论气虚血虚
天师曰∶虚症亦多，我举一二以概其余。虚治者，非气虚，即血虚也。气虚如人不能饮食，食之而
不能化者是；血虚者，面色黄瘦，或出汗盗汗，或夜眠常醒，不能润色以养筋者是也。盖饮食入胃，必须
胃气充足，始能化糟粕而生津液，气既自馁，何能化饮食也。方用人参二钱，黄 三钱，白术三钱，陈
皮五分，甘草一钱，麦芽五分，神曲五分，山楂五粒，炮姜一钱，茯苓三钱，水煎服。此方参、苓、 、
术，纯是健脾开胃之品；又恐饮食难消，复加山楂、神曲、
麦芽之类以消之。则胃气既旺，又何愁饮食之不化，津液之不生耶。
血虚自当补血，舍四物汤又何求耶。余今不用四物汤，用麦冬三钱，熟地一两，桑叶一片，枸杞子
三钱，茜草一钱，当归五钱，水煎服。此方妙在用桑叶以补阴而生血，又妙加入茜草，则血得活而
益生，又况济之熟地、麦冬、当归，大剂以共生之，则血足色润而筋舒也。外症既见改观，则内自
安而寐适，心气得养，又宁有盗汗之生哉。此虚治之法也。
张公曰∶虚治亦不止补气补血，盖此二方，实可统治之。甚矣，天师立方之妙也。别有加减之法∶
气虚方中，倘伤米食，加麦芽五分；伤肉食，加山楂十粒；伤面食，加萝卜子五分∶有痰，加半夏一
钱，白芥子一钱；咳嗽，加苏子一钱，桔梗二钱；伤风，柴胡二钱；夜卧不安，加炒枣仁二钱；胸中
若微疼，加枳壳五分。血虚方中，亦同前加减法治之。
华君曰∶尚有一方，并传子。有气血两虚之人，饮食不进，形容枯槁，补其气而血益燥，补其血而
气益馁，助胃气而盗汗难止，补血脉而胸膈阻滞，法当气血同治。方用人参一钱，白术一钱，甘草八分，
陈皮五分，茯苓二钱，当归二钱，白芍三钱，熟地三钱，川芎一钱，神曲五分，麦冬五钱，谷芽一钱，水
煎服。此方气血双补，与八珍汤同功，而此更妙于八珍者也，妙在补中有调和之法耳。
陈士铎（号天师）说：虚证有很多种，我列举其中一两种来概括其余的情况。治疗虚证的方法，无非是气虚和血虚两类。所谓气虚，是指人无法进食，或者吃了食物却无法消化的情况；所谓血虚，是指面色萎黄消瘦，或者出现自汗、盗汗，或者夜间睡眠经常醒来，不能滋润面色并濡养筋脉的情况。大概饮食进入胃中，必须依靠充足的胃气，才能将糟粕转化为津液，如果胃气本身已经虚弱，又怎么能消化食物呢？因此方剂使用人参二钱，黄芪三钱，白术三钱，陈皮五分，甘草一钱，麦芽五分，神曲五分，山楂五粒，炮姜一钱，茯苓三钱，加水煎服。这个方子中的人参、茯苓、黄芪、白术，纯粹是健脾开胃的药物；又担心饮食难以消化，所以再加上山楂、神曲、麦芽之类的药物来帮助消化。既然胃气旺盛了，还担心饮食不化、津液不生吗？
血虚自然应当补血，除了四物汤还能寻求什么呢？我现在不使用四物汤，而是用麦冬三钱，熟地黄一两，桑叶一片，枸杞子三钱，茜草一钱，当归五钱，加水煎服。这个方子的妙处在于使用桑叶来补阴而生血，更妙的是加入茜草，使得血液流通而更加有益，再加上熟地黄、麦冬、当归的大剂量配合共同生成血液，那么血液充足、面色润泽且筋脉舒缓。外在症状既然有了改观，内在自然安宁且睡眠舒适，心气得到滋养，哪里还会有盗汗产生呢？这就是治疗虚证的方法。
张公说：治疗虚证也不仅仅只是补气补血，可以说这两个方子实际上可以统摄治疗。天师的处方真是精妙啊。另外还有加减的方法：在气虚方中，如果是伤了米食，加麦芽五分；伤了肉食，加山楂十粒；伤了面食，加萝卜子五分；有痰，加半夏一钱，白芥子一钱；咳嗽，加苏子一钱，桔梗二钱；伤风，加柴胡二钱；夜间卧睡不安，加炒酸枣仁二钱；胸中如果有轻微疼痛，加枳壳五分。血虚方中，也按照前面的加减法进行治疗。
华君说：还有一个方子，一并传授给你。对于气血两虚的人，饮食不进，形体枯槁，补其气则血更加燥热，补其血则气更加虚弱，助胃气则盗汗难止，补血脉则胸膈阻滞，治疗方法应当气血同治。方剂用人参一钱，白术一钱，甘草八分，陈皮五分，茯苓二钱，当归二钱，白芍三钱，熟地黄三钱，川芎一钱，神曲五分，麦冬五钱，谷芽一钱，加水煎服。这个方子气血双补，功效与八珍汤相同，但这个方子比八珍汤更精妙，精妙之处在于补益之中含有调和的方法。
Chen Shiduo (styled Tianshi) said: Deficiency syndromes are numerous; I will cite one or two examples to generalize the rest. The treatment of deficiency involves either Qi deficiency or Blood deficiency. Qi deficiency is characterized by an inability to eat, or eating without being able to digest; Blood deficiency is manifested as a sallow and emaciated complexion, spontaneous sweating, night sweats, frequent waking during sleep, and an inability to nourish the complexion and moisten the sinews. Generally, after food enters the Stomach, sufficient Stomach Qi is required to transform residues into body fluids; if Qi is already deficient, how can it digest food? Therefore, the prescription uses Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) 2 qian, Huang Qi (Astragali Radix) 3 qian, Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) 3 qian, Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) 5 fen, Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) 1 qian, Mai Ya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus) 5 fen, Shen Qu (Massa Medicata Fermentata) 5 fen, Shan Zha (Crataegi Fructus) 5 li, Pao Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Preparatum) 1 qian, Fu Ling (Poria) 3 qian, decocted in water and taken orally. This formula contains Ren Shen, Fu Ling, Huang Qi, and Bai Zhu, which are purely herbs for strengthening the Spleen and opening the appetite; furthermore, fearing that digestion might be difficult, Shan Zha, Shen Qu, and Mai Ya are added to aid digestion. With robust Stomach Qi, why worry about indigestion or lack of fluid production?
Blood deficiency naturally calls for tonifying Blood; what else could one seek besides Si Wu Tang (Four Substances Decoction)? However, I do not use Si Wu Tang here. Instead, I use Mai Dong (Ophiopogonis Radix) 3 qian, Shu Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix Preparata) 1 liang, Sang Ye (Mori Folium) 1 leaf, Gou Qi Zi (Lycii Fructus) 3 qian, Qian Cao (Rubiae Radix et Rhizoma) 1 qian, Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) 5 qian, decocted in water and taken orally. The brilliance of this formula lies in using Sang Ye to nourish Yin and generate Blood, and cleverly adding Qian Cao so that the Blood becomes active and thus more beneficial. Coupled with large doses of Shu Di Huang, Mai Dong, and Dang Gui to jointly generate Blood, the Blood becomes sufficient, the complexion lustrous, and the sinews relaxed. As external symptoms improve, internal peace ensues, sleep becomes comfortable, Heart Qi is nourished, and there will be no night sweats. This is the method for treating deficiency.
Master Zhang said: Treating deficiency is not limited to tonifying Qi and Blood; indeed, these two formulas can effectively manage both cases. The Master's prescription methods are truly exquisite. There are also modification rules: In the Qi deficiency formula, if damaged by rice food, add Mai Ya 5 fen; if damaged by meat, add Shan Zha 10 li; if damaged by wheat/noodle food, add Luo Bo Zi (Raphani Semen) 5 fen; if there is Phlegm, add Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) 1 qian, Bai Jie Zi (Sinapis Semen) 1 qian; if coughing, add Su Zi (Perillae Fructus) 1 qian, Jie Geng (Platycodonis Radix) 2 qian; if affected by Wind-Cold, add Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix) 2 qian; if restless at night, add Chao Zao Ren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen Preparatum) 2 qian; if there is slight pain in the chest, add Zhi Ke (Aurantii Fructus) 5 fen. The Blood deficiency formula is modified according to the same principles.
Master Hua said: There is another formula, which I pass on to you. For individuals with dual Qi and Blood deficiency who have poor appetite and emaciation, tonifying Qi may make Blood drier, while tonifying Blood may weaken Qi further; assisting Stomach Qi may fail to stop night sweats, and tonifying Blood vessels may cause stagnation in the chest and diaphragm. The treatment should address both Qi and Blood simultaneously. The prescription uses Ren Shen 1 qian, Bai Zhu 1 qian, Gan Cao 8 fen, Chen Pi 5 fen, Fu Ling 2 qian, Dang Gui 2 qian, Bai Shao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) 3 qian, Shu Di Huang 3 qian, Chuan Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) 1 qian, Shen Qu 5 fen, Mai Dong 5 qian, Gu Ya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus) 1 qian, decocted in water and taken orally. This formula tonifies both Qi and Blood, having the same effect as Ba Zhen Tang (Eight Treasures Decoction), but is superior to Ba Zhen Tang because it incorporates harmonizing methods within its tonification.