《金匮》痉篇太阳病发热汗出而不恶寒者，名曰柔痉。《脉经》及成本《伤寒》同。近
嘉定
黄校《脉经》本云不恶寒，一作恶寒。案黄序于所言一作某者，多据元泰定谢校本，谢校
本又多据宋熙凝林校本，非不足据也。明刻《医统正脉》林校本有“不”字者，传写误衍。
幸《病源》伤寒痉候录柔痉，亦无“不”字，与元泰定本《脉经》同。明王肯堂校《千金翼
》卷九亦云不恶寒，一作恶寒。然则《千金翼》亦有无“不”字者。巢、孙二书，多据《金
匮》也。《金匮》又云∶病者身热足寒，颈项强急，恶寒，时头热，面赤，目脉赤，独头摇
，卒口噤，背反张者，痉病也。彼经是释痉病之纲，特揭“恶寒”二字，则知痉未有不恶寒
者。以经证经，尤为可据。盖刚柔之分，分于汗不分于恶寒也。此一字所关非小，不得不辨
。
《金匮》果食菜谷禁忌云∶春秋二时，龙带精入芹菜中，人偶食之为病，发时手背腹满
痛不
可忍，名蛟龙病。泉谓病得之误食龙精，与蛟无涉。“蛟”当为“咬”字之误，在“龙”字
下。病名龙咬者，以龙精入腹，变生小龙，咬人肠胃，故腹满痛不可忍。方下云吐如蜥蝎，
可见龙精固能生子于腹中也。作咬为是。古“咬”字恒误作蛟。《灵·厥病》云∶肠中有虫
瘕及蛟 ，皆不可取以小针，心腹痛，发作肿聚，往来上下行，痛有休止，腹中热喜渴，涎
出者，是蛟 也。（今本“发”作“ ”，“作”字下有“痛”字，舛误不可读。兹从《脉
经
》、《千金》、《外台》引参正。）二“蛟 ”字。《脉经》、《千金》、《外台》引皆作
“蛔咬”，而经误且倒，正与此同。以蛟 证蛟龙，尚何疑哉？又案∶以夏小正鸣札之义例
之，则作咬龙亦可，以先知其咬，后知为龙也。咬 仿此。
《金匮要略》痉病篇中提到：太阳病，出现发热、汗出且不恶寒的症状，称为柔痉。《脉经》及成无己注本的《伤寒论》与此相同。近代嘉定黄氏校勘的《脉经》版本记载为“不恶寒”，并注有另一种版本作“恶寒”。经查考，黄序言中提到的“一作某”（即另一版本写作某字）的情况，大多依据元代泰定年间谢氏校本，而谢校本又多依据宋代熙宁年间林亿校本，这些并非没有参考价值。明代刻本《医统正脉》中的林亿校本中有“不”字，这是传抄过程中错误衍生的结果。幸好《诸病源候论》伤寒痉病候中记录柔痉时，也没有“不”字，与元代泰定本《脉经》相同。明代王肯堂校订的《千金翼方》卷九也记载为“不恶寒”，并注明另一版本作“恶寒”。由此可见，《千金翼方》也有没有“不”字的版本。巢元方和孙思邈的两部著作，多依据《金匮要略》。《金匮要略》又记载：病人身体发热、脚冷，颈项强直拘急，恶寒，有时头部发热，面部发红，眼目脉络充血，只有头部摇动，突然牙关紧闭，角弓反张的，是痉病。这部经典是在阐释痉病的纲领，特意提出“恶寒”二字，由此可知痉病没有不恶寒的。用经文来印证经文，更有说服力。刚痉与柔痉的区别，在于有汗和无汗，而不在于是否恶寒。这一个字的差异关系重大，不得不加以辨析。
《金匮要略》饮食禁忌部分提到：春秋两季，龙携带精液进入芹菜中，人偶然食用后发病，发作时手背腹部满痛难以忍受，称为蛟龙病。我认为此病得之于误食龙精，与蛟无关。“蛟”字应当是“咬”字的误写，位于“龙”字之下。病名叫做“龙咬”，是因为龙精进入腹中，变生出小龙，咬噬人的肠胃，所以腹部满痛难以忍受。该方剂下记载呕吐物像蜥蜴，可见龙精确实能在腹中生子。写作“咬”是正确的。古文中“咬”字常误写为“蛟”。《灵枢·厥病》篇记载：肠中有虫瘕及蛟螬，都不可用小针治疗，心腹痛，发作时肿块聚结，上下移动行走，疼痛有休止，腹部发热喜欢口渴，流涎水的，是蛟螬。（今本中“发”字作“ ”，“作”字下有“痛”字，错乱错误无法阅读。此处依据《脉经》、《千金方》、《外台秘要》引用的内容参校改正。）这两个“蛟螬”字，《脉经》、《千金方》、《外台秘要》引用时都作“蛔咬”，而且经文不仅有误还顺序颠倒，正好与此处情况相同。用“蛟螬”来验证“蛟龙”，还有什么可疑的呢？另外查考：按照《夏小正》中“鸣札”的意义体例来看，写作“咬龙”也可以，意思是先知道它咬人，后知道它是龙。同理，“咬螬”仿照此例。
In the chapter on Spasm (Jing) of *Jin Gui Yao Lue* (Essential Prescriptions of the Golden Cabinet), it is stated: In Taiyang disease (disease of the Taiyang channel), if there is fever, sweating, and no aversion to cold, it is named Rou Jing (Soft Spasm). This is consistent with *Mai Jing* (Pulse Classic) and Cheng Wuji’s annotated version of *Shang Han Lun* (Treatise on Cold Damage). The modern Jiaxing Huang’s collated edition of *Mai Jing* records "no aversion to cold," with a note that another version reads "aversion to cold." According to Huang’s preface, the instances of "one version reads [character]" are mostly based on the Xie collated edition from the Tai Ding era of the Yuan Dynasty, which in turn relied heavily on the Lin Yi collated edition from the Xi Ning era of the Song Dynasty; these sources are not without reference value. The Ming dynasty printed edition of *Yi Tong Zheng Mai*, containing the Lin Yi collation, includes the character "bu" (not), which is an erroneous addition during transcription. Fortunately, *Bing Yuan Fang Shu* (Source Book of Diseases and Syndromes) also records Rou Jing under the section on Cold Damage Spasm without the character "bu," consistent with the Yuan Tai Ding edition of *Mai Jing*. Wang Kentang’s collated edition of *Qian Jin Yi Fang* (Supplement to the Thousand Golden Formulas), Volume 9, also states "no aversion to cold," noting another version as "aversion to cold." Thus, *Qian Jin Yi Fang* also has versions without the character "bu." The works of Chao Yuanfang and Sun Simiao largely rely on *Jin Gui Yao Lue*. *Jin Gui Yao Lue* further states: If a patient has body heat, cold feet, stiff and rigid neck and nape, aversion to cold, occasional heat in the head, red face, congested eye vessels, only the head shaking, sudden locking of the jaw, and opisthotonos (back arching backward), this is a Jing disease (Spasm disease). This classic text explains the general principles of Jing disease, specifically highlighting the term "aversion to cold," indicating that Jing disease invariably involves aversion to cold. Using the scripture to verify the scripture provides even stronger evidence. The distinction between Gang Jing (Hard Spasm) and Rou Jing lies in the presence or absence of sweating, not in the presence or absence of aversion to cold. This single character difference is significant and requires clarification.
The section on dietary taboos in *Jin Gui Yao Lue* states: During spring and autumn, dragons carry essence into celery; if humans accidentally consume it, they fall ill. Upon onset, the back of the hands and abdomen become full and painful beyond endurance, named Jiao Long Bing (Flood Dragon Disease). I believe this illness results from mistakenly consuming dragon essence and has nothing to do with Jiao (water monsters). The character "Jiao" should be a miswriting of "Yao" (bite), placed after the character "Long" (Dragon). The disease name "Long Yao" (Dragon Bite) exists because dragon essence enters the abdomen, transforms into a little dragon, bites the human intestines and stomach, causing unbearable abdominal fullness and pain. Under the prescription, it is recorded that vomiting resembles a lizard, showing that dragon essence can indeed give birth within the abdomen. Writing it as "Yao" is correct. In ancient texts, the character "Yao" was often mistakenly written as "Jiao." *Ling Shu · Jue Bing* (Spiritual Pivot · Jue Diseases) states: There are insect masses and Jiao Cao (dragon larvae/maggots) in the intestines; small needles must not be used for treatment. There is heart and abdominal pain; upon attack, swelling and accumulation occur, moving up and down, with pain having pauses; abdominal heat, thirst, and salivation indicate Jiao Cao. (In current editions, "Fa" is written as "[missing char]," and "Tong" (pain) is added under "Zuo" (acts as), making it garbled and unreadable. Here, corrections are made by referencing citations from *Mai Jing*, *Qian Jin Fang*, and *Wai Tai Mi Yao*.) These two instances of "Jiao Cao" are cited in *Mai Jing*, *Qian Jin Fang*, and *Wai Tai Mi Yao* all as "Hui Yao" (Roundworm Bite), where the original text is not only erroneous but also inverted, exactly matching this situation. Using "Jiao Cao" to verify "Jiao Long," what doubt remains? Furthermore, examining the semantic examples of "Ming Zha" in *Xia Xiao Zheng* (Minor Calendar of Summer), writing it as "Yao Long" (Biting Dragon) is also acceptable, implying first knowing it bites, then knowing it is a dragon. "Yao Cao" follows this pattern.