2．姚幼。壮热，其热灼手，因此神识模糊，因热之损耗而小便短，症势已濒危境。鲜生地60克(打汁)，川黄连2．4克，银花12克，生石膏18克(先煎)，川贝母5克，连翘9克，黄芩9克，碧玉散12克(包)。另：犀牛黄0．3克，天竺黄0．9克，研细末，分5次吞。[按]温病壮热神糊，为邪入心营之候，故用清营汤化裁。牛黄与天竺黄并用，有清心开窍，清热解毒，豁痰定惊之功。
3．陆幼。高热4日，入夜为甚，则气喘而神蒙，因其排便不爽，予凉膈散加广玉金、牛黄抱龙丸。二诊：其热弛张起伏，有时神迷谵语，其腹按之膨满。此阳明证，清之、下之。寒水石12克，黄芩6克，连翘9克，肥知母5克，青蒿6克，瓜蒌9克，枳实5克，郁金5克，酒洗地龙9克，晚蚕沙9克(包)，皂荚子3克，神犀丹1粒(化服)，槟榔6克。三诊：高热40℃见退，右鼻腔有热疮，呼吸尚有紧张状，所幸时作咳，温邪有外泄之路。北沙参9克，嫩射干5克，净连翘9克，肥知母5克，玉桔梗3克，远志3克，石菖蒲9克，麦冬6克，陈胆星2．4克，粉甘草3克，神犀丹1粒(化服)。
[按]此案一诊用凉膈散泻火通便；因有神蒙见证，防其进一步神昏，故用广玉金、牛黄抱龙丸开窍、清热、宁神。二诊一面用寒水石、知母等清阳明在经之热；一面用枳实、瓜蒌、蚕沙、皂荚子、槟榔降气导浊，下其在腑之结滞；再辅以神犀丹清热开窍、凉血解毒，方药甚有力量。药后高热见退，转方用北沙参、知母、麦冬养阴清热；因有咳嗽见证，故用桔梗、远志、胆星宣肺化痰，因势利导，促进痰涎之排出。
1．陈幼。头向后倾，右腿屈伸不利，两手时时抽搐，瞳孔反应消失。西医诊为结核性脑膜炎，注射链霉素50瓶无效。预后堪虑。炮附块3克，党参9克，生白术9克，云苓12克，炙僵蚕9克，蝎尾1．5克，明天麻2．4克，远志3克，清炙草2．4克。
2．顾幼。病甫3日，壮热口噤，角弓反张，舌尖红绛；无论触动转侧，皆能引起痉之发作；睡梦中时时叫唤；直其两腿有抵抗感。其病灶在脑，勉拟下方，聊尽人谋。乌犀尖1．5克(磨冲)，鲜生地32克，粉丹皮9克，赤芍9克，地龙9克，蚤休5克，钩藤勾9克，明天麻5克，蝎尾0．9克(研冲)，当归芦荟丸5克(包)。
[按]惊厥是儿科临床常见症状，中医称为惊风，有急惊、慢惊之别，顾案高热、神昏、舌绛，为温邪人于营血，药以犀角地黄汤凉血清营为主，佐以天麻、蝎尾、钩藤等平肝熄风。陈案病程较长，抽搐不止，则取附子理中汤加蝎尾等味。同为惊厥而有寒热虚实之异。
3．唐幼。受惊，人寐惊惕，因汗多而小溲少，手足不温，予温潜法。此徐小圃先生法也。淡附片5克，杭白芍9克(炒)，云苓9克，煅牡蛎18克(先煎)，灵磁石12克(先煎)，生白术9克，山萸肉6克，浮小麦9克，细辛1．8克，淡干姜2．4克，炙甘草3克，肉豆蔻5克
[按]温潜法为上海儿科名中医徐小圃先生所创用。他从大量的实践中认识到在儿科领域中，不少患儿由于禀赋不足或久病伤正，以致既具真阴不足之象，又有亡阳虚惫之证，出现脉软、肢冷、溺长或便溏，烦躁不宁，甚至彻夜不寐等现象。他认为温潜法可使水火阴阳复其常态，因此广泛应用于小儿内伤、温热及夏季热等病。此案因受惊后入夜惊惕，又出现手足不温等阳虚症状，故正合温潜之法。全方以附子温阳，磁石、牡蛎潜镇为主，因之得名。
4．吴幼。骤然而厥者，非虫厥即食厥。此当考其既往症及得病之由；病者是食厥，大便溏不爽，其证也。柴胡5.克，枳实9克，黄连0．9克，白芍9克，葛根9克，黄芩3克，粉甘草2．4克，蚤休3克，大地龙9克，钩藤9克(后下)。
[按]食厥为进不洁之食，滞于中脘，化热上壅，以致蒙蔽清窍而引起的一种昏厥。它与虫厥之腹部绞痛，时作时止，痛甚则汗出或吐涎沫，或吐蛔虫等症状显然有别。本案为食厥，以葛根芩连汤清肠化滞，四逆散敛阴泄热治厥，且辅以蚤休、地龙、钩藤镇静止厥。
5．孟幼。浴后，旋有热，因热之高，而合目有惊惕状，退热利尿不容缓。淡黄芩6克，杭菊花6克，七叶一枝花6克，净连翘9克，嫩白薇9克，地枯萝9克，双勾勾5克(后下)，大地龙9克。
1．柯幼。麻疹后1周，气逆鼻煽，肌热不退，啼哭不能出声，肺气有壅闭之虑。(麻疹后肺炎)生麻黄2．4克，玉桔梗3克，带心川贝6克，淡黄芩5克，杏仁6克，嫩射干5克，净连翘9克，石菖蒲6克，远志肉3克，粉甘草3克。另：苏合香丸1粒，研末，分4次调服，每3小时1次。．二诊：药后气逆大定，热挫。假使其热夜间不再上升，有出险之望。生麻黄2．4克，净连翘9克，淡黄芩5克，远志3克，石菖蒲5克，川贝6克，射干5克，紫菀6克，苏子6克(包)，粉甘草3克。
[按1小儿肺炎，气逆鼻煽乃其特征。方中用麻、杏、桔梗开肺；黄芩、连翘泄热解毒；射干、川贝泄肺化痰；菖蒲、远志、苏合香丸开窍醒神。此证肺气有壅闭之虑，病邪有内陷之势。先生掌握病机，在清肺消炎药中加入苏合香丸之温开，以泄热，开闭并用，终使病情转危为安。
2．邢孩。先是寒热、咳呛，据述以受惊而来，但受惊仅是诱因，感冒外邪是主因也。顷诊肌热不甚壮，而咳呛频仍，入夜气急胸高，白昼气急虽稍减，而两鼻煽动，吃紧处尤在脉之细数而软弱。此俗所称之肺风痰喘，远西则属之肺炎。治疗以宣肺强心为主。夫脉为血府，脉软弱，心力衰，血之运行不畅故也。生麻黄2．4克，杏仁泥10．5克，川桂枝3克(后下)，生石膏18克，炙紫菀9克，射干5克，白苏子9克，苦桔梗5克，粉前胡5克，粉甘草3克，红枣5枚，浓煎频服。
[按]病属肺炎，是风温闭肺之候，所以选用麻杏石甘汤以发散风热、清肺平喘；因为脉软弱，故加桂枝以通脉强心；余为宣肺止咳之品。如药后仍然高热、气急鼻煽者，先生往往于上方中加鱼腥草、蒲公英各18克，以清热解毒。
3．王孩。壮热(39．5℃)，两颧发赤；两颧属肺，肺热可知。呼吸微急，进一步便是气急鼻煽。薄荷5克(后下)，连翘9克，黄芩9克，浮萍3克，苏子9克(研炒)，桑白皮9克，射干2．4克，地龙9克，冬瓜子9克，茅根1扎，粉甘草2．4克。
二诊：检温38．6℃，热虽稍轻，胸中烦热殊甚，咳引右胁下痛，舌前半抽剥，后半垢腻。胁肋为肺之分野，热伏于肺，以辛散之，以苦泄之。薄荷5(后下)，连翘9克，黄芩9克，前胡6克，杏仁泥15克，桔梗2．4克，桑白皮9克，知母9克，大力子9克，全瓜蒌。12克，活芦根30厘米。
三诊：体温39．2℃，前方不能挫其热势，入夜两颧烘热，今以白虎汤为骨干，舌红加地黄，便秘加芒硝。生石膏24克，知母9克，鲜生地24克，桑白皮9克，苏子12克(研)，玄明粉9克(冲)，全瓜蒌12克，活芦根30厘米，生甘草5克，粳米1撮。
四诊：测温39．5℃，热稽留不退，痰中带有淡红色血液，肺热之鸱张可知。肺与大肠为表里，若不通大便，热不得下泄。佩兰各9克，煎汤，令吸其蒸汽，勿入口。
[按]现代医学所称之肺炎，中医认为，其主要病机为肺闭。杨案为风温闭肺，故用麻杏石甘汤，辛凉宣肺而效。夏案系痰闭，则用涤痰开闭为主，以麻黄、白芷等煎汤令吸气，对于许多重危肺炎确有改善症状的作用。邢案外闭风寒，内蕴痰热，故有取于大青龙汤加泻肺之品。此三案均为肺闭，而病情不同，故施治各异。
1．孙幼。口颊粘膜散布细小之白点，此点见于发热数日以后，终是麻疹现象。未曾透布，先发惊厥而喉有痰声，预后不能必其安全，是在看护得宜，方法另具别纸。粉葛根9克，桔梗3克，炙苏子9克(包)，粉前胡3克，牛蒡子6克，芫荽子6克，无价散0．9克(分2次调入)，粉甘草2．4克，扁豆衣9克，干荷叶1角。二诊：麻疹稀朗隐约，关乎体质之薄弱，予补中益气汤，痉厥加地龙、龙齿。生黄芪5克，党参6克，橘皮6克，当归6克，生白术9克，升麻2．4克，春柴胡2．4克，粉草3克，青龙齿6克(煅研末冲)，大地龙3克。
[按：]发热数日，口颊粘膜散布细小白点，称作"麻疹斑"，是麻疹早期的特有体征。在麻疹未曾透布之先，即惊厥而咳有痰声，为肺气壅闭之象，有内陷之虞，故有取于宣肺透达之剂。由于患儿体质虚弱，得宣透之药而麻疹仍不能透发。二诊乃改用补中益气汤，扶正透疹。地龙之用，除取其熄风定惊外，又以其能缓解支气管痉挛，对本症之痰壅肺闭有良好的治疗作用。龙齿安神镇潜，既能止痉，又有防升、柴升散太过。可见先生择方遣药，寓有深意。无价散出自《证治准绳》，原治痘毒伤胃黑陷，先生移治麻疹高热，痧毒内陷者，亦有著效。其方为腊月干燥人（有作猪粪）粪，烧灰为散，每服方寸匕，砂糖米汤调服，服后黑陷者即变红活。近人亦有用金汁代之者。
2．张幼。瘩历6日，依旧壮热，脉数，气粗鼻煽，肺气有壅闭之虑，火毒有燎原之势。生麻黄2．4克，生石膏24克(先煎)，玄参9克，连翘9克，北秦皮6克，银花炭12克，川贝母5克，苏子9克(包)，碧玉散12克(包)，杏仁泥9克，射干3克。另用：干荷叶l角，绿豆衣9克，代茶。二诊：险象大退，仍予开肺气，生津液，解痧毒，原法循序渐进。生麻黄2．4克，麦冬9克，射干3克，肥知母9克，炙紫菀9克，玄参9克，天花粉9克，绿豆衣9克，金银花12克，粉甘草5克。
[按]瘩为麻疹的俗称。麻疹6日，壮热、脉数、气粗鼻煽，为并发肺炎之征。故以解毒消炎为治，用麻黄、石膏、杏仁开肺泄热，玄参、黄芩、连翘清热解毒，射干、苏子、川贝以泄肺气之壅；所以应用银花炭、秦皮、碧玉散，殆为患者兼有肠炎之故。药后病势大挫，二诊乃去泻火清热之石膏、黄芩，增入麦冬、知母、花粉之甘寒养阴。
3．王幼。身热2日，有上呼吸道感染症状，面色潮红，眼泪汪汪，察其臼齿两旁粘膜有小白点。此为麻疹之先声，当透发。荆芥穗5克，薄荷3克(后下)，前胡5克，牛蒡子6克，桔梗3克，连翘9克，苏子6克，橘红3克，蝉退3克，通草3克。
4．宋幼。麻疹将回之际，看护失当，变症蜂起，今高热不退，气急鼻煽，而面色灰败。生麻黄2．4克，生石膏15克，鲜生地18克，石菖蒲6克，炮附块5克，远志5克，炙紫菀9克，胆星6克，连翘12克，甘草1．5克，杏仁泥15克，牛黄抱龙丸1粒(化服)。
5．吴幼。麻疹高热，目前吃紧之处凡有两端：一为热势炎炎；二为口唇干燥，口腔糜烂出血。粉葛根9克，连翘9克，紫草5克，小生地12克，粉丹皮9克，浙贝9克，梗通5克，生甘草2．4克，白茅根30克(打)。
二诊：古人谓痧毒上燔，以现代观点多是口腔细菌乘机猖厥。川雅连1．2克，蒲公英9克，银花9克，黑山栀9克，紫花地丁9克，野菊花9克，绿豆衣9克，玄参9克，大青叶9克。
6．周幼。麻疹密布如斑，喉痛，有猩红热之嫌，而无杨梅舌，宜凉血。丹皮9克，小蓟9克，紫菀9克，牛蒡子9克，赤芍6克，射干3克，马兜铃9克，夏枯草9克，茅根1扎。
7．张幼。凡麻疹成片成块者，古人称为痧夹斑，痧当透发，而斑则须清化。薄荷3克，蝉衣3克，前胡3克，牛蒡子9克，小蓟9克，生山栀6克，紫草3克，丹皮6克，绿豆衣12克，竹叶30张。多吃水果及地栗汤。
8．杨幼。遍身透布红点，其形状类正痧。所可疑者，在不发热，但正痧亦有不发热者，惟为数甚少。升麻5克，葛根9克，白芍6克，通草3克，粉草2.4克，郁金2．4克，石菖蒲6克。[按]麻疹治法，初期宜透，中期宜清，末期宜养阴，兼以清解余毒。用温补者是为变法。宋案高热，气急鼻煽，而用附子，盖面色灰败，脱象已露，故在泄热、祛痰、开肺的同时，不得不考虑到温心阳以救逆。杨案麻疹无热，较为罕见，录之以供参考。泄痢1．黄幼。泄泻次数太繁，水分丧失，容易中毒昏沉，呕吐惊厥。粉葛根9克，川黄连1克，白槿花6克，黄芩3克，杭白芍5克，樗白皮6克，扁豆衣9克，银花炭9克，百草霜12克(包)，干荷叶1角。二诊：水分缺乏太甚，小便滴沥，可虑之至，改予葛根黄芩黄连加芍汤合五苓散，此变法也。粉葛根9克，黄连1．5克，桂枝2．4克(后下)，黄芩5克，杭芍6克，生白术9克，泽泻9克，赤猪苓各9克，甘草2．4克，干荷叶1角。
2．姚姓幼儿。高热，热度灼手，因此神志模糊，因热邪耗伤津液导致小便短少，病情已处于危险边缘。鲜生地60克（捣汁），川黄连2.4克，银花12克，生石膏18克（先煎），川贝母5克，连翘9克，黄芩9克，碧玉散12克（包煎）。另：犀牛黄0.3克，天竺黄0.9克，研成细末，分5次吞服。[按语]温病出现高热、神志模糊，是邪气进入心营的表现，所以用清营汤加减。牛黄与天竺黄并用，具有清心开窍、清热解毒、豁痰定惊的功效。
3．陆姓幼儿。高热4日，入夜加重，出现气喘且神志蒙昧，因其排便不畅，给予凉膈散加广玉金、牛黄抱龙丸。二诊：体温弛张起伏，有时神志昏迷、胡言乱语，腹部按压时膨满。这是阳明证，需用清热、攻下法。寒水石12克，黄芩6克，连翘9克，肥知母5克，青蒿6克，瓜蒌9克，枳实5克，郁金5克，酒洗地龙9克，晚蚕沙9克（包煎），皂荚子3克，神犀丹1粒（化服），槟榔6克。三诊：高热40℃逐渐消退，右鼻腔有热疮，呼吸仍有紧张感，所幸时常咳嗽，温邪有了外泄的途径。北沙参9克，嫩射干5克，净连翘9克，肥知母5克，玉桔梗3克，远志3克，石菖蒲9克，麦冬6克，陈胆星2.4克，粉甘草3克，神犀丹1粒（化服）。
[按语]此案初诊用凉膈散泻火通便；因为有神志蒙昧的症状，为防止进一步神昏，所以用广玉金、牛黄抱龙丸开窍、清热、宁神。二诊一面用寒水石、知母等清解阳明经之热；一面用枳实、瓜蒌、蚕沙、皂荚子、槟榔降气导浊，通下其在腑的结滞；再辅以神犀丹清热开窍、凉血解毒，方药力量很强。服药后高热逐渐消退，转方用北沙参、知母、麦冬养阴清热；因为有咳嗽症状，所以用桔梗、远志、胆星宣肺化痰，因势利导，促进痰涎排出。
1．陈姓幼儿。头向后仰，右腿屈伸不利，两手时时抽搐，瞳孔反应消失。西医诊断为结核性脑膜炎，注射链霉素50瓶无效。预后令人担忧。炮附块3克，党参9克，生白术9克，云苓12克，炙僵蚕9克，蝎尾1.5克，明天麻2.4克，远志3克，清炙草2.4克。
2．顾姓幼儿。患病刚3日，高热牙关紧闭，角弓反张，舌尖红绛；无论触动或翻身，都能引起痉厥发作；睡梦中时时叫唤；伸直双腿时有抵抗感。病灶在脑部，勉强拟定下方，聊尽人力。乌犀尖1.5克（磨冲），鲜生地32克，粉丹皮9克，赤芍9克，地龙9克，蚤休5克，钩藤勾9克，明天麻5克，蝎尾0.9克（研冲），当归芦荟丸5克（包煎）。
[按语]惊厥是儿科临床常见症状，中医称为惊风，有急惊风和慢惊风之别。顾案高热、神昏、舌绛，为温邪侵入营血，用药以犀角地黄汤凉血清营为主，佐以天麻、蝎尾、钩藤等平肝熄风。陈案病程较长，抽搐不止，则取附子理中汤加蝎尾等味。同为惊厥却有寒热虚实之异。
3．唐姓幼儿。受惊吓，入睡后惊惕不安，因出汗多而小便少，手足不温，给予温潜法治疗。这是徐小圃先生的治法。淡附片5克，杭白芍9克（炒），云苓9克，煅牡蛎18克（先煎），灵磁石12克（先煎），生白术9克，山萸肉6克，浮小麦9克，细辛1.8克，淡干姜2.4克，炙甘草3克，肉豆蔻5克。
[按语]温潜法为上海儿科名中医徐小圃先生所创用。他从大量的实践中认识到在儿科领域中，不少患儿由于禀赋不足或久病伤正，以致既具真阴不足之象，又有亡阳虚惫之证，出现脉软、肢冷、溺长或便溏，烦躁不宁，甚至彻夜不寐等现象。他认为温潜法可使水火阴阳复其常态，因此广泛应用于小儿内伤、温热及夏季热等病。此案因受惊后入夜惊惕，又出现手足不温等阳虚症状，故正合温潜之法。全方以附子温阳，磁石、牡蛎潜镇为主，因此得名。
4．吴姓幼儿。突然厥逆者，非虫厥即食厥。此当考察其既往病史及得病原因；病者是食厥，大便溏而不爽，符合此证。柴胡5克，枳实9克，黄连0.9克，白芍9克，葛根9克，黄芩3克，粉甘草2.4克，蚤休3克，大地龙9克，钩藤9克（后下）。
[按语]食厥为进食不洁之物，停滞于中脘，化热上壅，以致蒙蔽清窍而引起的一种昏厥。它与虫厥之腹部绞痛，时作时止，痛甚则汗出或吐涎沫，或吐蛔虫等症状显然有别。本案为食厥，以葛根芩连汤清肠化滞，四逆散敛阴泄热治厥，且辅以蚤休、地龙、钩藤镇静止厥。
5．孟姓幼儿。洗澡后，随即发热，因热度高，闭目时有惊惕状，退热利尿不容迟缓。淡黄芩6克，杭菊花6克，七叶一枝花6克，净连翘9克，嫩白薇9克，地枯萝9克，双勾勾5克（后下），大地龙9克。
1．柯姓幼儿。麻疹后1周，气逆鼻煽，肌热不退，啼哭不能出声，肺气有壅闭之虑。（麻疹后肺炎）生麻黄2.4克，玉桔梗3克，带心川贝6克，淡黄芩5克，杏仁6克，嫩射干5克，净连翘9克，石菖蒲6克，远志肉3克，粉甘草3克。另：苏合香丸1粒，研末，分4次调服，每3小时1次。二诊：药后气逆大定，热势挫减。假使其热夜间不再上升，有出险之望。生麻黄2.4克，净连翘9克，淡黄芩5克，远志3克，石菖蒲5克，川贝6克，射干5克，紫菀6克，苏子6克（包煎），粉甘草3克。
[按语]小儿肺炎，气逆鼻煽乃其特征。方中用麻黄、杏仁、桔梗开肺；黄芩、连翘泄热解毒；射干、川贝泄肺化痰；菖蒲、远志、苏合香丸开窍醒神。此证肺气有壅闭之虑，病邪有内陷之势。先生掌握病机，在清肺消炎药中加入苏合香丸之温开，以泄热，开闭并用，终使病情转危为安。
2．邢孩。先是寒热、咳呛，据述以受惊而来，但受惊仅是诱因，感冒外邪是主因也。顷诊肌热不甚壮，而咳呛频仍，入夜气急胸高，白昼气急虽稍减，而两鼻煽动，吃紧处尤在脉之细数而软弱。此俗所称之肺风痰喘，远西则属之肺炎。治疗以宣肺强心为主。夫脉为血府，脉软弱，心力衰，血之运行不畅故也。生麻黄2.4克，杏仁泥10.5克，川桂枝3克（后下），生石膏18克，炙紫菀9克，射干5克，白苏子9克，苦桔梗5克，粉前胡5克，粉甘草3克，红枣5枚，浓煎频服。
[按语]病属肺炎，是风温闭肺之候，所以选用麻杏石甘汤以发散风热、清肺平喘；因为脉软弱，故加桂枝以通脉强心；余为宣肺止咳之品。如药后仍然高热、气急鼻煽者，先生往往于上方中加鱼腥草、蒲公英各18克，以清热解毒。
3．王孩。高热（39.5℃），两颧发赤；两颧属肺，肺热可知。呼吸微急，进一步便是气急鼻煽。薄荷5克（后下），连翘9克，黄芩9克，浮萍3克，苏子9克（研炒），桑白皮9克，射干2.4克，地龙9克，冬瓜子9克，茅根1扎，粉甘草2.4克。
二诊：检温38.6℃，热虽稍轻，胸中烦热殊甚，咳引右胁下痛，舌前半抽剥，后半垢腻。胁肋为肺之分野，热伏于肺，以辛散之，以苦泄之。薄荷5克（后下），连翘9克，黄芩9克，前胡6克，杏仁泥15克，桔梗2.4克，桑白皮9克，知母9克，大力子9克，全瓜蒌12克，活芦根30厘米。
三诊：体温39.2℃，前方不能挫其热势，入夜两颧烘热，今以白虎汤为骨干，舌红加地黄，便秘加芒硝。生石膏24克，知母9克，鲜生地24克，桑白皮9克，苏子12克（研），玄明粉9克（冲），全瓜蒌12克，活芦根30厘米，生甘草5克，粳米1撮。
四诊：测温39.5℃，热稽留不退，痰中带有淡红色血液，肺热之鸱张可知。肺与大肠为表里，若不通大便，热不得下泄。佩兰各9克，煎汤，令吸其蒸汽，勿入口。
[按语]现代医学所称之肺炎，中医认为，其主要病机为肺闭。杨案为风温闭肺，故用麻杏石甘汤，辛凉宣肺而效。夏案系痰闭，则用涤痰开闭为主，以麻黄、白芷等煎汤令吸气，对于许多重危肺炎确有改善症状的作用。邢案外闭风寒，内蕴痰热，故有取于大青龙汤加泻肺之品。此三案均为肺闭，而病情不同，故施治各异。
1．孙姓幼儿。口颊粘膜散布细小之白点，此点见于发热数日以后，终是麻疹现象。未曾透布，先发惊厥而喉有痰声，预后不能必其安全，是在看护得宜，方法另具别纸。粉葛根9克，桔梗3克，炙苏子9克（包煎），粉前胡3克，牛蒡子6克，芫荽子6克，无价散0.9克（分2次调入），粉甘草2.4克，扁豆衣9克，干荷叶1角。二诊：麻疹稀朗隐约，关乎体质之薄弱，予补中益气汤，痉厥加地龙、龙齿。生黄芪5克，党参6克，橘皮6克，当归6克，生白术9克，升麻2.4克，春柴胡2.4克，粉草3克，青龙齿6克（煅研末冲），大地龙3克。
[按语]发热数日，口颊粘膜散布细小白点，称作“麻疹斑”，是麻疹早期的特有体征。在麻疹未曾透布之先，即惊厥而咳有痰声，为肺气壅闭之象，有内陷之虞，故有取于宣肺透达之剂。由于患儿体质虚弱，得宣透之药而麻疹仍不能透发。二诊乃改用补中益气汤，扶正透疹。地龙之用，除取其熄风定惊外，又以其能缓解支气管痉挛，对本症之痰壅肺闭有良好的治疗作用。龙齿安神镇潜，既能止痉，又有防升、柴升散太过。可见先生择方遣药，寓有深意。无价散出自《证治准绳》，原治痘毒伤胃黑陷，先生移治麻疹高热，痧毒内陷者，亦有著效。其方为腊月干燥人（有作猪粪）粪，烧灰为散，每服方寸匕，砂糖米汤调服，服后黑陷者即变红活。近人亦有用金汁代之者。
2．张姓幼儿。痧历6日，依旧高热，脉数，气粗鼻煽，肺气有壅闭之虑，火毒有燎原之势。生麻黄2.4克，生石膏24克（先煎），玄参9克，连翘9克，北秦皮6克，银花炭12克，川贝母5克，苏子9克（包煎），碧玉散12克（包煎），杏仁泥9克，射干3克。另用：干荷叶1角，绿豆衣9克，代茶。二诊：险象大退，仍予开肺气，生津液，解痧毒，原法循序渐进。生麻黄2.4克，麦冬9克，射干3克，肥知母9克，炙紫菀9克，玄参9克，天花粉9克，绿豆衣9克，金银花12克，粉甘草5克。
[按语]“瘩”为麻疹的俗称。麻疹6日，高热、脉数、气粗鼻煽，为并发肺炎之征。故以解毒消炎为治，用麻黄、石膏、杏仁开肺泄热，玄参、黄芩、连翘清热解毒，射干、苏子、川贝以泄肺气之壅；所以应用银花炭、秦皮、碧玉散，殆为患者兼有肠炎之故。药后病势大挫，二诊乃去泻火清热之石膏、黄芩，增入麦冬、知母、花粉之甘寒养阴。
3．王姓幼儿。身热2日，有上呼吸道感染症状，面色潮红，眼泪汪汪，察其臼齿两旁粘膜有小白点。此为麻疹之先声，当透发。荆芥穗5克，薄荷3克（后下），前胡5克，牛蒡子6克，桔梗3克，连翘9克，苏子6克，橘红3克，蝉退3克，通草3克。
4．宋姓幼儿。麻疹将回之际，看护失当，变症蜂起，今高热不退，气急鼻煽，而面色灰败。生麻黄2.4克，生石膏15克，鲜生地18克，石菖蒲6克，炮附块5克，远志5克，炙紫菀9克，胆星6克，连翘12克，甘草1.5克，杏仁泥15克，牛黄抱龙丸1粒（化服）。
5．吴姓幼儿。麻疹高热，目前吃紧之处凡有两端：一为热势炎炎；二为口唇干燥，口腔糜烂出血。粉葛根9克，连翘9克，紫草5克，小生地12克，粉丹皮9克，浙贝9克，梗通5克，生甘草2.4克，白茅根30克（打汁）。
二诊：古人谓痧毒上燔，以现代观点多是口腔细菌乘机猖厥。川雅连1.2克，蒲公英9克，银花9克，黑山栀9克，紫花地丁9克，野菊花9克，绿豆衣9克，玄参9克，大青叶9克。
6．周姓幼儿。麻疹密布如斑，喉痛，有猩红热之嫌，而无杨梅舌，宜凉血。丹皮9克，小蓟9克，紫菀9克，牛蒡子9克，赤芍6克，射干3克，马兜铃9克，夏枯草9克，茅根1扎。
7．张姓幼儿。凡麻疹成片成块者，古人称为痧夹斑，痧当透发，而斑则须清化。薄荷3克，蝉衣3克，前胡3克，牛蒡子9克，小蓟9克，生山栀6克，紫草3克，丹皮6克，绿豆衣12克，竹叶30张。多吃水果及地栗汤。
8．杨姓幼儿。遍身透布红点，其形状类正痧。所可疑者，在不发热，但正痧亦有不发热者，惟为数甚少。升麻5克，葛根9克，白芍6克，通草3克，粉草2.4克，郁金2.4克，石菖蒲6克。[按语]麻疹治法，初期宜透，中期宜清，末期宜养阴，兼以清解余毒。用温补者是为变法。宋案高热，气急鼻煽，而用附子，盖面色灰败，脱象已露，故在泄热、祛痰、开肺的同时，不得不考虑到温心阳以救逆。杨案麻疹无热，较为罕见，录之以供参考。
1．黄姓幼儿。泄泻次数太繁，水分丧失，容易中毒昏沉，呕吐惊厥。粉葛根9克，川黄连1克，白槿花6克，黄芩3克，杭白芍5克，樗白皮6克，扁豆衣9克，银花炭9克，百草霜12克（包煎），干荷叶1角。二诊：水分缺乏太甚，小便滴沥，可虑之至，改予葛根黄芩黄连加芍汤合五苓散，此变法也。粉葛根9克，黄连1.5克，桂枝2.4克（后下），黄芩5克，杭芍6克，生白术9克，泽泻9克，赤猪苓各9克，甘草2.4克，干荷叶1角。
2. Yao, infant. High fever, the heat is scorching to the touch, resulting in blurred consciousness. Due to fluid consumption by heat, urine is scanty; the condition is critical. Fresh Rehmanniae Radix (Sheng Di Huang) 60g (juiced), Coptidis Rhizoma (Huang Lian) 2.4g, Lonicerae Japonicae Flos (Jin Yin Hua) 12g, Gypsum Fibrosum (Shi Gao) 18g (decocted first), Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus (Chuan Bei Mu) 5g, Forsythiae Fructum (Lian Qiao) 9g, Scutellariae Radix (Huang Qin) 9g, Bi Yu San 12g (wrapped). Additionally: Calculus Bovis (Niu Huang) 0.3g, Talcum (Tian Zhu Huang) 0.9g, ground into fine powder, taken in 5 doses. [Commentary] In warm diseases, high fever with blurred consciousness indicates pathogenic factors entering the Ying (Nutrient) level and Heart. Thus, Qing Ying Tang (Clear the Nutrient Decoction) is modified. Niu Huang combined with Tian Zhu Huang has the effects of clearing the Heart and opening orifices, clearing heat and detoxifying, and resolving phlegm and calming convulsions.
3. Lu, infant. High fever for 4 days, worsening at night, accompanied by asthma and mental confusion due to incomplete defecation. Liang Ge San (Cool the Epigastrium Powder) was prescribed with added Curcumae Longae Rhizoma (Guang Yu Jin) and Niu Huang Bao Long Wan (Calculus Bovis Dragon-Embracing Pill). Second visit: Fever fluctuates intermittently; sometimes there is coma and delirium, and the abdomen is distended upon palpation. This is a Yangming syndrome, requiring clearing heat and purging. Halloysitum Rubrum (Han Shui Shi) 12g, Scutellariae Radix (Huang Qin) 6g, Forsythiae Fructum (Lian Qiao) 9g, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhi Mu) 5g, Artemisiae Annuae Herba (Qing Hao) 6g, Benincasae Semen Exsiccatum (Gua Lou) 9g, Immature Tangerine Peel (Zhi Shi) 5g, Curcumae Aromatae Rhizoma (Yu Jin) 5g, Pheretima (Di Long) washed with wine 9g, Bombyx Batryticatus (Wan Can Sha) 9g (wrapped), Gleditsiae Sinensis Spina (Zao Jia Zi) 3g, Shen Xi Dan 1 pill (dissolved and taken), Arecae Semen (Bing Lang) 6g. Third visit: High fever of 40°C has subsided; there are hot sores in the right nasal cavity, and breathing remains tense. Fortunately, coughing occurs occasionally, providing a pathway for the warm pathogen to exit. Glehniae Radix (Bei Sha Shen) 9g, Belamcandae Rhizoma (She Gan) 5g, Forsythiae Fructum (Lian Qiao) 9g, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhi Mu) 5g, Platycodonis Radix (Jie Geng) 3g, Polygalae Radix (Yuan Zhi) 3g, Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma (Shi Chang Pu) 9g, Ophiopogonis Radix (Mai Dong) 6g, Pinelliae Preparata (Dan Xing) 2.4g, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gan Cao) 3g, Shen Xi Dan 1 pill (dissolved and taken).
[Commentary] In the first visit, Liang Ge San was used to purge fire and promote bowel movement. Due to mental confusion, to prevent further coma, Guang Yu Jin and Niu Huang Bao Long Wan were used to open orifices, clear heat, and calm the spirit. In the second visit, Han Shui Shi and Zhi Mu were used to clear heat in the Yangming meridian, while Zhi Shi, Gua Lou, Can Sha, Zao Jia Zi, and Bing Lang were used to direct qi downward and resolve intestinal stagnation. Shen Xi Dan was added to clear heat, open orifices, cool blood, and detoxify. The prescription was potent. After medication, the high fever subsided, and the formula was changed to Bei Sha Shen, Zhi Mu, and Mai Dong to nourish yin and clear heat. Due to coughing, Jie Geng, Yuan Zhi, and Dan Xing were used to diffuse the lungs and resolve phlegm, facilitating the expulsion of sputum.
Convulsions
1. Chen, infant. Head tilted backward, difficulty flexing and extending the right leg, frequent twitching of both hands, loss of pupillary reflex. Western medicine diagnosed tuberculous meningitis; injection of Streptomycin for 50 bottles was ineffective. Prognosis is concerning. Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix (Pao Fu Kuai) 3g, Codonopsis Radix (Dang Shen) 9g, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Bai Zhu) 9g, Poria (Fu Ling) 12g, Bombyx Batryticatus (Jiang Can) honey-fried 9g, Scorpio (Quan Wei) 1.5g, Gastrodiae Rhizoma (Tian Ma) 2.4g, Polygalae Radix (Yuan Zhi) 3g, Licorice Root (Zhi Gan Cao) 2.4g.
2. Gu, infant. Ill for only 3 days, high fever with locked jaw, opisthotonos, red and crimson tongue tip; any movement or turning causes convulsions; crying out in sleep; resistance felt when straightening the legs. The lesion is in the brain. I tentatively prescribe the following to do my best. Water Buffalo Horn (Xi Jiao) 1.5g (ground and mixed), Fresh Rehmanniae Radix (Sheng Di Huang) 32g, Moutan Cortex (Mu Dan Pi) 9g, Red Peony Root (Chi Shao) 9g, Pheretima (Di Long) 9g, Paris Polyphylla (Chong Lou) 5g, Uncaria Ramulus cum Uncis (Gou Teng) 9g, Gastrodiae Rhizoma (Tian Ma) 5g, Scorpio (Quan Wei) 0.9g (ground and mixed), Dang Gui Lu Hui Wan (Aloe Pill) 5g (wrapped).
[Commentary] Convulsions are common in pediatrics, known as Jing Feng (Wind Shock) in TCM, divided into acute and chronic types. Gu's case: high fever, coma, crimson tongue indicate warm pathogens invading the Ying and Blood levels. Treatment focuses on Xi Jiao Di Huang Tang (Rhinoceros Horn and Rehmannia Decoction) to cool blood and clear the nutrient level, assisted by Tian Ma, Quan Wei, and Gou Teng to pacify the liver and extinguish wind. Chen's case: long duration, continuous convulsions, treated with Fu Zi Li Zhong Tang (Aconite and Magnolia Bark Decoction) plus Quan Wei. Although both are convulsions, they differ in cold/heat and deficiency/excess.
3. Tang, infant. Startled, restless during sleep, scanty urine due to excessive sweating, cold extremities. Prescribed Wen Qian Fa (Warming and Subduing Method). This is the method of Mr. Xu Xiaopu. Prepared Aconiti Radix (Dan Fu Pian) 5g, White Peony Root (Bai Shao) stir-fried 9g, Poria (Fu Ling) 9g, Calcined Oyster Shell (Duan Mu Li) decocted first 18g, Magnetitum (Ci Shi) decocted first 12g, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Bai Zhu) 9g, Cornus Officinalis Fruit (Shan Yu Rou) 6g, Trichosanthes Seed (Fu Xiao Mai) 9g, Asarum Root (Xi Xin) 1.8g, Dried Ginger (Gan Jiang) 2.4g, Licorice Root (Zhi Gan Cao) 3g, Myristica Seed (Rou Dou Kou) 5g.
[Commentary] Wen Qian Fa was created by renowned Shanghai pediatrician Mr. Xu Xiaopu. Through extensive practice, he realized that many children, due to congenital insufficiency or prolonged illness damaging healthy qi, exhibit signs of true yin deficiency alongside yang collapse and exhaustion, presenting with soft pulse, cold limbs, long urination or loose stools, restlessness, and even insomnia. He believed Wen Qian Fa restores the balance of water and fire, yin and yang, and applied it widely to pediatric internal injuries, warm diseases, and summerheat diseases. This case involves post-startle restlessness and cold extremities indicating yang deficiency, fitting the Wen Qian method. The formula uses Aconite to warm yang, and Magnetitum and Oyster Shell to subdue and anchor.
4. Wu, infant. Sudden syncope is either worm-induced or food-induced. One must investigate past history and cause; this is food-induced syncope, characterized by loose, unsatisfactory stool. Bupleuri Radix (Chai Hu) 5g, Immature Tangerine Peel (Zhi Shi) 9g, Coptidis Rhizoma (Huang Lian) 0.9g, White Peony Root (Bai Shao) 9g, Puerariae Lobatae Radix (Ge Gen) 9g, Scutellariae Radix (Huang Qin) 3g, Licorice Root (Gan Cao) 2.4g, Paris Polyphylla (Chong Lou) 3g, Pheretima (Di Long) 9g, Uncaria Ramulus cum Uncis (Gou Teng) added later 9g.
[Commentary] Food-induced syncope results from consuming unclean food, stagnating in the middle jiao, transforming into heat that rises and clouds the clear orifices. It differs clearly from worm-induced syncope, which features colicky abdominal pain, intermittent onset, sweating or salivation/vomiting worms during severe pain. This case is food-induced syncope. Ge Gen Qin Lian Tang clears the intestines and resolves stagnation; Si Ni San (Frigid Extremities Powder) preserves yin and drains heat to treat syncope. Chong Lou, Di Long, and Gou Teng are added to calm and stop convulsions.
5. Meng, infant. Fever shortly after bathing. Due to high heat, there is startle-like behavior with eyes closed. Antipyretic and diuretic treatment cannot be delayed. Scutellariae Radix (Huang Qin) 6g, Chrysanthemi Flos (Ju Hua) 6g, Paris Polyphylla (Qi Ye Yi Zhi Hua) 6g, Forsythiae Fructum (Lian Qiao) 9g, Cynanchum Atratum (Bai Wei) 9g, Pleurospermum Anthemoides (Di Ku Luo) 9g, Uncaria Ramulus cum Uncis (Gou Teng) added later 5g, Pheretima (Di Long) 9g.
Pneumonia
1. Ke, infant. One week after measles, air reversal and nasal flaring, persistent skin fever, inability to cry aloud due to throat obstruction, concern for lung qi obstruction. (Post-measles pneumonia) Ephedrae Herba (Ma Huang) 2.4g, Platycodonis Radix (Jie Geng) 3g, Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus (Chuan Bei Mu) 6g, Scutellariae Radix (Huang Qin) 5g, Armeniacae Semen Amarum (Xing Ren) 6g, Belamcandae Rhizoma (She Gan) 5g, Forsythiae Fructum (Lian Qiao) 9g, Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma (Shi Chang Pu) 6g, Polygalae Radix (Yuan Zhi) 3g, Licorice Root (Gan Cao) 3g. Additionally: Su He Xiang Wan (Styrax Pill) 1 pill, ground into powder, taken in 4 doses mixed, every 3 hours. Second visit: Air reversal stabilized, fever reduced. If fever does not rise again at night, there is hope of recovery. Ephedrae Herba (Ma Huang) 2.4g, Forsythiae Fructum (Lian Qiao) 9g, Scutellariae Radix (Huang Qin) 5g, Polygalae Radix (Yuan Zhi) 3g, Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma (Shi Chang Pu) 5g, Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus (Chuan Bei Mu) 6g, Belamcandae Rhizoma (She Gan) 5g, Asteris Radix (Zi Wan) 6g, Perillae Fructus (Su Zi) wrapped 6g, Licorice Root (Gan Cao) 3g.
[Commentary] Nasal flaring with air reversal is characteristic of pediatric pneumonia. Ma Huang, Xing Ren, and Jie Geng open the lungs; Huang Qin and Lian Qiao drain heat and detoxify; She Gan and Chuan Bei Mu drain lung heat and resolve phlegm; Shi Chang Pu, Yuan Zhi, and Su He Xiang Wan open orifices and awaken the spirit. Concerned about lung obstruction and pathogen sinking inward, the Master incorporated the warming-opening property of Su He Xiang Wan into heat-clearing and anti-inflammatory herbs to drain heat and open blockages simultaneously, turning danger into safety.
2. Xing, child. Initially chills and fever, coughing. Reported triggered by fright, but fright was merely a trigger; external wind-cold was the main cause. Current examination shows mild fever, frequent coughing, shortness of breath and chest elevation at night, slightly reduced shortness of breath during day but nasal flaring persists. Critical point is the fine, rapid, and weak pulse. This is commonly called Lung Wind Phlegm Asthma, corresponding to pneumonia in Western medicine. Treatment focuses on diffusing the lungs and strengthening the heart. Pulse reflects blood vessels; weak pulse indicates heart failure and poor blood circulation. Ephedrae Herba (Ma Huang) 2.4g, Armeniacae Semen Amarum paste (Xing Ren Ni) 10.5g, Cinnamomi Ramulus (Gui Zhi) added later 3g, Gypsum Fibrosum (Shi Gao) 18g, Asteris Radix (Zi Wan) honey-fried 9g, Belamcandae Rhizoma (She Gan) 5g, Perillae Fructus (Su Zi) 9g, Platycodonis Radix (Jie Geng) 5g, Peucedani Radix (Qian Hu) 5g, Licorice Root (Gan Cao) 3g, Jujubae Fructus (Da Zao) 5 pieces, decocted thickly and taken frequently.
[Commentary] Pneumonia corresponds to Wind-Warmth closing the lungs. Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang (Ephedra, Apricot Kernel, Gypsum, and Licorice Decoction) disperses wind-heat and clears the lungs to calm asthma. Due to weak pulse, Gui Zhi is added to unblock vessels and strengthen the heart. Others diffuse lungs and stop cough. If high fever and nasal flaring persist, Master often adds Houttuyniae Herba (Yu Xing Cao) and Taraxaci Herba (Pu Gong Ying) 18g each to clear heat and detoxify.
3. Wang, child. High fever (39.5°C), red cheeks; cheeks correspond to the lungs, indicating lung heat. Slightly急促 breathing, progressing to shortness of breath and nasal flaring. Menthae Haplocalycis Herba (Bo He) added later 5g, Forsythiae Fructum (Lian Qiao) 9g, Scutellariae Radix (Huang Qin) 9g, Lemna Minoris Herba (Fu Ping) 3g, Perillae Fructus (Su Zi) roasted and ground 9g, Morus Alba Cortex (Sang Bai Pi) 9g, Belamcandae Rhizoma (She Gan) 2.4g, Pheretima (Di Long) 9g, Benincasae Semen Exsiccatum (Dong Gua Zi) 9g, Imperatae Rhizoma (Bai Mao Gen) 1 bundle, Licorice Root (Gan Cao) 2.4g.
Second visit: Temperature 38.6°C. Fever slightly lighter, but intense vexation and heat in chest, cough radiating to right hypochondriac pain, peeled anterior tongue coating, greasy posterior coating. Hypochondrium belongs to the lung field. Heat hidden in lungs requires acrid dispersion and bitter drainage. Menthae Haplocalycis Herba (Bo He) added later 5g, Forsythiae Fructum (Lian Qiao) 9g, Scutellariae Radix (Huang Qin) 9g, Peucedani Radix (Qian Hu) 6g, Armeniacae Semen Amarum paste (Xing Ren Ni) 15g, Platycodonis Radix (Jie Geng) 2.4g, Morus Alba Cortex (Sang Bai Pi) 9g, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhi Mu) 9g, Arctii Fructus (Niu Bang Zi) 9g, Benincasae Semen Exsiccatum (Quan Gua Lou) 12g, Reeds Rhizome (Lu Gen) 30cm.
Third visit: Temperature 39.2°C. Previous formula failed to reduce fever. Flushing cheeks at night. Bai Hu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) used as backbone. Added Rehmanniae Radix (Di Huang) for red tongue, Mang Xiao (Mang Xiao) for constipation. Gypsum Fibrosum (Shi Gao) 24g, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhi Mu) 9g, Fresh Rehmanniae Radix (Sheng Di Huang) 24g, Morus Alba Cortex (Sang Bai Pi) 9g, Perillae Fructus (Su Zi) ground 12g, Mirabilite (Xuan Ming Fen) mixed in 9g, Benincasae Semen Exsiccatum (Quan Gua Lou) 12g, Reeds Rhizome (Lu Gen) 30cm, Licorice Root (Gan Cao) 5g, Rice (Jing Mi) a pinch.
Fourth visit: Temperature 39.5°C. Fever persists, sputum contains pale red blood, indicating rampant lung heat. Lungs and Large Intestine are exterior-interior related. Without bowel movement, heat cannot drain down. Eupatorii Herba (Pei Lan) 9g, decocted for inhalation of steam, do not swallow.
[Commentary] Modern pneumonia is viewed in TCM primarily as Lung Closure. Yang's case: Wind-Warmth closing lungs, treated with Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang, acrid-cool diffusing lungs, effective. Xia's case: Phlegm closure, treated with phlegm-resolving and opening methods. Inhaling decoctions of Ma Huang and Bai Zhi improves symptoms in severe pneumonia. Xing's case: External wind-cold closure, internal phlegm-heat accumulation, treated with Da Qing Long Tang (Great Green Dragon Decoction) plus lung-draining herbs. All three cases involve Lung Closure but differ in pathology, hence different treatments.
Measles
1. Sun, infant. Small white spots scattered on buccal mucosa, appearing after several days of fever, indicative of measles. Not yet erupted, started with convulsions and rattling phlegm in throat. Prognosis uncertain, depends on proper care, methods detailed separately. Puerariae Lobatae Radix (Ge Gen) 9g, Platycodonis Radix (Jie Geng) 3g, Perillae Fructus (Su Zi) wrapped 9g, Peucedani Radix (Qian Hu) 3g, Arctii Fructum (Niu Bang Zi) 6g, Coriandri Fructus (Yan Sui Zi) 6g, Wu Jia San 0.9g (mixed in 2 doses), Licorice Root (Gan Cao) 2.4g, Dolichos Lablab Seed Coat (Bian Dou Yi) 9g, Dried Lotus Leaf (He Ye) 1 corner. Second visit: Measles sparse and faint, related to weak constitution. Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction) given, adding Di Long and Long Chi for convulsions. Astragali Radix (Huang Qi) 5g, Codonopsis Radix (Dang Shen) 6g, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chen Pi) 6g, Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Dang Gui) 6g, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Bai Zhu) 9g, Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Sheng Ma) 2.4g, Bupleuri Radix (Chai Hu) 2.4g, Licorice Root (Gan Cao) 3g, Dragon Teeth (Long Chi) calcined and ground 6g, Pheretima (Di Long) 3g.
[Commentary] Small white spots on buccal mucosa after fever are "Measles Spots," a specific sign of early measles. Before eruption, convulsions and rattling phlegm indicate lung qi obstruction and risk of sinking inward. Hence, formulas to diffuse lungs and promote eruption are used. Due to weak constitution, measles did not erupt despite diffusion herbs. Second visit switched to Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang to support healthy qi and promote eruption. Di Long extinguishes wind and calms convulsions, and relieves bronchial spasm, treating phlegm obstruction. Long Chi calms spirit and anchors, stopping spasms and preventing excessive ascending action of Sheng Ma and Chai Hu. Master's prescription choices are profound. Wu Jia San comes from Zheng Zhi Zhun Sheng, originally for smallpox toxicity causing black depression. Master adapted it for high fever measles with toxin sinking inward, also effective. Formula uses dried human feces (sometimes pig manure) from December, burned to ash, taken with sugar and rice soup, turning black depressed lesions red and active. Some modern practitioners use Jin Zhi (Gold Juice) instead.
2. Zhang, infant. Rash for 6 days, still high fever, rapid pulse, coarse breathing, nasal flaring. Concern for lung qi obstruction, fire-toxin spreading like wildfire. Ephedrae Herba (Ma Huang) 2.4g, Gypsum Fibrosum (Shi Gao) decocted first 24g, Scrophulariae Radix (Xuan Shen) 9g, Forsythiae Fructum (Lian Qiao) 9g, Fraxini Rhynchophylla Cortex (Qin Pi) 6g, Charred Lonicerae Japonicae Flos (Yin Hua Tan) 12g, Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus (Chuan Bei Mu) 5g, Perillae Fructus (Su Zi) wrapped 9g, Bi Yu San 12g (wrapped), Armeniacae Semen Amarum paste (Xing Ren Ni) 9g, Belamcandae Rhizoma (She Gan) 3g. Additionally: Dried Lotus Leaf 1 corner, Vigna Radiata Seed Coat (Lu Dou Yi) 9g, as tea. Second visit: Danger signs greatly receded. Continue to open lung qi, generate fluids, resolve toxin. Follow original method gradually. Ephedrae Herba (Ma Huang) 2.4g, Ophiopogonis Radix (Mai Dong) 9g, Belamcandae Rhizoma (She Gan) 3g, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhi Mu) 9g, Asteris Radix (Zi Wan) honey-fried 9g, Scrophulariae Radix (Xuan Shen) 9g, Trichosanthis Radix (Tian Hua Fen) 9g, Vigna Radiata Seed Coat (Lu Dou Yi) 9g, Lonicerae Japonicae Flos (Jin Yin Hua) 12g, Licorice Root (Gan Cao) 5g.
[Commentary] "Da" is a colloquial term for measles. On day 6, high fever, rapid pulse, coarse breathing, nasal flaring indicate complicated pneumonia. Treatment focuses on detoxification and anti-inflammation. Ma Huang, Shi Gao, Xing Ren open lungs and drain heat; Xuan Shen, Huang Qin, Lian Qiao clear heat and detoxify; She Gan, Su Zi, Chuan Bei Mu drain lung qi obstruction. Charred Yin Hua, Qin Pi, and Bi Yu San were likely used because the patient had concurrent enteritis. Disease势头 greatly subdued after medication. Second visit removed Shi Gao and Huang Qin (fire-purging heat-clearing), added Mai Dong, Zhi Mu, Tian Hua Fen (sweet-cold yin-nourishing).
3. Wang, infant. Fever for 2 days, upper respiratory infection symptoms, flushed face, watery eyes. Small white spots observed on mucosa beside molars. This is the precursor to measles, should be diffused. Schizonepetae Spica (Jing Jie Sui) 5g, Menthae Haplocalycis Herba (Bo He) added later 3g, Peucedani Radix (Qian Hu) 5g, Arctii Fructum (Niu Bang Zi) 6g, Platycodonis Radix (Jie Geng) 3g, Forsythiae Fructum (Lian Qiao) 9g, Perillae Fructus (Su Zi) 6g, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Ju Hong) 3g, Cicadae Periostracum (Chan Tui) 3g, Tectona Grandis Stem (Tong Cao) 3g.
4. Song, infant. During measles regression, improper care led to complications. Now persistent high fever, shortness of breath, nasal flaring, grayish-dead complexion. Ephedrae Herba (Ma Huang) 2.4g, Gypsum Fibrosum (Shi Gao) 15g, Fresh Rehmanniae Radix (Sheng Di Huang) 18g, Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma (Shi Chang Pu) 6g, Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix (Pao Fu Kuai) 5g, Polygalae Radix (Yuan Zhi) 5g, Asteris Radix (Zi Wan) honey-fried 9g, Pinelliae Preparata (Dan Xing) 6g, Forsythiae Fructum (Lian Qiao) 12g, Licorice Root (Gan Cao) 1.5g, Armeniacae Semen Amarum paste (Xing Ren Ni) 15g, Niu Huang Bao Long Wan 1 pill (dissolved and taken).
5. Wu, infant. High fever measles. Critical issues: 1. Intense heat; 2. Dry lips, oral erosion and bleeding. Puerariae Lobatae Radix (Ge Gen) 9g, Forsythiae Fructum (Lian Qiao) 9g, Lithospermi Radix (Zi Cao) 5g, Small Fresh Rehmanniae Radix (Xiao Sheng Di) 12g, Moutan Cortex (Mu Dan Pi) 9g, Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus (Zhe Bei) 9g, Tectona Grandis Stem (Tong Cao) 5g, Licorice Root (Gan Cao) 2.4g, Imperatae Rhizome (Bai Mao Gen) juiced 30g.
Second visit: Ancients said toxin burns upward; modern view suggests oral bacteria taking advantage. Coptidis Rhizoma (Ya Lian) 1.2g, Taraxaci Herba (Pu Gong Ying) 9g, Lonicerae Japonicae Flos (Jin Yin Hua) 9g, Gardeniae Fructus (Shan Zhi Zi) 9g, Violae Herba (Zi Hua Di Ding) 9g, Chrysanthemi Indici Flos (Ye Ju Hua) 9g, Vigna Radiata Seed Coat (Lu Dou Yi) 9g, Scrophulariae Radix (Xuan Shen) 9g, Isatidis Folium (Da Qing Ye) 9g.
6. Zhou, infant. Measles dense as spots, sore throat, suspected scarlet fever but no strawberry tongue. Should cool blood. Moutan Cortex (Mu Dan Pi) 9g, Cirsii Herba (Xiao Ji) 9g, Asteris Radix (Zi Wan) 9g, Arctii Fructum (Niu Bang Zi) 9g, Red Peony Root (Chi Shao) 6g, Belamcandae Rhizoma (She Gan) 3g, Aristolochiae Radix (Ma Dou Ling) 9g, Prunella Spica (Xia Ku Cao) 9g, Imperatae Rhizoma (Bai Mao Gen) 1 bundle.
7. Zhang, infant. Measles in patches/blocks, ancients called Sha Jia Ban (Sha with spots). Sha should be diffused, spots should be cleared and transformed. Menthae Haplocalycis Herba (Bo He) 3g, Cicadae Periostracum (Chan Yi) 3g, Peucedani Radix (Qian Hu) 3g, Arctii Fructum (Niu Bang Zi) 9g, Cirsii Herba (Xiao Ji) 9g, Gardeniae Fructus (Shan Zhi Zi) 6g, Lithospermi Radix (Zi Cao) 3g, Moutan Cortex (Mu Dan Pi) 6g, Vigna Radiata Seed Coat (Lu Dou Yi) 12g, Bamboo Leaves (Zhu Ye) 30 sheets. Eat more fruits and Dioscorea Hypoglauca Soup.
8. Yang, infant. Red spots distributed all over body, shape similar to regular Sha. Suspicious aspect is lack of fever, though rare cases of non-feverish regular Sha exist. Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Sheng Ma) 5g, Puerariae Lobatae Radix (Ge Gen) 9g, White Peony Root (Bai Shao) 6g, Tectona Grandis Stem (Tong Cao) 3g, Licorice Root (Gan Cao) 2.4g, Curcumae Aromatae Rhizoma (Yu Jin) 2.4g, Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma (Shi Chang Pu) 6g. [Commentary] Measles treatment: early stage diffuse, middle stage clear, late stage nourish yin and clear residual toxin. Warming and tonifying is a variant method. Song's case: high fever, nasal flaring, used Aconite because grayish-dead complexion indicated collapse. While draining heat, resolving phlegm, and opening lungs, warming heart-yang to save from collapse was necessary. Yang's case: measles without fever is rare, recorded for reference.
Diarrhea/Dysentery
1. Huang, infant. Frequent diarrhea, fluid loss, prone to toxic coma, vomiting, convulsions. Puerariae Lobatae Radix (Ge Gen) 9g, Coptidis Rhizoma (Huang Lian) 1g, Hibiscus Mutabilis Flower (Bai Jin Hua) 6g, Scutellariae Radix (Huang Qin) 3g, White Peony Root (Bai Shao) 5g, Meliae Cortex (Chu Bai Pi) 6g, Dolichos Lablab Seed Coat (Bian Dou Yi) 9g, Charred Lonicerae Japonicae Flos (Yin Hua Tan) 9g, Cinnabar (Bai Cao Shuang) wrapped 12g, Dried Lotus Leaf (He Ye) 1 corner. Second visit: Severe fluid deficiency, scanty urine, very concerning. Changed to Ge Gen Huang Qin Huang Lian Jia Shao Tang combined with Wu Ling San, a variant method. Puerariae Lobatae Radix (Ge Gen) 9g, Coptidis Rhizoma (Huang Lian) 1.5g, Cinnamomi Ramulus (Gui Zhi) added later 2.4g, Scutellariae Radix (Huang Qin) 5g, White Peony Root (Bai Shao) 6g, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Bai Zhu) 9g, Alismatis Rhizoma (Ze Xie) 9g, Polyporus (Zhu Ling) and Wolfiporia (Fu Ling) 9g each, Licorice Root (Gan Cao) 2.4g, Dried Lotus Leaf (He Ye) 1 corner.