（手太阴属脏）
肺主气。属西方而色白。其形如华盖。为诸阳之首。凡声之出入。气之呼吸。自肺司之。其性娇
嫩。故与火为仇。其体属金而畏燥。故遇寒亦咳。凡目白及右颊鼻孔。皆其分野。然肺气之衰
旺。关乎寿命之短长。全恃肾水充足。不使虚火烁金。则长保清宁之体。而寿臻永固。
肺有里症。亦有表症。肺主皮毛故也。邪在表。右寸脉必浮。其症为发热。为喷嚏鼻塞。为咳。为
嗽。为畏风。为胸满痛。为喉疼。为鼻燥。为伤暑风。为中时疫。
发热者。腠理闭也。香苏散主之。喷嚏鼻塞者。肺窍受邪也。二陈汤加苏叶、生姜主之。咳者。无痰而
有声。气为邪遏也。桔梗前胡汤主之。嗽者。有声而有痰。液已化痰也。止嗽散主之。喘者。风寒闭塞
也。加味甘桔汤主之。畏风者。邪在皮毛也。香苏散主之。胸满痛者。气郁而胀也。加味甘桔汤主之。
喉疼者。邪化火而内焰也。加味甘桔汤主之。鼻燥者。邪化火而液干也。贝母栝蒌散主之。伤暑
风者。恶寒头痛而烦渴。香薷饮加荆芥、秦艽主之。中时疫者。初头痛发热。渐呕恶胸满。或胀闷谵狂。
唇焦口渴。先用香苏散。次则神术散。又治疫清凉散。便闭加大黄。
肺虚之症。右寸脉必细。其症为自汗。为咳嗽。为气急。为咯血。为肺痿。为虚劳。
自汗者。气虚表不固也。八珍汤加黄 、北五味、麦冬主之。咳嗽者。肺虚不宁也。五味异功散主之。
气急者。金不生水而虚火上炎也。知柏八味丸主之。咯血者。阴虚动火也。初用四生丸。兼用生地黄
汤。肺痿者。火刑金而叶焦也。五痿汤加天冬、百合主之。或紫菀散、人参燕窝百合汤亦可。虚劳者。
吐血而成。月华九、归脾汤、六味地黄汤并主之。
肺实之症。脉右寸必有力。其症为气闭。为痰闭。为暑闭。为水闭发喘。为风闭。为火闭。为咽痛。
为右胁痛。为肺痈。
气闭者。气壅塞其络而满闷也。加味甘桔汤主之。痰闭者。顽痰壅塞也。清膈煎主之。暑闭者。暑邪
中肺而烦渴也。消暑丸加香薷、木通主之。水闭发喘者。胃经蓄水作肿而浸肺也。五皮饮主之。风
闭者。风郁于肺而哮嗽也。麻黄汤主之。火闭者。火郁于肺而喘胀也。白虎汤加桑皮、葶苈主之。咽
痛者。诸闭皆能作火也。加味甘桔汤主之。右胁痛者。肝移邪于肺也。推气散主之。肺痈者。隐隐而
痛。吐痰腥臭也。桔梗汤主之。
肺寒之症。外感居多。脉右寸必迟。其症为清涕。为咳嗽。为恶寒。为面色痿白。
清涕者。寒搏其液也。二陈汤加苏梗主之。咳嗽者。金畏寒也。止嗽散主之。恶寒者。阴忌其类也。香
苏散主之。面色痿白者。寒伤正气也。六君子汤主之。
肺热之症。脉右寸必数。其症为目赤。为鼻衄。为咽痛。为吐血。为咳嗽浓痰。为酒积。为龟胸。为
小便不利。为便血。
目赤者。火克金也。泻白散加黄芩、菊花、连翘主之。鼻衄者。血热妄行也。茜根汤主之。咽痛者。火逼
咽道也。加味甘桔汤主之。吐血者。火动其血也。四生散、犀角地黄汤主之。咳嗽浓痰者。火刑金而
灼肺液也。黄芩知母汤主之。酒积者。鼻赤鼻疮。湿热内蒸也。黄芩清肺饮加葛花主之。龟胸者。肺
热而胀也。白虎汤主之。小便不利者。火铄金而化源窒也。黄芩清肺饮加盐豉主之。便血者。肺与
大肠相表里。火迫血行也。芍药甘草汤加黄芩、丹皮、生地主之。
（手太阴肺经属于脏）
肺主司气。归属于西方，对应白色。其形状像华盖一样。是诸阳经之首。凡是声音的出入、气息的呼吸，都由肺来主管。肺的性质娇嫩，所以与火相仇视。肺体属金而畏惧燥邪，所以遇到寒邪也会咳嗽。凡是眼白部分以及右脸颊、鼻孔，都是肺所管辖的区域。然而，肺气的盛衰，关系到寿命的长短，完全依赖肾水充足，不让虚火灼烧肺金，这样才能长久保持清静安宁的身体状态，从而长寿稳固。
肺有里证，也有表证，这是因为肺主皮毛的缘故。邪气在表，右寸脉必然浮起。症状表现为发热、打喷嚏鼻塞、咳嗽、咳痰、怕风、胸满痛、喉咙痛、鼻干、伤暑风、感染时疫。
发热的，是腠理闭塞所致。用香苏散主治。打喷嚏鼻塞的，是肺窍受邪所致。用二陈汤加紫苏叶、生姜主治。咳嗽的，是没有痰而有声音，是气被邪气遏制所致。用桔梗前胡汤主治。咳痰的，是有声音且有痰，是津液已经化为痰所致。用止嗽散主治。喘息的，是风寒闭塞所致。用加味甘桔汤主治。怕风的，是邪气在皮毛所致。用香苏散主治。胸满痛的，是气郁结而胀满所致。用加味甘桔汤主治。喉咙痛的，是邪气化火并向内燃烧所致。用加味甘桔汤主治。鼻干的，是邪气化火导致津液干枯所致。用贝母栝蒌散主治。伤暑风的，是恶寒头痛且烦渴。用香薷饮加荆芥、秦艽主治。感染时疫的，初起头痛发热，逐渐出现呕吐恶心胸满，或者胀闷谵语发狂，嘴唇焦裂口渴。先用香苏散，接着用神术散，再用治疫清凉散治疗。大便闭结加大黄。
肺虚的症状，右寸脉必然细弱。症状表现为自汗、咳嗽、气急、咯血、肺痿、虚劳。
自汗的，是气虚表卫不固所致。用八珍汤加黄芪、北五味子、麦冬主治。咳嗽的，是肺虚不安宁所致。用五味异功散主治。气急的，是金不生水导致虚火上炎所致。用知柏八味丸主治。咯血的，是阴虚动火所致。初期用四生丸，兼用生地黄汤治疗。肺痿的，是火刑克肺金导致肺叶焦枯所致。用五痿汤加天冬、百合主治。或者紫菀散、人参燕窝百合汤也可以。虚劳的，是由吐血而成。月华丸、归脾汤、六味地黄汤并主之。
肺实的症状，脉象右寸必然有力。症状表现为气闭、痰闭、暑闭、水闭引发喘息、风闭、火闭、咽痛、右胁痛、肺痈。
气闭的，是气壅塞经络导致满闷。用加味甘桔汤主治。痰闭的，是顽痰壅塞所致。用清膈煎主治。暑闭的，是暑邪中肺导致烦渴。用消暑丸加香薷、木通主治。水闭引发喘息的，是胃经蓄水肿胀浸淫肺部所致。用五皮饮主治。风闭的，是风郁于肺导致哮嗽。用麻黄汤主治。火闭的，是火郁于肺导致喘胀。用白虎汤加桑白皮、葶苈子主治。咽痛的，是所有闭证都能化火。用加味甘桔汤主治。右胁痛的，是肝将邪气转移给肺所致。用推气散主治。肺痈的，是隐隐作痛，吐出的痰腥臭。用桔梗汤主治。
肺寒的症状，多由外感引起。脉象右寸必然迟慢。症状表现为流清涕、咳嗽、恶寒、面色萎白。
流清涕的，是寒邪搏结津液所致。用二陈汤加紫苏梗主治。咳嗽的，是肺畏寒所致。用止嗽散主治。恶寒的，是阴寒忌其同类（指阳气不足）。用香苏散主治。面色萎白的，是寒邪损伤正气所致。用六君子汤主治。
肺热的症状，脉象右寸必然数疾。症状表现为目赤、鼻衄、咽痛、吐血、咳嗽浓痰、酒积、龟胸、小便不利、便血。
目赤的，是火克金所致。用泻白散加黄芩、菊花、连翘主治。鼻衄的，是血热妄行所致。用茜根汤主治。咽痛的，是火逼迫咽喉通道所致。用加味甘桔汤主治。吐血的，是火动其血所致。用四生散、犀角地黄汤主治。咳嗽浓痰的，是火刑克肺金灼烧肺液所致。用黄芩知母汤主治。酒积的，是鼻赤鼻疮，湿热内蒸所致。用黄芩清肺饮加葛花主治。龟胸的，是肺热导致胀满。用白虎汤主治。小便不利的，是火烁金导致化源窒塞。用黄芩清肺饮加盐豉主治。便血的，是肺与大肠相表里，火迫血行所致。用芍药甘草汤加黄芩、丹皮、生地主治。
(Hand-Taiyin belongs to the Zang organs)
The Lung governs Qi. It corresponds to the West and the color white. Its shape is like a canopy (Huagai). It is the head of all Yang meridians. All sounds entering and exiting, and all breathing, are controlled by the Lung. The nature of the Lung is delicate and tender; therefore, it opposes Fire. The Lung body belongs to Metal and fears dryness; thus, it coughs when encountering Cold pathogens. The whites of the eyes, the right cheek, and the nostrils are all its territories. However, the decline or flourishing of Lung Qi relates to the length of life. It entirely depends on sufficient Kidney Water to prevent Deficient Fire from scorching Lung Metal, thereby maintaining a clear and tranquil body for longevity.
The Lung has Interior syndromes and Exterior syndromes because the Lung governs the skin and hair. When pathogens are in the Exterior, the Right Cun pulse must be Floating. Symptoms include fever, sneezing with nasal congestion, cough, expectoration, aversion to wind, chest fullness and pain, sore throat, dry nose, Wind-Heat stroke, and epidemic febrile diseases.
Fever is caused by the closure of interstices (Couli). Xiangsu San (Perilla and Liquorice Powder) is the primary formula. Sneezing and nasal congestion are caused by pathogens affecting the Lung orifices. Erchen Tang (Two-Aged Decoction) added with Perillae Folium (Suye) and Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang) is the primary formula. Cough (Ke) refers to sound without phlegm, where Qi is obstructed by pathogens. Jiegeng Qianhu Tang (Platycodon and Peucedanum Decoction) is the primary formula. Expectoration (Sou) refers to sound with phlegm, where fluids have transformed into phlegm. Zhisou San (Stop Cough Powder) is the primary formula. Asthma/Wheezing (Chuan) is caused by the closure of Wind-Cold. Jiawei Ganjie Tang (Modified Licorice and Platycodon Decoction) is the primary formula. Aversion to wind indicates pathogens in the skin and hair. Xiangsu San is the primary formula. Chest fullness and pain indicate Qi stagnation and distension. Jiawei Ganjie Tang is the primary formula. Sore throat indicates pathogens transforming into Fire and flaming inward. Jiawei Ganjie Tang is the primary formula. Dry nose indicates pathogens transforming into Fire and drying up fluids. Beimu Gualou San (Fritillaria and Trichosanthes Fruit Powder) is the primary formula. Wind-Heat stroke involves aversion to cold, headache, and irritability with thirst. Xiangru Yin (Elsholtzia Decoction) added with Schizonepetae Herba (Jingjie) and Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix (Qinjiao) is the primary formula. Epidemic febrile disease begins with headache and fever, gradually progressing to vomiting, nausea, chest fullness, or distension, delirium, and mania, with cracked lips and thirst. Initially use Xiangsu San, then Shenzhu San (Atractylodes Macrocephala Powder), followed by Zhiyi Qingliang San (Epidemic-Clearing Cooling Powder). Add Rhei Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang) for constipation.
Symptoms of Lung Deficiency show a Fine Right Cun pulse. Symptoms include spontaneous sweating, cough, shortness of breath, hemoptysis, Lung flaccidity (Fei Wei), and consumptive disease (Xu Lao).
Spontaneous sweating is due to Qi deficiency and insecure exterior defense. Bazhen Tang (Eight-Treasure Decoction) added with Astragali Radix (Huangqi), Schisandrae Fructus (Bei Wuwei), and Ophiopogonis Radix (Maidong) is the primary formula. Cough is due to Lung deficiency and unrest. Wuwei Yigong San (Five-Ingredient Efficacious Academy Powder) is the primary formula. Shortness of breath is due to Metal failing to generate Water, leading to rising Deficient Fire. Zhibai Bawei Wan (Anemarrhena, Phellodendron, and Eight-Ingredient Pill) is the primary formula. Hemoptysis is due to Yin deficiency stirring Fire. Initially use Sisheng Wan (Four-Living Pill), combined with Shengdihuang Tang (Rehmannia Decoction). Lung flaccidity is due to Fire punishing Metal, causing lung leaves to wither. Wuwei Tang (Five-Flaccidity Decoction) added with Asparagi Radix (Tian Dong) and Lilii Bulbus (Baihe) is the primary formula. Ziwan San (Aster Powder) or Renshen Yanwo Baihe Tang (Ginseng, Bird's Nest, and Lily Bulb Decoction) may also be used. Consumptive disease results from hematemesis. Yuehua Wan (Moonlight Pill), Guipi Tang (Restore the Spleen Decoction), and Liuwei Dihuang Tang (Six-Ingredient Rehmannia Pill) are all primary formulas.
Symptoms of Lung Excess show a Forceful Right Cun pulse. Symptoms include Qi obstruction, Phlegm obstruction, Summerheat obstruction, Water obstruction causing asthma, Wind obstruction, Fire obstruction, sore throat, right hypochondriac pain, and Lung abscess (Fei Yong).
Qi obstruction is due to Qi stagnating in collaterals causing fullness. Jiawei Ganjie Tang is the primary formula. Phlegm obstruction is due to stubborn phlegm accumulation. Qingge Jian (Clear Diaphragm Decoction) is the primary formula. Summerheat obstruction is due to Summerheat pathogen attacking the Lung causing irritability and thirst. Xiaoshu Wan (Summerheat-Dispelling Pill) added with Elsholtziae Herba (Xiangru) and Akebiae Caulis (Mutong) is the primary formula. Water obstruction causing asthma is due to water retention in the Stomach meridian swelling and flooding the Lung. Wupi Yin (Five-Bark Decoction) is the primary formula. Wind obstruction is due to Wind stagnating in the Lung causing wheezing and cough. Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) is the primary formula. Fire obstruction is due to Fire stagnating in the Lung causing asthma and distension. Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) added with Morus Cortex (Sangbai Pi) and Lepidii Semen (Tingli) is the primary formula. Sore throat occurs because all obstructions can transform into Fire. Jiawei Ganjie Tang is the primary formula. Right hypochondriac pain is due to Liver transferring pathogens to the Lung. Tuiqi San (Pushing-Qi Powder) is the primary formula. Lung abscess involves hidden pain and foul-smelling sputum. Jiegeng Tang (Platycodon Decoction) is the primary formula.
Symptoms of Lung Cold are mostly due to external contraction. The Right Cun pulse must be Slow. Symptoms include clear nasal discharge, cough, aversion to cold, and sallow complexion.
Clear nasal discharge is due to Cold binding fluids. Erchen Tang added with Perillae Caulis (Sugeng) is the primary formula. Cough is due to Metal fearing Cold. Zhisou San is the primary formula. Aversion to cold is due to Yin avoiding its kind (Yang deficiency). Xiangsu San is the primary formula. Sallow complexion is due to Cold damaging righteous Qi. Liujunzi Tang (Six-Gentlemen Decoction) is the primary formula.
Symptoms of Lung Heat show a Rapid Right Cun pulse. Symptoms include red eyes, epistaxis, sore throat, hematemesis, cough with thick phlegm, alcohol accumulation, turtle chest (Guixiong), difficult urination, and hematochezia.
Red eyes are due to Fire overcoming Metal. Xiebai San (Drain White Powder) added with Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin), Chrysanthemi Flos (Juhua), and Forsythiae Fructus (Lianqiao) is the primary formula. Epistaxis is due to blood heat moving recklessly. Qigen Tang (Rubia Root Decoction) is the primary formula. Sore throat is due to Fire forcing the throat passage. Jiawei Ganjie Tang is the primary formula. Hematemesis is due to Fire stirring blood. Sisheng San (Four-Living Powder) and Xijiao Dihuang Tang (Rhinoceros Horn and Rehmannia Decoction) are primary formulas. Cough with thick phlegm is due to Fire punishing Metal and burning Lung fluids. Huangqin Zhimu Tang (Scutellaria and Anemarrhena Decoction) is the primary formula. Alcohol accumulation involves red nose and nasal sores due to internal steaming of Damp-Heat. Huangqin Qingfei Yin (Scutellaria Lung-Clearing Drink) added with Puerariae Radix (Ge Hua) is the primary formula. Turtle chest is due to Lung heat causing distension. Baihu Tang is the primary formula. Difficult urination is due to Fire scorching Metal and blocking the source of transformation. Huangqin Qingfei Yin added with Glycines Soja Preparata (Yanchi) is the primary formula. Hematochezia occurs because the Lung and Large Intestine are interior-exterior paired; Fire forces blood movement. Shaoyao Gancao Tang (Peony and Licorice Decoction) added with Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin), Moutan Cortex (Danpi), and Rehmanniae Radix (Shengdi) is the primary formula.