证出现汗出症状，是痘毒之火由里达表，干扰了卫气，导致腠理疏松，从而汗出。初起时有微汗，说明荣卫通畅，毒邪随汗而解，这实际上是良好的征象。但汗为血液之液，出汗过多则阴液必然耗亡，必须紧密防范。如果在起胀后大汗不止，尚未进行灌浆，恐怕无法完成灌浆；如果已经完成灌浆，恐怕无法收靥；如果已经收靥，尤其担心气血虚脱，这种情况最为可怕。自汗属于阳虚，急需收敛止汗，以保元汤主治；盗汗属于阴虚，急需降火，以当归六黄汤主治。
加味保元汤
人参 黄芪（蜜炙） 浮小麦 甘草（炙） 广桂枝 白芍（炒）
用水煎服。
【方歌】阳虚汗出用保元，人参黄芪浮麦甘草，广桂枝同白芍药，敛汗实腠此为先。
Constipation accompanied by anorexia is treated with Jiedu Tang (Detoxification Decoction); anorexia due to Spleen Qi deficiency is best treated with Renshen Baizhu San (Ginseng and Atractylodes Macrocephala Powder); anorexia accompanied by pharyngeal swelling is treated with Ganjie Ji (Licorice and Platycodon Preparation); aversion to food or anorexia caused by food stagnation is treated with Pingwei Chang (Pingwei Powder).
[Note] The resolution of smallpox/rash relies on the efficacy of Qi and Blood, while the generation and transformation of Qi and Blood depend on dietary intake. From the stage of swelling and pustule formation to scabbing and crust formation, all stages are fundamentally rooted in strong Stomach Qi. Therefore, when encountering anorexia in rash diseases, careful differentiation is required. If there is constipation, dark purple rash color, and anorexia, this indicates excessive toxin and blood heat; it should be primarily treated with Liangxue Jiedu Tang (Cooling Blood and Detoxifying Decoction) added with Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), and Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma). If the rash color is grayish-white, accompanied by diarrhea and anorexia, this indicates Spleen Qi deficiency; it should be treated with Renshen Baizhu San (Ginseng and Atractylodes Macrocephala Powder). During the pustule formation stage, if the patient desires to eat but fears eating, this is due to pain and swelling at the throat gate making swallowing difficult; it should be treated with Jiawei Ganjie Tang (Modified Licorice and Platycodon Decoction). If excessive eating leads to aversion to food or anorexia, this is internal injury from diet, with old food stagnation in the Stomach; it should be treated with Jiawei Pingwei San (Modified Pingwei Powder).
Liangxue Jiedu Tang (Formula see "Treatment of Scabbing and Crust Falling" chapter)
Renshen Baizhu San (Formula see "Wheezing Syndrome" chapter)
Jiawei Ganjie Tang (Formula see "Choking on Water" chapter)
Jiawei Pingwei San (Formula see "Abdominal Pain" chapter)
Mild fever and slight sweating indicate smooth circulation of Ying (Nutrient) and Wei (Defensive) Qi; excessive sweating requires vigilance against the loss of Yin fluids; spontaneous sweating that does not stop is treated with Baoyuan Tang (Preserve the Origin Decoction); night sweats accompanied by nighttime fever are treated with Danggui Liu Huang Tang (Angelica Hexa-Huang Decoction).
[Note] Wei Qi (Defensive Qi) functions to protect the skin and secure Jin Ye (Body Fluids), preventing their leakage. The appearance of sweating in rash diseases indicates that the fire of the rash toxin has moved from the interior to the exterior, interfering with Wei Qi, causing the Cou Li (interstices/pores) to become loose, resulting in sweating. The initial appearance of slight sweating indicates that Ying and Wei are unobstructed and toxins are resolved through sweat; this is actually a favorable sign. However, since sweat is derived from blood fluids, excessive sweating will inevitably lead to the loss of Yin fluids, which must be closely guarded against. For example, if profuse sweating continues after swelling begins, before pustule formation, one may fear failure to form pustules; if pustules have formed, one may fear failure to scab; if scabs have formed, one particularly fears depletion of Qi and Blood, which is the most feared complication. Spontaneous sweating belongs to Yang deficiency and urgently requires stopping sweating; it is treated with Baoyuan Tang (Preserve the Origin Decoction); night sweats belong to Yin deficiency and urgently require descending fire; it is treated with Danggui Liu Huang Tang (Angelica Hexa-Huang Decoction).
Jiawei Baoyuan Tang (Modified Preserve the Origin Decoction)
Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Huangqi (Astragali Radix - honey-fried), Fuxiaomai (Tritici Levis Fructus), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma - fried), Guang Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus), Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba - stir-baked).
Decoct in water and take orally.
[Formula Song] For sweating due to Yang deficiency, use Baoyuan; Ginseng, Astragalus, Floating Wheat, and Licorice, combined with Cinnamon Twig and White Peony Root, first to consolidate interstices and stop sweating.
Danggui Liu Huang Tang (Angelica Hexa-Huang Decoction)
Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix), Shudi (Rehmanniae Radix Preparata), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Huangqi (Astragali Radix - raw).
Decoct in water and take orally.
[Formula Song] Liu Huang Tang stops sweating due to Yin deficiency; Scutellaria, Phellodendron, and Coptidis together; Raw and Prepared Rehmannia paired with Angelica, double dose of Astragalus yields immortal efficacy.