味甘寒。主大腹疝瘕腹满。面目浮肿。留饮宿食。破症坚积聚。利水谷道。一名主田
。生川谷。
白体赤肤。名甘汁毒。节逐珠连。圆旋指掬。结散心胸。涂周脐腹。相反相成。道通水
谷。
苏颂曰。苗短小而叶有汁。根皮赤肉白。作连珠。大如指头。张元素曰。此泄水之圣药。
水
结胸中。非此不除。但有毒不可轻用。李时珍曰。张仲景治心下留饮。与甘草同用。保命集
。凡水肿未消者。以甘遂末涂腹绕脐。服甘草水即消。王 曰。一切肿毒。敷甘遂末。饮甘
草汁即愈。二物相反。而感应如此。
味苦平。主痈肿。疽疮。散结气。止痛除热。目中赤。小儿惊痫温疟。女子阴中肿痛
。一名兔核。一名白草。生山谷。
干同芷白。喜杂林芜。枝端五叶。藤蔓多株。狡藏兔核。信应鸡孚。遏痈敛溃。质赤何
殊。
陶弘景曰。根如白芷。说文注。初生根干为芷。李白诗。林壑久已芜。苏恭曰。蔓生。
枝
端有五叶。一株下有十许根。刘迎诗。人思狡兔藏三窟。说文注。卵孚也。如期不失信也。
苏颂曰。生苗多在林中。根如鸡卵而长。三五枚同窠。又一种赤敛。花实功用皆同。但表里
俱赤耳。
味苦微寒。主邪气。皮肤中热。风搔身痒。杀三虫。子名草决明。疗唇口青。一名
草蒿。一名萋蒿。生平谷。
邻接胡麻。葙 音诡。高耸鸡冠。尖垂兔尾。雁过秋红。桃霏夏紫。披决光明。昭昭觉
视。
李时珍曰。此草多生于胡麻地中。胡麻叶亦名青 。音相近。岂以其相似而然耶。花叶
似鸡
冠。苗似苋。故谓之鸡冠苋。梢间出花。穗尖长。如鼠尾。又一种名雁来红。其叶九月鲜红
。望之如花。故名。陈藏器曰。又一种名桃朱术。花紫。五月五日。妇人收子带之。为夫所
爱。急就篇。刃端可以披决。淮南子。觉视于昭昭之宇。
【甘遂】
味甘，性寒。主治大腹疝瘕、腹部胀满、面目浮肿、体内停饮及宿食积滞。能破除症坚积聚，通利水谷之道。又名主田。生长在川谷之中。
其根体白皮赤，名为“甘汁毒”。节段如珠相连，圆润盘旋，可捧于指间。能消散心胸间的结聚，涂抹于脐周腹部。二者（指甘遂与甘草）虽相反却相成，道理在于通利水谷之道。
苏颂说：苗短小且叶中有汁，根皮赤色肉质白色，呈连珠状，大如手指头。张元素说：这是泻水的圣药。水邪结聚在胸中，不用此药不能消除。但它有毒，不可轻易使用。李时珍说：张仲景治疗心下留饮，将其与甘草同用。《保命集》记载：凡水肿未消者，用甘遂末涂敷腹部绕脐，服用甘草水即可消除。王隐之说：一切肿毒，敷上甘遂末，饮用甘草汁即可痊愈。这两味药性质相反，但感应如此奇妙。
【白蔹】
味苦，性平。主治痈肿、疽疮，散结气，止痛除热，治疗眼中发红、小儿惊痫、温疟、女子阴中肿痛。又名兔核，又名白草。生长在山谷之中。
干燥后同白芷一样洁白，喜欢杂生于林草荒芜之地。枝端生五片叶子，藤蔓多株缠绕。狡兔藏匿于“兔核”之中，确实应验了鸡孵卵的守信之喻。能遏制痈肿，收敛溃烂，质地赤红有何不同呢？
陶弘景说：根像白芷，《说文解字注》解释初生的根干称为芷。李白诗云：“林壑久已芜。”苏恭说：蔓生植物，枝端有五片叶子，一株下有十余个根。刘迎诗云：“人思狡兔藏三窟。”《说文解字注》解释：“卵孚也”，即如期不失信。苏颂说：生长的幼苗多在林中，根像鸡蛋而长，三五枚同在一处。又有一种叫赤敛，花和实的功用都相同，只是内外都呈红色罢了。
【青葙子】
味苦，微寒。主治邪气、皮肤中的热感、风搔引起的全身瘙痒、杀灭三虫。种子名叫草决明，治疗嘴唇口角发青。又名草蒿，又名萋蒿。生长在平原山谷之中。
邻近胡麻种植，青葙（音诡），高耸如鸡冠，尖垂如兔尾。秋天大雁飞过呈现红色，夏天桃花纷飞呈现紫色。披开决明之光，昭昭明亮地觉醒视觉。
李时珍说：这种草多生长在胡麻地里，胡麻叶也叫青葙（音相近），难道是因为相似才这样吗？花叶像鸡冠，苗像苋菜，所以叫它鸡冠苋。梢间开花，穗尖长，像鼠尾。又有一种叫雁来红，它的叶子九月时鲜红，望去像花，所以得名。陈藏器说：又有一种叫桃朱术，花紫，五月五日，妇人收集种子佩戴在身上，会被丈夫喜爱。《急就篇》说：“刃端可以披决。”《淮南子》说：“在昭昭之宇中觉醒视觉。”
[Galensu]
The taste is sweet and the nature is cold. It primarily treats large abdominal hernia masses (dà fù shàn zhē), abdominal distension, swelling of the face and eyes, retained fluid (liú yǐn) and old food stagnation. It breaks up hard masses and accumulations, and promotes the unblocking of water and grain pathways. Another name is Zhu Tian. It grows in river valleys.
Its root body is white with red skin, named "Gan Zhi Du" (Sweet Juice Poison). The nodes are connected like pearls, round and spiraling, graspable by the fingers. It dissipates knots in the chest and heart, and when applied around the navel and abdomen, it demonstrates that opposites can complement each other, as the principle connects to the unblocking of water and grain.
Su Song stated: The seedling is short with juice-filled leaves; the root skin is red and the flesh is white, forming a string of beads, about the thickness of a finger. Zhang Yuansu stated: This is the supreme medicine for draining water. When water pathogen knots in the chest, only this drug can eliminate it. However, it is toxic and should not be used lightly. Li Shizhen stated: Zhang Zhongjing treated retained fluid under the heart by using it together with Gancao (Licorice Root). *Baoming Ji* records: For any edema that has not subsided, apply powder of Galensu around the navel on the abdomen, and drink Licorice water to eliminate it. Wang Yinzhi said: For all kinds of swollen toxins, apply Galensu powder and drink Licorice juice to heal. These two substances are contrary, yet their interaction is so responsive.
[Bailian]
The taste is bitter and the nature is neutral. It primarily treats carbuncles and sores, disperses stagnant Qi, relieves pain, clears heat, treats redness of the eyes, pediatric convulsions and epilepsy, warm malaria, and swelling and pain in the female vagina. Another name is Tu He (Rabbit Kernel), another name is Bai Cao (White Grass). It grows in mountain valleys.
When dried, it is white like Baizhi (Angelica Dahurica), preferring to grow mixed in overgrown forests and weeds. Five leaves at the branch tips, vines growing in clusters. Cunning rabbits hide in "rabbit kernels," truly fulfilling the promise of chicken hatching eggs. It suppresses carbuncles and heals ulcers; what difference does its reddish quality make?
Tao Hongjing stated: The root resembles Baizhi. *Shuowen Jiezi* commentary notes that newly sprouted roots are called Zhi. Li Bai's poem says: "The forest and valleys have long been overgrown." Su Gong stated: It is a climbing plant with five leaves at the branch tips, and about ten roots per plant. Liu Ying's poem says: "People think of cunning rabbits hiding in three burrows." *Shuowen Jiezi* commentary notes: "Egg hatching," meaning keeping faith without delay. Su Song stated: Seedlings often grow in forests; the roots resemble chicken eggs but are longer, with three to five growing in one cluster. There is another variety called Chi Lian, where flowers and seeds have the same functions, but both inside and outside are red.
[Qingxiangzi]
The taste is bitter and the nature is slightly cold. It primarily treats evil pathogens, heat in the skin, generalized itching caused by wind scratching, and kills three types of parasites. The seed is named Cao Jueming (Grass决明/Seed of Celosia), treating bluish lips and mouth. Another name is Cao Hao, another name is Qi Hao. It grows in plains and valleys.
It grows near Sesamum indicum (Hu Ma). Qingxiang (pronounced 'gui'), towering like a rooster's comb, drooping like a rabbit's tail. Wild geese pass by in autumn turning red; peach blossoms fly in summer turning purple. Unveiling the brightness of Jueming, clearly awakening vision.
Li Shizhen stated: This herb mostly grows in Sesame fields. Sesame leaves are also called Qingxiang (similar pronunciation); could it be named so because of similarity? The flowers and leaves resemble a rooster's comb, and the seedling resembles Amaranthus, hence called Jiguan Xian (Chicken Comb Amaranth). Flowers emerge from the tips, with long, mouse-tail-like spikes. There is another variety called Yan Lai Hong (Wild Goose Coming Red), whose leaves turn bright red in September, looking like flowers, hence the name. Chen Cangqi stated: There is another variety called Tao Zhu Shu, with purple flowers. On the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, women collect the seeds to wear them, gaining their husband's love. *Jijiu Pian* states: "The blade edge can pierce through." *Huainanzi* states: "Awakening vision in the bright universe."