味辛寒。主症瘕积聚结气饮食寒热破坚。一名大室。一名大适。生平泽及田野。
朋侪靡草。亭室何须。黍粒黄细。荠荚青粗。异根歧角。别植长须。种分甘苦。酸味休
渝。
礼注。靡草荠葶苈之属。苏颂曰。春生苗叶。高六七寸。似荠。枝茎俱青。结角子扁小
如黍
粒。微长。黄色。又有一种狗芥草。叶近根下。作歧生。角细长。取时必须分别。周礼注。
荚物荠荚之属。雷 论。凡使勿用赤须子真相似。寇宗 曰。有甜苦二种。经言。味辛甜者。
不当入药。治体以行水走泄为用。药性论。不当言味酸。
味辛微温。主胸胁痛如刀刺。腹满肠鸣幽幽。惊恐悸气。生山谷。
沮泽庸求。有无心摄。关内葵根。嵩高杏叶。梗直疏通。蜜甘调燮。承载功同。巨川舟
楫。
战国策。求桔梗于沮泽。则累世不得一焉。苏恭曰。桔梗荠 叶有差互者。有三四对者。
皆
一茎直上。惟以根有心为别耳。苏颂曰。关中所出。根黄皮似蜀葵。叶如菊。群芳谱。生嵩
高山谷及冤句。根如指大。叶似杏叶。李时珍曰。此草之根。结实而梗直故名。名医曰。甘
草一名蜜甘。张元素曰。为肺部引经。与甘草同行。譬如铁石入江。非舟楫不载。诸药有此
一味。不能下沉也。
味苦寒。主齿痛出虫。肉痹拘急。使人健行见鬼。多食令人狂走。久服轻身。走及
奔马。强志益力通神。一名横唐。生川谷。
逐邪藏毒。放宕习闻。含苞罂贮。散粟房分。驰追蹀躞。胎乳 。饮和国老。解瞀销
棼。
陈藏器曰。取子曝干。空腹水下。能除邪逐风。勿令子破。令人发狂。李时珍曰。服之
令人
狂浪放宕故名。苏颂曰。壳作罂子状。如小石榴。房中子至细。青白色。如粟米粒。篇海。
蹀
躞。马行貌。六书故。嗜进连步貌。易。天地 。史记。王美人怀子。久而不乳。淳于意
。饮以莨荡药一撮。旋乳。张仲景曰。水莨荡误食令人狂乱。以甘草汁解之。庄子。饮入以
和。名医曰。甘草一名国老。
味辛，性寒。主治癥瘕积聚、结气、饮食寒热及破坚积。又名大室，又名大适。生长于湖泽及田野之中。
同类的细软草本植物中，亭室（指其形态或别名）何必讲究？黍米颗粒黄而细小，荠菜的荚果青而粗糙。根部异源，角果分叉，种植时须别植长须。种子分为甘、苦两种，酸味不可改变（指其本性）。
《礼记》注疏说：靡草是荠菜、葶苈之类的植物。苏颂说：春天生苗叶，高六七寸，形状像荠菜，枝茎都是青色，结出的角果扁小如黍粒，微长，黄色。又有一种狗芥草，叶子在近根处作歧生状，角果细长，采收时必须分别清楚。《周礼》注疏说：荚类植物属于荠荚之类。雷敩在《雷公炮炙论》中说：凡使用葶苈，不要用赤须子，因为真葶苈与赤须子非常相似。寇宗奭说：有甜、苦两种。经文中说：味辛且甜的，不应当入药。葶苈的药理作用以行水、走泄为主。《药性论》说：不应当说它味酸。
味辛，性微温。主治胸胁疼痛如刀刺，腹部胀满，肠鸣幽幽，惊恐悸动之气。生长在山谷之中。
沼泽湿地中寻求，是否有无心摄取的？关中的葵根，嵩山的杏叶。梗直而疏通，用蜜调和甘甜。承载之功如同渡过大河的舟楫。
《战国策》记载：在沼泽中求桔梗，则累世也得不到一个。苏恭说：桔梗的荠叶有的交错互生，有的有三四对，都是一茎直上，只有以根部是否有“心”来区别。苏颂说：关中出产的，根皮黄似蜀葵，叶像菊花。《群芳谱》说：生长在嵩高山谷及冤句，根如手指大，叶像杏叶。李时珍说：这种草的根部结实且梗直，所以得名。名医说：甘草又名蜜甘。张元素说：桔梗是肺部的引经药，与甘草同行，譬如铁石投入江中，没有舟楫就无法承载。药物中有这一味，就不能下沉。
味苦，性寒。主治齿痛出虫，肉痹拘急，使人健行见鬼。多食令人狂走，久服轻身，行走如奔马，强志益力通神。又名横唐。生长于川谷之中。
驱逐邪气藏毒，放纵荡佚习闻。含苞如罂贮，散粟房分。驰追蹀躞，胎乳饮和国老，解瞀销棼。
陈藏器说：取子曝干，空腹水下，能除邪逐风，勿令子破，令人发狂。李时珍说：服用它令人狂浪放宕，所以得名。苏颂说：壳作罂子状，如小石榴，房中子至细，青白色，如粟米粒。《篇海》说：蹀躞是马行的样子。《六书故》说：嗜进连步的样子。《易经》说：天地...《史记》说：王美人怀子，久而不乳。淳于意给她喝莨荡药一撮，随即哺乳。张仲景说：水莨荡误食令人狂乱，以甘草汁解毒。《庄子》说：饮入以和。名医说：甘草又名国老。
Acrid in flavor, cold in nature. It primarily treats masses and accumulations (zheng zha ji ju), stagnant qi, dietary cold-heat disorders, and breaking down hard accumulations. Also known as Da Shi, or Da Shi. It grows in marshes and fields.
Among the soft herbs of its kind, why worry about pavilions? The grains of millet are yellow and fine; the pods of shepherd's purse are green and coarse. Their roots differ in origin, their pods branch out; when planted, long roots must be distinguished. Seeds are divided into sweet and bitter types; the sour flavor should not alter [its true nature].
The commentary on *Li Ji* states: Mi Cao belongs to the category of shepherd's purse and Lepidium seeds. Su Song says: In spring, seedlings and leaves emerge, growing six or seven cun high, resembling shepherd's purse. The branches and stems are all green, producing flat, small pods like millet grains, slightly elongated and yellow. There is another type called Dog Mustard Grass, whose leaves grow dichotomously near the root base, with slender pods; they must be carefully distinguished during harvest. The commentary on *Zhou Li* states: Pod-bearing plants belong to the category of shepherd's purse pods. Lei Xiao in *Lei Gong Pao Zhi Lun* states: When using Lepidium seeds, do not use Chi Xu Zi, as true Lepidium seeds closely resemble Chi Xu Zi. Kou Zongshi states: There are two varieties, sweet and bitter. The classic states that those with an acrid and sweet flavor should not be used medicinally. The therapeutic action of Lepidium seeds lies in promoting water metabolism and purging downward. *Yao Xing Lun* states that it should not be described as having a sour flavor.
Acrid in flavor, slightly warm in nature. It primarily treats stabbing pain in the chest and hypochondrium, abdominal fullness, rumbling intestines, and fright-induced palpitations and qi disturbance. It grows in mountain valleys.
Seeking in damp marshes, is there any unintentional gathering? The roots of hibiscus in Guanzhong, the apricot leaves in Songshan. The stem is straight and unobstructed, harmonized with honey for sweetness. Its function of bearing weight is akin to boats and oars crossing a great river.
*Zhan Guo Ce* records: Seeking Platycodon in marshes means one may go generations without obtaining a single specimen. Su Gong states: The leaves of Platycodon, resembling shepherd's purse, either interlace or appear in pairs of three or four, all rising on a single straight stem; the distinction lies solely in whether the root has a "heart." Su Song states: Those from Guanzhong have yellow skin similar to Malva roots, and leaves resembling chrysanthemum. *Qun Fang Pu* states: It grows in the valleys of Mount Song and Yuanju; the root is finger-thick, and the leaves resemble apricot leaves. Li Shizhen states: This herb's root is solid and the stem is straight, hence the name. Famous physicians state: Licorice Root is also called Mi Gan. Zhang Yuansu states: Platycodon is a guiding herb for the Lung channel. When traveling together with Licorice Root, it is like iron or stone entering a river; without a boat, it cannot be carried. With this single herb among other medicines, they cannot sink.
Bitter in flavor, cold in nature. It primarily treats toothache with worms, flesh bi with stiffness and spasms, causes vigorous walking and hallucinations of seeing ghosts. Excessive consumption leads to manic running; long-term use lightens the body, enabling speed equal to galloping horses, strengthening willpower, increasing strength, and connecting with the divine. Also known as Heng Tang. It grows in rivers and valleys.
Expelling evil and storing toxins, indulgent and unrestrained habits are heard. Buds contained like urns, scattered like millet chambers. Galloping and prancing, nursing and drinking with the State Elder, resolving confusion and clearing turbidity.
Chen Cangqi states: Sun-dry the seeds and take them with water on an empty stomach; it can expel evil and drive away wind. Do not let the seeds break, as this causes madness. Li Shizhen states: Taking it causes manic and unrestrained behavior, hence the name. Su Song states: The shell resembles a small pomegranate urn; the seeds inside are very fine, greenish-white, like millet grains. *Pian Hai* states: Die Xie describes the gait of a horse. *Liu Shu Gu* states: A manner of eager, continuous stepping. *I Ching* states: Heaven and Earth... *Shi Ji* states: Lady Wang was pregnant but failed to lactate for a long time. Chunyu Yi gave her a pinch of Datura medicine, after which she immediately lactated. Zhang Zhongjing states: Ingesting Water Datura accidentally causes mania and confusion; it is detoxified with Licorice Root juice. *Zhuangzi* states: Drinking to harmonize. Famous physicians state: Licorice Root is also called Guo Lao.