（附破伤风漏风）
天地间惟风无所不入。一罅不塞。来不可御。人之一身。缜密者少。疏漏者多。风乘之
轻则为感。重则为伤。又重则为中。古人谓避风如避寇。盖欲窒源以防患。中风之证。卒然
晕倒。昏不知人。或痰涎壅盛。咽喉作声或口眼 斜。手足瘫缓。或半身不遂。或舌强不语
风邪既盛。气必上逆。痰随气上。停留壅塞。昏乱晕倒。皆痰为之也。五脏虽皆有风。而
犯肝经为多。盖肝主筋属木风易入之。各从其类。肝受风则筋缓不荣。或缓或急。所以有
斜、瘫缓、不遂、舌强、语涩等证。治之之法调气为先经云。善治风者以气理风气顺则痰消徐
理其风庶可收效。先用麻油调苏合香丸。或用姜汁。或用白汤调。如口噤抉开灌之。稍苏
则进八味顺气散。
诸中或未苏或已苏。或初病或久病。忽吐出紫红色者死昏沉不省人事。口噤不可进药。急以
生半夏为末。吹入鼻中。或用细辛皂角为末。吹入喉。喷嚏则苏。此可以验其受病深浅。则
知其可治不可治。若稍得苏省者。八味顺气散便服治风药。然未遽绝治气药。小续命汤煎熟
去滓。调苏合香丸一粒。或五积散加麝香少许。或星香散。或醒风汤加木香一钱。如服前药
不效。其人顽涎愈盛。或前证不解。或增困重。宜星附汤。或三生饮加全蝎三个。间磨沉香
汤下养正丹肥人多有中病。以其气盛于外而歉于内也。肺为气出入之道。人肥者。气必急。
气急必肺邪盛。肺金克木。胆为肝之腑。故痰涎壅盛。所以治之必先理气为急。中后气未尽
顺。痰未尽除。调理之剂。惟当以藿香正气散。星香散煎服。此药非特可治中风之证。治
中气中恶霍乱尤宜。寻常上呕下疼多痰者。亦可用之。
若中后体虚有痰。不可峻补。热燥者。宜四君子汤和星香饮或六君子汤和之。中而口眼
斜者。先烧皂角烟熏之。以逐去外邪。次烧乳香熏之。以顺其血脉。若前证多怒。宜小续命
汤加羚羊角。热而渴者。小续命汤去附子加秦艽半钱。恍惚错语者。加茯神远志各半钱。不
得睡者。加炒酸枣仁半钱。不能言者。加竹沥一蚬壳许。人虚无力者。去麻黄加茯苓如其数
若人自苏者。能言能食。惟身体不遂。急则挛蜷。缓则耽曳。经年累月。难以起止。加
仙丹常服。若中饮食。坐卧如常。但失音不语。俗呼为哑风小续命汤。去附子加石菖蒲一
筋骨疼者。俗呼为痛风。或痛而游走无定。俗呼为走注风。并宜乌药顺气散。利煎复元
或青龙丸。未效。用大防风汤。或五积散调乳香末。胫细而膝肿者。俗呼为鹤膝风。宜
感冒后四逆。手足不遂。牙关紧急。与霍乱后四逆。手足搐捻。欲成风者。草果饮和星
各半帖煎服。有无故口眼 斜。投以中风药剂不效。盖缘骨虚中受风所致。当于此求之。
不可例作寻常中风治之川乌一味。决不可少。宜炮熟用。
遍身骨节疼痛。昼静夜剧。如虎之啮。名曰白虎历节风。并宜加减地仙丹或青龙丸乳香
有于窗牖间梳洗。卒然如中。呼为檐风。五积散加防风一钱。有痛风而痛有常处。其痛
处赤肿灼热。或浑身壮热。此欲成风毒。宜败毒散。
两颊赤肿。其状如痱。名头面风。酒调消风散食后服。仍以生杏仁去壳频揩之。诸般头
见在诸痛门头痛证。病有终身不愈者。其在腰或屈而不能伸。或伸不能屈者。在手足亦然。
以风伤肝。肝主筋。筋为之也。治法活血为先。多服四物汤吞活络丹。
治风之法初得之即当顺气。及其久也。即当活血。此万古不易之理。久患风疾。四物汤
络丹愈者。正是此议。若先不顺气。遽用乌附。又不活血。徒用防风天麻羌活辈。吾未见能
风有偏枯。风痱、风懿、风痹。此皆言其至重也。外有证状不同。其名亦众。非旦暮可
非口耳可受不复繁引。若中人发直、吐清沫、摇头、上撺、面赤如妆汗缀如珠。或头面赤黑
眼闭口开。手撒遗尿。声如鼾睡。皆不可治。所谓风中脉则口眼 斜。中腑则支体废。中
脏则性命危不特中风。他中亦然。
其有害大风者。古谓之癞风。欲呼为麻风。病之至恶无出于此。得此病而眉发髭髯先落
犹风撼木而叶先落也。间有食蛇服大风油而愈者亦幸耳。
破伤风者。因皮肉曾有破伤处。风从疮口入。其证项强牙关紧。状如发 。不似中风。
又似产后角弓反张用苏合香丸。进防风散。玉真丸。
漏风不论冬夏。额上常有汗出。得之醉后当风所致。头乃诸阳之会酒能发阳。所以饮必
醉后阳气上升。头面之毛窍必开。当风坐卧。风邪入之。以致头面汗。名曰漏风。黄 六
一汤加防风。麻黄根。桂枝各半钱。风已除、只口开 斜未正者。以萆麻去壳烂捣。右 涂
在左。左 涂在右。或以膳鱼血入麝香少许涂之也。
有虚热生风。元气虚。虚则风乘之。治虚当兼风治。有虚证似风。此权当治其虚。不可
中风而疼痛甚者。或在遍身。或在手足。惟铁弹丸佳。如碧霞丹。青州白丸子。防风丸
角丸。八风散。骨碎补丸。乌荆丸。大三五七散。四生散。省风汤。五痹汤。四生丸。轻脚
丸。伏虎丹。秘方换腿丸。左经丸。木瓜丸。胡麻散。皆治诸中风。斟酌病源。当用治效方
天地间只有风邪无处不能侵入。只要有一处缝隙没有堵塞，风邪来袭便无法抵御。人的身体，严密的地方少，疏漏的地方多。风邪乘虚而入，轻则为感冒，重则为外伤，更重则导致中风。古人说躲避风邪要像躲避强盗一样，大概是为了堵住源头以防患于未然。中风的证候，突然晕倒，昏迷不省人事，或者痰涎壅盛，咽喉发出声响，或者口眼歪斜，手足瘫痪无力，或者半身不遂，或者舌体僵硬不能言语。风邪既然旺盛，气机必然上逆，痰随气上行，停留壅塞，导致昏乱晕倒，这都是痰邪造成的。五脏虽然都可能受风邪侵袭，但侵犯肝经的情况最多。因为肝主筋，属木，风邪容易进入同类之脏。肝受风邪则筋脉松弛失养，或弛缓或拘急，所以出现口眼歪斜、瘫痪无力、半身不遂、舌体僵硬、言语涩滞等证候。治疗的方法以调理气机为先。经云：“善于治疗风病的人，通过调理气机来治理风邪，风气顺行则痰消。”慢慢梳理风邪，才可能收到疗效。先用麻油调服苏合香丸，或者用姜汁，或者用白开水调服。如果牙关紧闭，撬开嘴巴灌入药液。稍微苏醒后，服用八味顺气散。
无论是中风刚发作尚未苏醒，或者已经苏醒；或者是初病，或者久病，忽然吐出紫红色血液的，预后不良（死证）。如果昏沉不省人事，牙关紧闭无法进药，急忙将生半夏研成粉末，吹入鼻中；或者用细辛、皂角研成粉末，吹入喉部，引起喷嚏即可苏醒。这可以用来验证病情的深浅，从而知道是否可以治疗。如果稍微苏醒，可以服用八味顺气散，同时继续服用治风药物和理气药物。用小续命汤煎煮去渣，调入苏合香丸一粒；或者使用五积散加少许麝香；或者星香散；或者醒风汤加木香一钱。如果服用前面的药物无效，患者顽痰更加旺盛，或者前面的症状没有解除，或者增加困重感，宜用星附汤；或者三生饮加全蝎三个，间隔磨沉香汤送服养正丹。肥胖人容易患中风，是因为他们外表气盛而内部气虚。肺是气出入的通道，人肥胖者，气机必然急促，气急则肺邪旺盛。肺金克制肝木，胆为肝之腑，所以痰涎壅盛。因此治疗时必须先以理气为急务。中风后气机未尽顺畅，痰未尽除，调理的药剂，应当只用藿香正气散、星香散煎服。这些药物不仅可治疗中风证候，治疗中气、中恶、霍乱也尤为适宜。寻常呕吐腹泻且多痰的患者，也可以使用。
如果中风后体质虚弱且有痰，不可峻补。如果有热燥症状，宜用四君子汤调和星香饮，或者六君子汤调和。中风导致口眼歪斜的，先烧皂角烟熏蒸，以驱逐外邪；其次烧乳香熏蒸，以疏通血脉。如果前面提到的证候伴有易怒，宜用小续命汤加羚羊角。有热且口渴的，小续命汤去掉附子，加秦艽半钱。神志恍惚、胡言乱语的，加茯神、远志各半钱。睡不着觉的，加炒酸枣仁半钱。不能说话的，加竹沥一蚬壳量。人体质虚弱无力的，去掉麻黄，加入相应数量的茯苓。如果是自己苏醒的，能说话能进食，只是身体不能随意活动，紧急时肢体蜷曲，缓慢时肢体下垂拖曳，长年累月，难以站立行走，加仙丹常服。如果中风后进食、坐卧如常，只是失音不语，俗称哑风，用小续命汤去掉附子，加石菖蒲一钱。筋骨疼痛的，俗称痛风；或者疼痛游走不定，俗称走注风，都宜用乌药顺气散利水煎服，或者青龙丸。如果无效，用大防风汤，或者五积散调乳香末。小腿细而膝盖肿大的，俗称鹤膝风，宜用感冒后的四逆散加减。手足不能随意活动，牙关紧急，与霍乱后的四肢厥冷、手足抽搐，欲形成风证的，用草果饮和星香散各半帖煎服。有无故口眼歪斜，投以中风药剂无效的，大概是因为骨骼空虚，风邪从中侵入所致。应当从这个角度寻求病因，不可一概当作普通中风治疗。川乌一味药，决不可少，宜炮熟后使用。
遍身骨节疼痛，白天安静晚上加剧，像老虎咬噬一样，名叫白虎历节风。都宜用加减地仙丹或青龙丸，配合乳香。有人在窗户边梳洗，突然感觉像被风吹中，称为檐风，用五积散加防风一钱。有痛风而疼痛部位固定，疼痛处红肿灼热，或者全身高热，这是欲形成风毒，宜用败毒散。
两颊红肿，形状像痱子，名叫头面风，用酒调服消风散，饭后服用。仍然用生杏仁去皮频繁擦拭患处。各种类型的头痛见在诸痛门头痛证。病有终身不愈的。如果在腰部，或者弯曲而不能伸直，或者伸直而不能弯曲，在手足也是如此。因为风伤了肝，肝主筋，筋脉因此受损。治疗方法以活血为先，多服四物汤吞服活络丹。
治疗风病的方法，初得病时就应当顺气，等到久了，就应当活血。这是万古不变的真理。长期患有风疾，用四物汤和活络丹治愈的，正是这个议论。如果先不顺气，急于使用乌头、附子，又不活血，徒然使用防风、天麻、羌活这类药物，我未见能治好风病的。风病有偏枯、风痱、风懿、风痹，这些都是说病情最重的。此外证状不同，名称也很多，不是早晚可以说完的，也不是口耳可以完全接受的，不再繁复引用。如果中风患者头发直竖、吐清稀泡沫、摇头、向上窜动、面色红赤如化妆、汗珠如串珠、或者头面赤黑、眼睛闭合嘴巴张开、手撒遗尿、声音像打鼾睡，都不可治。所谓风邪中于脉络则口眼歪斜，中于腑则肢体制废，中于脏则性命危险。不仅是中风，其他中邪也是这样。
其中有害大风病的，古时候叫癞风，想叫它麻风。病的恶劣没有超过这个的。得了这个病，眉毛、头发、胡须、鬓角先脱落，就像风吹撼树木叶子先掉落一样。间或有吃蛇、服用大风油而痊愈的，也是侥幸罢了。
破伤风，是因为皮肉曾经有破损受伤的地方，风从疮口进入。其证候项背强直，牙关紧闭，症状像发痉，不像中风。又有点像产后角弓反张。用苏合香丸，进服防风散、玉真丸。
漏风不论冬夏，额头常有汗出。这是由于醉酒后当风所致。头部是诸阳经会聚的地方，酒能发散阳气，所以饮酒必醉后阳气上升，头面的毛孔必然张开，当风坐卧，风邪侵入，导致头面出汗，名叫漏风。用黄耆六一汤加防风、麻黄根、桂枝各半钱。风邪已除，只是口眼歪斜未恢复正常的，用蓖麻去壳捣烂，右歪涂左脸，左歪涂右脸；或者用鳝鱼血加少许麝香涂抹。
有因虚热生风，元气虚弱，虚则风邪乘虚而入。治疗虚证应当兼治风邪。有虚证类似风病，此时权宜之计应当治疗其虚证，不可误作中风。如果中风而疼痛严重的，或者在遍身，或者在手足，惟独铁弹丸佳。如碧霞丹、青州白丸子、防风丸、角金丹、八风散、骨碎补丸、乌荆丸、大三五七散、四生散、省风汤、五痹汤、四生丸、轻脚丸、伏虎丹、秘方换腿丸、左经丸、木瓜丸、胡麻散，都是治疗各种中风的，斟酌病源，应当选用有效的方剂。
(Attached: Tetanus, Leakage Wind)
Among all things in heaven and earth, only Wind (Feng, 风) penetrates everywhere. If even a single gap is not sealed, the incoming Wind cannot be resisted. In the human body, areas that are dense and secure are few, while those that are loose and leaky are many. When Wind takes advantage of these weaknesses, it results in mild colds if light, injuries if heavy, or Stroke (Zhongfeng, 中风) if heaviest. The ancients said to avoid Wind as one would avoid bandits, aiming to block the source to prevent disaster. The manifestations of Stroke include sudden fainting, coma with loss of consciousness, excessive phlegm-saliva causing sounds in the throat, deviation of the mouth and eyes, paralysis or flaccidity of limbs, hemiplegia, or stiff tongue with inability to speak. Since Wind pathogen is abundant, Qi (vital energy, 气) must rise rebelliously; Phlegm follows the rising Qi, stagnating and obstructing, leading to confusion and fainting—all caused by Phlegm. Although Wind can invade any of the Five Zang organs, it most frequently attacks the Liver Meridian because the Liver governs the sinews and belongs to Wood, making it susceptible to Wind which shares the same elemental affinity. When the Liver is invaded by Wind, the sinews become flaccid and lack nourishment, resulting in either flaccidity or spasticity, hence symptoms such as facial deviation, paralysis, hemiplegia, stiff tongue, and dysarthria. The treatment principle prioritizes regulating Qi. As stated in the classics: "Those skilled in treating Wind regulate Qi to manage Wind; when Qi flows smoothly, Phlegm dissipates." Gradually resolving the Wind may yield efficacy. Initially, administer Suhe Xiang Wan (Styrax Pill) mixed with sesame oil, ginger juice, or warm water. If the jaw is clenched, pry it open and instill the medicine. Once slightly revived, administer Bawei Shunqi San (Eight-Ingredient Powder to Smooth Qi).
Whether the patient has just suffered Stroke and remains unconscious, or has already regained consciousness; whether it is early stage or chronic disease—if purple-red blood is suddenly vomited, the prognosis is fatal. If the patient is comatose, unconscious, and the jaw is clenched preventing oral medication, immediately blow powdered raw Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) into the nose, or use a powder of Xixin (Asari Radix) and Zhaojiao (Gleditsiae Spina) blown into the throat. Induction of sneezing indicates revival. This method helps assess the depth of the disease and determines treatability. If there is slight recovery, continue administering Bawei Shunqi San along with Wind-resolving and Qi-regulating herbs. Decoct Xiaoxuming Tang (Minor Continuation Life Decoction), remove dregs, and mix in one pill of Suhe Xiang Wan. Alternatively, use Wuji San (Five Accumulations Powder) with a small amount of Shexiang (Moschus); or Xingxiang San (Star and Fragrance Powder); or Xingfeng Tang (Awaken Wind Decoction) with Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) 1 qian. If previous treatments fail, and stubborn Phlegm increases, or original symptoms persist or worsen with heaviness, use Xingfu Tang (Pinellia and Aconite Decoction); or Sansheng Yin (Three Lives Drink) with three Quanxie (Scorpio), taken intermittently with Chenxiang (Aquilaria Lignum) decoction to deliver Yangzheng Dan (Nourish Righteousness Pill). Obese individuals are prone to Stroke because their exterior Qi is abundant while interior Qi is deficient. The Lung is the pathway for Qi entry and exit; obese people have rapid Qi movement, leading to excess Lung pathogen. Metal (Lung) controls Wood (Liver); the Gallbladder is the paired organ of the Liver. Thus, Phlegm-saliva becomes excessive. Therefore, treatment must urgently prioritize regulating Qi. After Stroke, if Qi is not yet smooth and Phlegm not fully cleared, conditioning agents should focus on Huoxiang Zhengqi San (Agastache Powder to Rectify Qi) and Xingxiang San. These formulas are suitable not only for Stroke but also for Middle Qi, Evil Invasion, and Cholera-like disorders. They can also be used for common cases of vomiting, abdominal pain, and excessive Phlegm.
If the patient is weak with Phlegm after Stroke, do not use harsh tonification. For heat-dryness patterns, use Sijunzi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction) harmonized with Xingxiang Yin, or Liujunzi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction). For Stroke with facial deviation, first smoke with burnt Zhaojiao (Gleditsiae Spina) to expel external pathogens, then smoke with burnt Ruxiang (Boswelliae Resin) to promote blood circulation. If irritability accompanies the aforementioned symptoms, add Lingyangjiao (Saigae Tataricae Cornu) to Xiaoxuming Tang. For heat with thirst, remove Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata) from Xiaoxuming Tang and add Qinjiao (Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix) 0.5 qian. For mental confusion and incoherent speech, add Fushen (Poria Cum Radice Pinelli) and Yuanzhi (Polygalae Radix) 0.5 qian each. For insomnia, add Chao Suanzaoren (Ziziphi Spinosani Semen) 0.5 qian. For aphasia, add Zhuli (Bambusae Caulis in Taenia Succus) equivalent to one clam shell. For weakness due to deficiency, remove Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba) and add Fuling (Poria) in equal amounts. If the patient revives spontaneously, can speak and eat, but suffers from limb immobility—spastic curling in acute phases or dragging flaccidity in chronic phases, lasting years with difficulty in movement—administer Xiandan (Immortal Pill) regularly. If dietary intake and daily activities are normal except for loss of voice (colloquially called "Mute Wind"), use Xiaoxuming Tang minus Fuzi plus Shichangpu (Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma) 1 qian. For bone and joint pain (colloquially "Gout" or "Wind Pain") or migrating pain ("Wandering Wind"), use Wuyao Shunqi San (Lindera Powder to Smooth Qi) with diuretic properties, or Qinglong Wan (Green Dragon Pill). If ineffective, use Dafangfeng Tang (Major Wind-Expelling Decoction) or Wuji San with powdered Ruxiang. For thin calves with swollen knees (colloquially "Crane Knee Wind"), use modified Sini San (Frigid Extremities Powder) post-cold. For limb immobility and tight jaw following stroke, or cold extremities and convulsions following cholera resembling impending Wind, combine Caoguo Yin (Tsaoko Drink) and Xingxiang San, half dose each, decocted together. For unexplained facial deviation unresponsive to standard Stroke treatments, consider skeletal deficiency allowing Wind invasion. Do not treat merely as ordinary Stroke. Chuanwu (Aconiti Radix) is indispensable, properly processed.
For whole-body joint pain, quiet during day and severe at night like tiger bites, named Baihu Lijie Feng (White Tiger Joint-Wandering Wind), use Jiajian Dixian Dan (Modified Immortal Earth Pill) or Qinglong Wan with Ruxiang. For Wind exposure during washing near windows (Yan Feng), use Wuji San with Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) 1 qian. For fixed-site gout with red, swollen, hot pain or systemic high fever indicating impending Wind-Toxin, use Baidu San (Defeat Toxin Powder).
For red and swollen cheeks resembling miliaria, named Toumian Feng (Head-Face Wind), take Xiaofeng San (Eliminate Wind Powder) mixed with wine after meals. Rub fresh Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum) peeled on the area. Various headaches are detailed under Pain Syndromes. Chronic cases involving waist stiffness or limb rigidity/flaccidity result from Wind injuring the Liver, which governs sinews. Treatment prioritizes invigorating Blood; take Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) swallowed with Huoluo Dan (Collateria-Unblocking Pill).
The principle of treating Wind is to regulate Qi initially and invigorate Blood later—a timeless truth. Long-term Wind diseases cured by Siwu Tang and Huoluo Dan confirm this. Regulating Qi before using toxic herbs like Wutou and Fuzi, combined with Blood-invigorating measures, is essential. Mere use of Fangfeng, Tianma, Qianghuo without addressing Qi and Blood is unlikely to succeed. Severe Wind syndromes include Pianku (Hemiplegia), Fengfei (Flaccid Paralysis), Fengyi (Aphonia/Coma), and Fengbi (Obstruction). Other names exist for varying symptoms, too numerous to list. Signs of critical, untreatable Stroke include erect hair, clear foam vomit, head shaking, upward jerking, flushed face, pearl-like sweat, black/red head, closed eyes, open mouth, hand relaxation with incontinence, and snoring breath. Wind entering meridians causes facial deviation; entering Fu organs causes limb dysfunction; entering Zang organs threatens life. This applies to other internal invasions as well.
Severe Leprosy (Lai Feng), also called Ma Feng (Hemp Wind), is the worst disease. Eyebrows, hair, beard, and sideburns fall out first, like leaves falling from wind-shaken trees. Rare cures via snake consumption or Da Feng You occur by chance.
Tetanus arises from Wind entering broken skin wounds. Symptoms include neck stiffness, trismus, and spasms, distinct from Stroke but resembling opisthotonos postpartum. Treat with Suhe Xiang Wan, Fangfeng San, and Yuzhen Wan.
Leakage Wind features forehead sweating regardless of season, caused by drinking alcohol and exposing oneself to Wind. The head is the meeting point of Yang meridians; alcohol raises Yang Qi, opening pores. Wind invasion leads to head sweating. Treat with Huangqi Liuyi Tang (Astragalus Six-One Decoction) plus Fangfeng, Mahuanggen (Ephedrae Radix et Rhizoma), and Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus) 0.5 qian each. For residual facial deviation after Wind clearance, apply crushed Bidama (Ricini Semen) to the unaffected side (right deviation treated on left, vice versa), or eel blood with Moschus.
Deficient Heat generating Wind occurs when Yuan Qi is weak, allowing Wind invasion. Treat deficiency while addressing Wind. Differentiate deficiency mimicking Wind. For severe pain in Stroke (generalized or limbs), Tiedan Wan (Iron Bullet Pill) is best. Other options include Bixia Dan, Qingzhou Baiwanzi, Fangfeng Wan, Jiaojin Wan, Bafeng San, Gusuibu Wan, Wu Jing Wan, Dasan Wuqi San, Sisheng San, Shengfeng Tang, Wubi Tang, Sisheng Wan, Qingjiao Wan, Fuhu Dan, Mifang Huantui Wan, Zuojing Wan, Mugua Wan, Huma San. Select based on pathology.