味酸微寒。主妇人产乳余疾。崩中症瘕。血闭寒热。羸瘦。养胎。生川谷。（即凌霄
花）
翘翘高艳。势客夤缘。龙鳞湿 。蜴足轻坚。拂云翠绕。斗日红妍。差池臭味莫解萦缠。
梅尧臣赋。慕高艳而仰翘。三柳轩杂识。凌霄花为势客。赵汝回诗。夤缘直上照残霞。
陆游
诗。老蔓烟湿苍龙鳞。群芳谱。得木而上。即高数丈。须如蝎虎。足附树上甚坚牢。白居
易诗
。朝为拂云花。杨绘诗。强攀红日斗妍明。曾巩诗。固知臭味非相类。其奈萦缠不自由。左
传。吾臭味也。而曷敢差池。
味甘平。主 疟。解毒蛊蛀不祥。利水道。久服轻身耐老。一名 猪屎。生山谷。
气感木余。枫根采掇。 采苞零。琼腴囊括。圆比竹丸。拳如松拨。升降咸宜。涤烦疗
渴。
李时珍曰。亦是木之余气所结。他木皆有。枫树为多。其块零落而下。陶弘景曰。其皮
黑
色肉白。而实者佳。陆龟蒙诗。更赋锦苞零。易。括囊无咎。李时珍曰。雷丸竹之余气所结
。一曰竹苓。群芳谱。古松枯槎不复上生者。谓之茯苓。拨有大如拳者。李时珍曰。猪苓淡
渗。升而能降。国史补。涤烦疗渴。所谓茶也。
味辛寒。主心腹痛。痈肿溃脓止痛。一名棘针。生川谷。茎如粉白。低列思名。针穿直
刺。爪利钩萦。鸨来肃肃。
蝇止营营。景风 至。赤实心诚。
苏恭曰。白棘根如粉白。李时珍曰。列生而低者。为棘。观名可辨。名医曰。一名棘针。
尔
雅翼。棘刺有直者。钩者。群芳谱。一名赤龙爪。诗。肃肃鸨翼。集于苞棘。又营营青蝇。
止于棘。白虎通德论。景风至棘造实。陈留耆旧传。夫棘中心赤。外有刺。象我言有棘。而
赤心之至诚也。
紫葳：味酸，性微寒。主治妇女产后余留的疾患，如崩漏、症瘕（腹内结块）、血闭、寒热往来、身体消瘦羸弱，以及安胎。生长在川谷地带。（即凌霄花）
花朵高高翘起，色彩艳丽，攀援依附于他物生长。其形态如龙鳞般湿润斑驳，似蜥蜴之足轻捷坚实。拂弄云彩，翠绿环绕；争逐日光，红艳明媚。气味参差不齐，难以解开其缠绕之态。梅尧臣赋诗说：“仰慕其高艳而仰望其翘首。”《三柳轩杂识》记载：“凌霄花属于攀援依附之物。”赵汝回诗云：“攀缘而上，直照残霞。”陆游诗云：“老蔓烟雾湿润，如苍龙之鳞。”《群芳谱》记载：“得木而上生，高达数丈，须根如蝎虎，足附在树上非常牢固。”白居易诗云：“早晨如同拂云之花。”杨绘诗云：“强行攀附红日，斗艳争明。”曾巩诗云：“本来知道气味不相类似，无奈那缠绕不自由。”《左传》云：“我们是同类气味，怎敢有偏差？”
猪苓：味甘，性平。主治疟疾，解毒蛊毒及不祥之气，通利水道。长期服用可使人身体轻便、延缓衰老。又名“猪屎”。生长在山谷中。
气感于树木之余气，从枫树根部采集。采撷其苞零状子实体，肉质琼浆充盈其中。形状圆如竹丸，拳曲如松拨。升降适宜，能涤除烦渴。李时珍说：“这也是树木余气所结聚而成，其他树木都有，以枫树为多。其块状物零落而下。”陶弘景说：“其皮黑色肉白色，质地坚实的为佳。”陆龟蒙诗云：“再赋锦苞零。”《易经》云：“括囊无咎。”李时珍又说：“雷丸是竹子余气所结，一名竹苓。”《群芳谱》记载：“古松枯枝不再上生的，称为茯苓。”松拨有大如拳头的。李时珍说：“猪苓淡渗，升而能降。”《国史补》记载：“涤烦疗渴，所说的茶也。”
白棘：味辛，性寒。主治心腹痛，痈肿溃脓后的止痛。又名“棘针”。生长在川谷地带。茎如粉白色。低矮排列，思其名。针刺直接刺入，爪钩锋利缠绕。鸨鸟肃肃飞来。苍蝇营营停驻。景风至时，赤色实心真诚。
苏恭说：“白棘根如粉白色。”李时珍说：“列生而低矮的，称为棘。看名字可以辨别。”《名医别录》曰：“一名棘针。”《尔雅翼》记载：“棘刺有直的，有钩的。”《群芳谱》记载：“一名赤龙爪。”《诗经》云：“肃肃鸨翼，集于苞棘。”又云：“营营青蝇，止于棘。”《白虎通德论》云：“景风至，棘造实。”《陈留耆旧传》云：“夫棘中心赤，外有刺，象征我言语中有棘刺，而赤心之至诚也。”
Ziwei: Sour in taste, slightly cold in nature. It primarily treats residual diseases in women after childbirth, such as metrorrhagia (abnormal uterine bleeding), zhengjia (abdominal masses), blood obstruction, alternating chills and fever, emaciation, and fetal calming. It grows in rivers and valleys. (It is the flower of Campsis grandiflora)
The flowers stand high and bright, climbing and clinging to other objects. Their appearance resembles moist dragon scales, light and firm like lizard feet. They brush against clouds, surrounded by greenery; they compete with the sun, displaying red brilliance. The odors are uneven and difficult to untangle. Mei Yaochen wrote in his fu: "Admiring its high brightness, one looks up to its upward tilt." *Sanliu Xuan Zashi* records: "Campsis is a climbing plant." Zhao Ruhui's poem says: "Climbing up straight, illuminating the lingering clouds." Lu You's poem says: "Old vines misty and wet, like the scales of a dark dragon." *Qunfang Pu* records: "Growing upon wood, it can reach several zhang high; its roots resemble scorpions and geckos, attaching firmly to trees." Bai Juyi's poem says: "In the morning, like flowers brushing the clouds." Yang Hui's poem says: "Forcibly climbing the red sun, competing in beauty and brightness." Zeng Gong's poem says: "Knowing well that our natures are not alike, yet helpless against the entanglement that is not free." *Zuo Zhuan* says: "We share the same odor, how dare we deviate?"
Zhuling: Sweet in taste, neutral in nature. It primarily treats malaria, detoxifies gu poison and inauspicious qi, promotes urination, and benefits water passages. Long-term consumption makes the body light and delays aging. Also known as "pig feces." It grows in mountains and valleys.
It forms from the residual qi of trees, harvested from the roots of maple trees. One gathers its lobed sclerotia, which contain rich, fleshy essence. Round like bamboo pellets, curled like pine shoots. Suitable for ascending and descending, it clears vexation and heals thirst. Li Shizhen said: "This also forms from the residual qi of trees. It exists on other trees but is most abundant on maples. Its tuberous pieces fall downwards." Tao Hongjing said: "Its skin is black and flesh white; those that are solid are best." Lu Guimeng's poem says: "Further bestowing brocade-lobed sclerotia." *I Ching* says: "Binding the bag brings no blame." Li Shizhen further stated: "Leiwan is formed from the residual qi of bamboo, also called Zhuling." *Qunfang Pu* records: "Those ancient, dead pine branches that no longer grow upwards are called Fuling." There are pine shoots as large as fists. Li Shizhen said: "Zhuling is bland and permeating, capable of ascending while also descending." *Guoshi Bu* records: "Clearing vexation and healing thirst, referring to tea."
Baiji: Pungent in taste, cold in nature. It primarily treats heart and abdominal pain, and relieves pain after the rupture of carbuncles and sores with pus. Also known as "Jizhen." It grows in rivers and valleys. The stems are powder-white. Arranged lowly in rows, thinking of its name. Needles pierce straight, claws hook and entangle. Bitterns come with rustling wings. Flies buzz and settle. When the Jing wind arrives, the red heart is sincere.
Su Gong said: "The roots of Baiji are powder-white." Li Shizhen said: "Those growing in rows and low are called Ji. One can distinguish them by their names." *Mingyi Bielu* states: "Also known as Jizhen." *Erya Yi* records: "Thorns of Ji include straight ones and hooked ones." *Qunfang Pu* records: "Also known as Chilongzhao." *Shi Jing* says: "Rustling are the wings of the bitterns, gathering on the clustered Ji." And again: "Buzzing blue flies, settling on the Ji." *Baihu Tong Delun* says: "When the Jing wind arrives, Ji bears fruit." *Chenliu Qijiu Zhuan* says: "The Ji has a red center and thorns outside, symbolizing that my words have thorns, yet possess the utmost sincerity of a red heart."