味苦寒。主疥搔痂痒。恶创。杀虱留热在骨间。明目。一名青蒿。一名方溃。生川泽
。
气早春阳。三秋余力。松桧香邻。蓬藜群植。美咏鹿鸣。臭含 息。庚伏元辰。悬庭充
食。
李时珍曰。青蒿得春木少阳之气最早。梦溪笔谈。此蒿深青如松桧之色。深秋余蒿并黄。
此
蒿犹青。礼藜莠蓬蒿并兴。诗。呦呦鹿鸣。食野之蒿。韩保升曰。其气息似 臭。故名 蒿
。月令通纂。伏内庚日。采青蒿悬于门庭辟邪。冬至元旦为末服。亦良。
味咸温。主结气。胁下满。惊悸。除水。去五脏间寒热。补中下气。一名金沸草。
一名戴椹。生川谷。
菊黄柳绿。善盗庚先。旋回罗叠。覆下钱圆。金垂滴滴。水近溅溅。香芬鼻观。目忌延
缘。
苏颂曰。叶似柳根细。六月开花如菊。深黄色。尔雅。 盗庚。李时珍曰。庚者金也。
夏开
黄花。盗窃金气也。寇宗 曰。花圆而覆下。故名旋复。群芳谱。一名叠罗金。李时珍曰。
花
形如金钱菊。水泽边生。俗传露水滴下即生。故名滴滴金。赵孟 诗。妙香清鼻观。酉阳杂
俎。李卫公言。嗅其花能损目。庄子。延缘苇间。
味辛寒。主蛊毒。咳逆。泄利。肠 。头疡。疥搔。恶创。杀诸蛊毒。去死肌。一名
葱苒。生山谷。
大叶微根。相连节短。黎裹棕心。白憨葱管。景仰山高。迟回水缓。吐嚏交通。顿驱风
瘅。
吴普曰。大叶小根相连。李时珍曰。黑色曰藜芦。裹黑皮故名。根际似葱。俗名葱管藜
芦。
北人谓之憨葱。苏颂曰。初生苗叶似棕心。又似葱白。此有二种。生高山者为佳。一种水藜
芦。生溪涧石上。不中药用。
凡使服钱许。则恶吐。又能通顶。令人嚏。李时珍曰。吐风痰者也。
【草蒿】
味苦，性寒。主治疥疮、搔抓引起的结痂瘙痒。治疗恶性的疮疡。杀灭虱子，清除骨骼间残留的热邪。明目。又名青蒿，又名方溃。生长在川泽之地。
早春阳气升发之时，三秋余气未尽。它邻近松桧的香气，与蓬草藜草群生在一起。美好的诗句咏叹鹿鸣，（其气味）含有令人厌恶的气息。庚伏元辰之日，悬挂在庭院中作为食物（或辟邪之用）。
李时珍说：青蒿最早获得春季木行少阳之气。《梦溪笔谈》记载：这种蒿颜色深青，如同松桧的颜色。深秋时节其他的蒿都变黄了，只有这种蒿依然青翠。《礼记》提到藜、莠、蓬、蒿一同兴起。《诗经》说：“呦呦鹿鸣，食野之蒿。”韩保升说：它的气味似乎带有臭味，所以名为“臭蒿”（注：原文此处可能有脱字或通假，通常指青蒿气味特殊）。《月令通纂》记载：伏天内庚日，采摘青蒿悬挂于门庭以辟邪。冬至和元旦将其研末服用，也很好。
【旋复花】
味咸，性温。主治气机郁结。胁下胀满。惊悸。消除水饮。去除五脏间的寒热。补益中气，降逆气。又名金沸草，又名戴椹。生长在川谷之地。
菊花黄柳叶绿，善于在庚日之前开花。花朵旋转重叠，覆盖下方如铜钱般圆润。金黄的花瓣垂滴，靠近水边溅起水声。香气芬芳传入鼻观。眼睛忌讳长时间凝视边缘。
苏颂说：叶子像柳根一样细，六月开花像菊花，深黄色。《尔雅》称其为“盗庚”。李时珍说：庚属金。夏季开黄花，是盗窃金气的表现。寇宗奭说：花朵圆形且向下覆盖，所以名叫旋复。《群芳谱》称其为叠罗金。李时珍说：花形像金钱菊，生长在水泽边。民间传说露水滴滴落下就能生长，所以名叫滴滴金。赵孟頫的诗写道：“妙香清鼻观。”《酉阳杂俎》记载：李卫公说嗅闻其花会损害眼睛。《庄子》中提到：“延缘苇间。”
【藜芦】
味辛，性寒。主治蛊毒。咳嗽气逆。泄泻痢疾。肠中寄生虫。头部疮疡。疥疮搔痒。恶性疮疡。杀灭各种蛊毒。去除死肌。又名葱苒。生长在山谷之中。
叶片宽大根部微小，相连处节短。外层包裹如棕心，内部洁白憨厚如葱管。景仰山之高，迟回水之缓。引发呕吐和喷嚏，顿时驱除风邪和瘴气。
吴普说：叶片大根部小，相连。李时珍说：黑色者称为藜芦，因为包裹黑皮而得名。根部际似葱，俗名葱管藜芦。北方人称之为憨葱。苏颂说：初生的苗叶像棕心，又像葱白。这有两种，生长在高山上的为佳。一种叫水藜芦，生长在溪涧石头上，不作为中药使用。
凡是服用许量的藜芦，就会引起严重的呕吐。又能通达头顶，使人打喷嚏。李时珍说：它是吐风痰的药物。
[Cao Hao (Artemisiae Annuae Herba)]
Bitter, cold. Mainly treats scabies, crusts and itching caused by scratching. Treats malignant sores. Kills lice and clears residual heat in the bones. Brightens the eyes. Also known as Qinghao, also known as Fangkui. Grows in rivers and marshes.
In early spring when yang qi rises, and in late autumn when residual qi remains. It is near the fragrance of pines and cypresses, planted in groups with weeds like pennycress and lamb's quarters. Beautiful verses praise the deer's call; its odor contains a foul scent. On the Geng Fu day, it is hung in the courtyard for food or to ward off evil.
Li Shizhen said: Qinghao obtains the Shaoyang qi of spring wood earliest. *Mengxi Bitan* records: This mugwort is deep green like the color of pines and cypresses. In late autumn, other muggorts turn yellow, but this one remains green. *Liji* mentions that pennycress, barnyard grass, groundsel, and mugwort rise together. *Shijing* says: "The deer call 'you you', eating mugwort in the wild." Han Baosheng said: Its smell seems foul, hence named "Chou Hao" (Foul Mugwort). *Yueling Tongzuan* records: On Geng days within the Sanfu period, harvest Qinghao and hang it on doors and gates to ward off evil. Grinding it into powder and taking it on Winter Solstice and New Year's Day is also good.
[Xuan Fu Hua (Inulae Flos)]
Salty, warm. Mainly treats qi stagnation. Fullness under the ribs. Palpitations. Eliminates fluid retention. Removes cold and heat between the five zang organs. Tonifies middle qi, directs rebellious qi downward. Also known as Jinfei Cao, also known as Daishen. Grows in rivers and valleys.
Chrysanthemums yellow, willows green, it excels at flowering before the Geng day. Flowers rotate and overlap, covering the bottom like round copper coins. Golden petals drip down; near water, splashes are heard. Fragrance enters the nasal observation. The eyes should avoid staring at the edges for too long.
Su Song said: Leaves are thin like willow roots, flowers bloom in June like chrysanthemums, deep yellow. *Erya* calls it "Dao Geng". Li Shizhen said: Geng belongs to Metal. Blooming yellow flowers in summer is stealing metal qi. Kou Zongshi said: Flowers are round and cover downwards, hence named Xuanfu. *Qunfang Pu* calls it Die Luo Jin. Li Shizhen said: Flower shape resembles money chrysanthemum, grows by water margins. Folk legend says dew drops falling can cause it to grow, hence named Didijin. Zhao Mengfu's poem writes: "Wonderful fragrance clears the nasal observation." *Youyang Zazu* records: Li Weigong said smelling its flowers damages the eyes. *Zhuangzi* mentions: "Extending along the reeds."
[Li Lu (Veratri Rhizoma)]
Acrid, cold. Mainly treats gu poison. Cough and rebellious qi. Diarrhea and dysentery. Intestinal parasites. Head sores. Scabies and itching. Malignant sores. Kills various gu poisons. Removes dead flesh. Also known as Congran. Grows in mountains and valleys.
Large leaves, small roots, connected with short nodes. Outer wrapping like palm heart, inner white and simple like onion tube. Admiring the height of mountains, lingering by slow waters. Induces vomiting and sneezing, instantly driving away wind pathogenic factors and miasma.
Wu Pu said: Large leaves, small roots, connected. Li Shizhen said: Black ones are called Lulu, named because they wrap black skin. The root base resembles onions, commonly named Congguan Lulu. Northerners call it Hancong. Su Song said: Newly sprouted seedlings and leaves resemble palm hearts, also like scallion whites. There are two types; those growing in high mountains are superior. One type is Shuilu, growing on rocks in streams, not used in medicine.
Whenever a certain amount is taken, it causes severe vomiting. It can also reach the crown, causing sneezing. Li Shizhen said: It is a herb that induces vomiting of wind-phlegm.