味苦，平。主寒热邪气，寒湿，风痹，肢节痛，下水，利小便。生山谷。
《名医》曰∶生飞乌山。二月、八月采根，曝干。
案∶《说文》云∶KT ，草之相 者，《玉篇》作KT ，居包切，云秦艽，药艽同。萧
炳
味甘，平。主邪气腹张，心痛，利大小便，补中益气。生川谷。
《吴普》曰∶百合，一名重迈，一名中庭。生冠朐及荆山（《艺文类聚》引云∶一名
重匡）。
《名医》曰∶一名重箱，一名摩罗，一名中逢花，一名强瞿。生荆州。二月、八月采根
，曝干。
案∶《玉篇》云∶蹯，百合蒜也。
味苦，寒。主消渴热中，除邪气，肢体浮肿，下水，补不足，益气。一名 母，一名连
母，一名野蓼，一名地参，一名水参，一名水浚，一名货母，一名 母。生川谷。
《吴普》曰∶知母，神农、桐君∶无毒。补不足，益气（《御览》引云∶一名提母）。
《名医》曰∶一名女雷，一名女理，一名儿草，一名鹿列，一名韭蓬，一名儿踵
草，一名东根，一名水须，一名沈燔，一名薅。生河内。二月、八月采根，曝干。
案∶《说文》云∶ ， 母也。 ，苋藩也，或从爻作薅。《广雅》云∶ 母、儿踵，
东根也。《尔雅》云∶薅， 藩。郭璞云∶生山上。叶如韭，一曰 母。《范子计然》云
∶母，出三辅，黄白者，善。《玉篇》作 母。
【秦艽】
味道苦，性平。主治寒热邪气、寒湿之邪、风痹（风湿引起的肢体关节疼痛麻木），以及四肢关节疼痛；能通利水道，促进小便排泄。生长在山谷之中。
《名医别录》记载：生长在飞乌山。二月和八月采集根部，晒干。
考证：《说文解字》说：“KT，是草类相互缠绕的样子”，《玉篇》写作“KT”，读音为居包切，解释为秦艽，药用的“艽”与“苄”同义。萧炳
【百合】
味道甘，性平。主治邪气引起的腹部胀满、心痛，能通利大小便，补益中气，增强体力。生长在川谷地带。
《吴普本草》记载：百合，又名重迈，又名中庭。生长在冠朐和荆山（《艺文类聚》引用时称：又名重匡）。
《名医别录》记载：又名重箱，又名摩罗，又名中逢花，又名强瞿。生长在荆州。二月和八月采集根部，晒干。
考证：《玉篇》说：“蹯，就是百合蒜。”
【知母】
味道苦，性寒。主治消渴病（糖尿病症状）和中焦热盛，去除邪气，治疗肢体浮肿，通利水道，补益不足，益气。又名母，又名连母，又名野蓼，又名地参，又名水参，又名水浚，又名货母，又名 母。生长在川谷地带。
《吴普本草》记载：知母，神农、桐君认为无毒。补益不足，益气（《太平御览》引用时称：又名提母）。
《名医别录》记载：又名女雷，又名女理，又名儿草，又名鹿列，又名韭蓬，又名儿踵草，又名东根，又名水须，又名沈燔，又名薅。生长在河内。二月和八月采集根部，晒干。
考证：《说文解字》说：“ ，即 母。 ，是苋藩（一种植物），或者从爻部写作薅。《广雅》说： 母、儿踵，就是东根。《尔雅》说：薅，是 藩。郭璞说：生长在山上。叶子像韭菜，一说为 母。《范子计然》说： 母，出产于三辅地区，黄白色者品质优良。《玉篇》写作 母。”
[Qinjiao (Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix)]
Taste: bitter. Nature: neutral. It primarily treats pathogenic factors of cold and heat, cold-dampness, wind-bi (rheumatic pain and numbness of limbs and joints), and pain in the limbs and joints; it promotes water metabolism and facilitates urination. It grows in mountain valleys.
*The Classic of Famous Physicians* records: It grows in Feiwu Mountain. The roots are harvested in February and August and dried in the sun.
Textual Research: *Shuowen Jiezi* states: "KT refers to grasses intertwining with each other." *Yupian* writes it as "KT," pronounced 'jū bāo qiē,' explaining it as Qinjiao, where the medicinal 'Jiao' is synonymous with 'Biao.' Xiao Bing
[Baihe (Lilii Bulbus)]
Taste: sweet. Nature: neutral. It primarily treats abdominal distension caused by pathogenic factors, heart pain, facilitates both large and small bowel movements, tonifies the middle jiao, and strengthens qi. It grows in river valleys.
*Wu Pu's Materia Medica* records: Baihe, also known as Chongmai, or Zhongting. It grows in Guanqu and Jingshan (*Yiwen Leiju* cites it as: also known as Chongkuang).
*The Classic of Famous Physicians* records: Also known as Chongxiang, Moluo, Zhongfenghua, or Qiangju. It grows in Jingzhou. The roots are harvested in February and August and dried in the sun.
Textual Research: *Yupian* states: "Fan is the lily bulb garlic."
[Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma)]
Taste: bitter. Nature: cold. It primarily treats xiaoke (wasting-thirst syndrome) and heat in the middle jiao, eliminates pathogenic factors, treats edema of the limbs, promotes water metabolism, tonifies deficiencies, and benefits qi. Also known as Mu, Lianmu, Yeliao, Dican, Shuican, Shuijun, Huomu, or [character missing]. It grows in river valleys.
*Wu Pu's Materia Medica* records: Zhimu, Shen Nong and Tong Jun considered it non-toxic. It tonifies deficiencies and benefits qi (*Taiping Yulan* cites it as: also known as Timu).
*The Classic of Famous Physicians* records: Also known as Nvlei, Nvli, Ercao, Lulie, Jiupeng, Erzhangcao, Donggen, Shuixu, Shenfan, or Hao. It grows in Henei. The roots are harvested in February and August and dried in the sun.
Textual Research: *Shuowen Jiezi* states: "[Character], which is [Character] mu. [Character] is Xianfan (a type of plant), alternatively written with the radical Yao as Hao. *Guaya* states: [Character] mu and Erzhang are Donggen. *Erya* states: Hao is [Character] fan. Guo Pu states: It grows on mountains. The leaves resemble leeks; one source calls it [Character] mu. *Fan Zi Ji Ran* states: [Character] mu originates from the Sanchu region; those that are yellowish-white are of superior quality. *Yupian* writes it as [Character] mu."