味苦，温，无毒。主大风、头眩痛，恶风风邪，目盲无所见，风行周身，骨节疼痹（《御
览》作痛），烦满。久服，轻身。一名铜芸（《御览》作芒）。生川泽。
《吴普》曰∶防风，一名回云，一名回草，一名百枝，一名 根，一名百韭，一名百
种，神农、黄帝、岐伯、桐君、雷公、扁鹊∶甘，无毒，李氏∶小寒，或生邯郸上蔡，正月
生叶，细圆，青黑黄白；五月花黄；六月实黑。三月、十月采根，晒干，琅邪者，良（《御
览》）。
《名医》曰∶一名茴草，一名百枝，一名屏风，一名 根，一名百蜚。生沙苑，及邯郸
、琅邪、上蔡。二月、十月采根，曝干。
案∶《范子计然》云∶防风，出三辅。白者，善。
味甘，平。主心腹、膀胱寒热，利小便，止血，消瘀血。久服，轻身、益气力，延年、
神仙。生池泽。
《名医》曰∶生河东，四月采。
案∶《玉篇》云∶ ，谓今蒲头有台，台上有重台，中出黄，即蒲黄。陶弘景云∶此即
蒲厘花上黄粉也，《仙经》亦用此，考《尔雅》苻离，其上 ，苻离与蒲厘声相近，疑即
味甘，平。主五脏心下邪气，口中烂臭，坚齿，明目，聪耳。久服，轻身、耐老（《御
览》作能老）。一名睢（《御览》云睢蒲）。生池泽。
《吴普》曰∶睢，一名睢石，一名香蒲，神农、雷公∶甘。生南海，池泽中（《御览》）。
《名医》曰∶一名醮，生南海。
案∶《说文》云∶菩，草也。《玉篇》云∶菩，香草也。又音蒲。《本草图经》云∶香
蒲，蒲黄苗也，春初生嫩叶，未出水时，红白色，茸茸然，《周礼》以为菹。
【防风】
味苦，性温，无毒。主治大风（严重的风邪病证）、头眩痛、恶风及风邪侵袭、目盲视物不清、风邪流行于周身、骨节疼痛痹阻（《太平御览》中作“痛”）、烦闷胀满。长期服用，可使身体轻盈。又名铜芸（《太平御览》中作“芒”）。生长在川泽之地。
《吴普》记载：防风，又名回云，又名回草，又名百枝，又名[缺字]根，又名百韭，又名百种。神农、黄帝、岐伯、桐君、雷公、扁鹊认为其味甘，无毒；李氏认为其性小寒。有的产于邯郸上蔡，正月生叶，叶片细圆，颜色青黑黄白相间；五月开黄花；六月结黑色果实。三月或十月采挖根部，晒干，琅邪产的为佳（《太平御览》引）。
《名医别录》记载：又名茴草，又名百枝，又名屏风，又名[缺字]根，又名百蜚。生长在沙苑，以及邯郸、琅邪、上蔡等地。二月或十月采挖根部，曝晒干燥。
按语：《范子计然》说：防风出产于三辅地区。白色的品质优良。
【蒲黄】
味甘，性平。主治心腹、膀胱的寒热病症，通利小便，止血，消除瘀血。长期服用，可使身体轻盈、益气力、延年益寿、成仙。生长在池泽之中。
《名医别录》记载：出产于河东，四月采收。
按语：《玉篇》说：[缺字]，指的是现在蒲草的嫩芽部分，嫩芽上有花茎，花茎上有重台，中间伸出黄色花粉，这就是蒲黄。陶弘景说：这就是蒲厘花上的黄色粉末，《仙经》也使用此药。考证《尔雅》中的“苻离”，其上为[缺字]，“苻离”与“蒲厘”声音相近，怀疑就是……
【香蒲】
味甘，性平。主治五脏心下的邪气，口中腐烂发臭，坚固牙齿，明亮眼睛，使耳朵灵敏。长期服用，可使身体轻盈、抗衰老（《太平御览》中作“能老”）。又名睢（《太平御览》称“睢蒲”）。生长在池泽之中。
《吴普》记载：睢，又名睢石，又名香蒲。神农、雷公认为其味甘。生长于南海的池泽中（《太平御览》引）。
《名医别录》记载：又名醮，生长于南海。
按语：《说文解字》说：菩，是草类。《玉篇》说：菩，是香草。又读音同“蒲”。《本草图经》说：香蒲，是蒲黄的幼苗，初春时生出嫩叶，未出水时呈红白色，毛茸茸的样子，《周礼》将其作为腌菜食用。
[Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix)]
Bitter in taste, warm in nature, non-toxic. It primarily treats severe wind diseases (severe pathogenic wind syndromes), dizziness and headache, aversion to wind and invasion by wind pathogens, blindness or impaired vision, wind pathogens circulating throughout the body, pain and bi-syndrome (painful obstruction syndrome) in bone joints (recorded as "pain" in *Taiping Yulan*), and irritability with fullness. Long-term consumption makes the body feel light. Also known as Tongyun (recorded as "Mang" in *Taiping Yulan*). Grows in rivers and marshes.
*Wu Pu* states: Fangfeng is also known as Huiyun, Huicao, Baizhi, [missing character]gen, Baijiu, and Baizhong. Shennong, Huangdi, Qibo, Tongjun, Leigong, and Bianque considered it sweet in taste and non-toxic; Li Si considered it slightly cold. Some grow in Handan and Shangcai; leaves emerge in the first lunar month, slender and round, colored green, black, yellow, and white; flowers are yellow in the fifth month; fruits are black in the sixth month. Roots are harvested in the third or tenth month and sun-dried; those from Langya are of superior quality (*Taiping Yulan*).
*Mingyi Bie Lu* states: Also known as Huicao, Baizhi, Pingfeng, [missing character]gen, and Baifei. Grows in Shayuan, as well as Handan, Langya, and Shangcai. Roots are harvested in the second or tenth month and dried in the sun.
Note: *Fanzi Jiran* states that Fangfeng originates from the Sanchu region. The white variety is superior.
[Puhuang (Typhae Pollen)]
Sweet in taste, neutral in nature. It primarily treats cold-heat conditions of the heart, abdomen, and bladder; promotes urination; stops bleeding; and resolves blood stasis. Long-term consumption makes the body light, boosts qi and strength, prolongs life, and leads to immortality. Grows in ponds and marshes.
*Mingyi Bie Lu* states: Originates from Hedong; harvested in the fourth month.
Note: *Yupian* states: [Missing character] refers to the current shoot of the cattail plant; on the shoot is a stem with layered bracts, from which yellow pollen emerges, which is Puhuang. Tao Hongjing states: This is the yellow powder on the flowers of *Puli* (cattail); *Xianjing* also uses this herb. Examining *Erya*, the term "Fuli" appears with [missing character] above it; "Fuli" sounds similar to "Puli," suggesting they are the same...
[Xiangpu (Typhae Latifoliae Herba)]
Sweet in taste, neutral in nature. It primarily treats evil qi in the five zang organs and below the heart; bad breath with rotting odor; strengthens teeth; brightens eyes; and sharpens hearing. Long-term consumption makes the body light and resists aging (recorded as "can resist aging" in *Taiping Yulan*). Also known as Sui (referred to as "Suipu" in *Taiping Yulan*). Grows in ponds and marshes.
*Wu Pu* states: Sui is also known as Suishi and Xiangpu. Shennong and Leigong considered it sweet. Grows in the ponds and marshes of Nanhai (*Taiping Yulan*).
*Mingyi Bie Lu* states: Also known as Jiao; grows in Nanhai.
Note: *Shuowen Jiezi* states: Pu is a type of grass. *Yupian* states: Pu is a fragrant herb. It is also pronounced as "Pu." *Bencao Tujing* states: Xiangpu is the seedling of Puhuang; tender leaves emerge in early spring; before emerging from water, they are red and white and fuzzy; *Zhouli* used it as pickled vegetables.