经曰∶浊气在上，则生 胀，邪气逆上，则呕而吐。是证由荣卫俱虚，气血不足，停水积饮
于胃，则脏冷而脾不营运，气逆而成翻胃也。故朝食暮吐，心下牢大如杯；甚则食已即吐。经曰
∶得谷则昌，绝谷则亡。谷味难进。去死不远。患者知此，万缘屏息。澄心静养。参酌方药。尤
宜食干饭，以陈年酱、姜下之。渴以甘蔗汁，少入姜汁为饮，能饮驴尿最佳，切忌羹汤、生冷、
硬物。近世多以辛香燥热之药治之，间有虚寒者取效。若食已即吐，属实热者用之，因辛能行气
破滞。虽然暂可，由是五脏之火反炽，脾胃之阴愈伤，病转甚矣。尤有药饵将养得宜，遂获小愈
；则百念复生。饮食杂进，病加不能生全，理当预知。如有痰热、大便燥秘，日服滚痰丸数分（
方见痰门）。脉紧而弦为虚寒，浮紧滑数皆为热。小弱迟涩为寒而正气虚，兼助元、健脾和胃为
本。
主方 半夏（制） 浓朴 栀子（炒黑） 黄连（姜制） 陈皮（各八分） 茯苓 苍术（
米泔浸，炒） 竹茹 枳壳（各八分） 香附子 神曲 泽泻 当归 白豆蔻（各五分） 甘草（
二分） 上生姜三片，水二钟，煎八分，入磨沉香汁服。
和中桔梗汤 治上焦气热上冲，食已即吐，脉浮而洪。
桔梗（两半） 半夏曲（二两） 陈皮（去白，一两） 白术（一两五钱） 枳实（炒）
白茯苓 浓朴（姜炒，一两）
上咀，每服一两。煎取清汁，调木香散（二钱），隔夜空腹服。三服之后，气渐下，吐渐止
。然后去木香末，每料中加芍药二两，黄 一两五钱，服之便愈。如大便燥硬，食不能下，以小
承气汤微下之，少利为度，再服前药补之。
木香散 木香、槟榔各等分为末（小承气见伤寒。）
茯苓泽泻汤 治翻胃吐而渴欲饮水。
泽泻（四两） 白茯苓（半斤） 甘草 桂枝（各二两） 白术（三两） 生姜（四两）
上水一斗，煮取三升，纳泽泻再煮取二升半，温服三合，日三服。一方有小麦一升。
青金丹 治翻胃及一切寒热呕吐，百药不效者，一服即止。
水银（一两） 硫黄（五钱）
上同研至不见星，每服一钱，浓生姜、陈皮汤调下，未止再服。或姜糊丸绿豆大，姜汤下。
属寒者二钱，姜汁酒热调服，浓被盖出汗。小儿量服。
更以半夏（三钱）、陈皮（二钱）、茯苓、浓朴、藿香、苍术（各一钱） 生姜（七片），
捣，入水煎成，调砂仁（炒，研，一钱）服。另
取姜汁半杯，和汤一杯，热而辣者，每进药一口，姜汤一口送，服完，频饮热姜汤。垂死者用人
参二钱，水煎顿服。日再进以人参煮粥，食未安再服。
滚痰丸 治痰热吐（方见痰门。）
荆黄汤 热气冲逆，食已即吐（方见呕吐。）
简便方 平胃散（根据方制成）。姜汁、红枣丸，盐汤下；或姜，枣同研服。
又六一散，生姜自然汁澄下稠者（糖果店柞姜丝最多），和丸绿豆大，汤下。
又 白粱米汁（二合），生姜汁（一合），和服。
又 干柿饼烧灰（一钱），酒下。
又 米粉搜和成剂，丸如桐子大，煮熟，点盐少许，空心和汁吞。
又 大附子（一个），姜汁一碗浸透煮干，母丁香（十个），共为末，以少许安掌中，不时舐服。
又 蚯蚓屎（一两），木香（五钱），共为末，神曲糊为丸，陈皮，姜汤送下。
医经中说：浊气停留在上部，就会发生胀满；邪气逆乱上行，就会导致呕吐和反胃。这种病症是由于营卫之气都虚弱，气血不足，导致水饮停滞积聚在胃中，使得脏腑寒冷而脾脏不能正常运化，气机上逆从而形成翻胃（一种以朝食暮吐或食已即吐为主要特征的疾病）。所以表现为早晨吃的食物晚上吐出，心窝部坚硬如杯状；严重时则是吃完立刻吐出。医经又说：“能进食则生机旺盛，断绝饮食则生命危亡。”此时谷物难以进入体内，离死亡就不远了。患者得知这些道理后，应当摒弃万般杂念，使心神澄澈，安静调养。斟酌选用合适的方药。尤其适宜吃干饭，用陈年的酱和生姜送服。口渴时饮用甘蔗汁，少量加入姜汁作为饮品，如果能喝驴尿效果最佳，千万忌讳喝汤羹、生冷食物以及坚硬难消化的物品。近代医生多用辛香燥热的药物治疗此病，偶尔对于虚寒证型的患者能取得疗效。如果是“食已即吐”且属于实热证的，使用这类药物，是因为辛味药能行气破滞。虽然暂时可能有效，但因此会导致五脏之火反而炽盛，脾胃的阴液更加受损，病情反而加重。更有甚者，因为用药和调养得当，病情获得轻微好转，于是各种念头又生起，饮食杂乱摄入，导致病情加剧无法保全性命，这是理应预先知晓的道理。如果有痰热、大便干燥秘结的情况，每天服用滚痰丸数分（方剂见痰门章节）。脉象紧而弦表示虚寒，浮紧滑数都表示热证。脉象小弱迟涩表示寒证且正气虚弱，治疗应以扶助元气、健脾和胃为根本。
主方：半夏（制过的）、浓朴、栀子（炒黑）、黄连（姜制）、陈皮（各八分）、茯苓、苍术（米泔水浸泡，炒过）、竹茹、枳壳（各八分）、香附子、神曲、泽泻、当归、白豆蔻（各五分）、甘草（二分）。以上药材加生姜三片，水两钟，煎至八分，加入磨好的沉香汁服用。
和中桔梗汤：治疗上焦气热上冲，吃完食物立刻呕吐，脉象浮而洪大。
处方：桔梗（一两半）、半夏曲（二两）、陈皮（去白，一两）、白术（一两五钱）、枳实（炒过）、白茯苓、浓朴（姜炒，一两）。
以上药材切碎，每次服用一两。煎取清汁，调入木香散（二钱），隔夜空腹服用。服用三次之后，气机逐渐下行，呕吐逐渐停止。然后去掉木香末，每料药中加入芍药二两、黄芩一两五钱，服用后即可痊愈。如果大便干燥坚硬，食物无法下咽，用小承气汤轻微通下，以微微通便为度，然后再服用前面的药物进行补益。
木香散：木香、槟榔各等分研为细末。（小承气汤见伤寒论章节。）
茯苓泽泻汤：治疗翻胃呕吐且口渴想喝水的症状。
处方：泽泻（四两）、白茯苓（半斤）、甘草、桂枝（各二两）、白术（三两）、生姜（四两）。
以上用水一斗，煮取三升，放入泽泻再煮取二升半，温服三合，每日三次服用。另一版本有一升小麦。
青金丹：治疗翻胃及一切寒热引起的呕吐，其他药物无效者，服用一次即可停止。
处方：水银（一两）、硫黄（五钱）。
以上共同研磨直到看不见银色星点为止，每次服用一钱，用浓生姜和陈皮的汤调服，如果未止住可再服。或者制成姜糊丸，大小如绿豆，用姜汤送服。属于寒证的服用二钱，用姜汁和酒加热调服，盖上厚被子出汗。小儿酌情减量服用。
另外再用半夏（三钱）、陈皮（二钱）、茯苓、浓朴、藿香、苍术（各一钱）、生姜（七片），捣碎后加水煎成，调入砂仁（炒过，研细，一钱）服用。另取姜汁半杯，和汤一杯，要热而辣的那种，每进药一口，就用姜汤一口送服，药服完后，频繁饮用热姜汤。垂危病人用人参二钱，水煎顿服。每天两次用人参煮粥食用，如果饮食仍未安稳再服药。
简便方：平胃散（根据原方制成）。用姜汁、红枣做成丸剂，盐汤送服；或者将姜、枣一起研磨服用。
又有六一散，用生姜自然汁澄清下的稠厚部分（糖果店卖的柞姜丝最多），和药丸做成绿豆大小，汤送服。
又有白粱米汁（二合），生姜汁（一合），混合服用。
又有干柿饼烧成灰（一钱），酒送服。
又有米粉调和成剂型，做成梧桐子大小的丸剂，煮熟后，点少许盐，空腹和汁吞服。
又有大附子（一个），用一碗姜汁浸透后煮干，母丁香（十个），共同研为细末，取少许放在手掌中，不时舔服。
又有蚯蚓屎（一两），木香（五钱），共同研为细末，用神曲糊做成丸剂，陈皮、姜汤送服。
The medical classics state: When turbid qi remains in the upper part, distension occurs; when pathogenic qi rebels and moves upward, vomiting and regurgitation result. This condition arises from the deficiency of both Ying (Nutritive) and Wei (Defensive) Qi, insufficiency of Blood and Qi, leading to the retention of water and accumulation of fluids in the Stomach. This causes coldness in the Zang organs and failure of the Spleen to transport and transform normally, resulting in rebellious Qi and forming Fan Wei (Regurgitation/Inverted Stomach). Consequently, food eaten in the morning is vomited in the evening, with a firm mass in the epigastrium as large as a cup; in severe cases, vomiting occurs immediately after eating. The classics also say: "Abundance of grain leads to prosperity, absence of grain leads to demise." Grain becomes difficult to ingest, and death is not far off. Patients who understand this should dismiss all worldly distractions, clear their minds, and rest quietly. They should carefully consider appropriate prescriptions. It is especially advisable to eat dry rice, taken down with aged sauce and ginger. For thirst, sugarcane juice mixed with a small amount of ginger juice can be drunk; drinking donkey urine is considered best. One must strictly avoid soups, raw/cold foods, and hard items. In recent times, physicians have mostly treated this with acrid, aromatic, drying, and hot medicines, occasionally achieving results for patients with Deficient-Cold patterns. If vomiting occurs immediately after eating and belongs to an Excess-Heat pattern, using these medicines works because acrid substances can move Qi and break stagnation. Although temporary relief may occur, this leads to the intensification of Fire in the Five Zang organs and further damage to the Yin of the Spleen and Stomach, causing the disease to worsen. Moreover, if medication and care lead to slight improvement, old habits return, mixed diets are consumed, the condition aggravates, and survival becomes impossible; this is a principle that should be foreseen. If there is Phlegm-Heat and dry constipation, take Gun Tan Wan (Rolling Phlegm Pill) several fen daily (see Formula in Phlegm Section). A tight and wiry pulse indicates Deficient-Cold; floating, tight, slippery, and rapid pulses indicate Heat. A small, weak, slow, and choppy pulse indicates Cold with deficiency of Righteous Qi; treatment should focus on supporting Yuan Qi (Primal Qi), strengthening the Spleen, and harmonizing the Stomach as the root.
Main Prescription: Ban Xia (Prepared Pinellia Rhizome), Hou Po (Magnolia Bark), Zhi Zi (Gardenia Fruit, stir-fried until black), Huang Lian (Coptis Rhizome, processed with ginger), Chen Pi (Tangerine Peel, each 8 fen), Fu Ling (Poria), Cang Zhu (Atractylodes Rhizome, soaked in rice wash water and stir-fried), Zhu Ru (Bamboo Shavings), Zhi Ke (Aurantium Fruit, each 8 fen), Xiang Fu (Cyperus Rhizome), Shen Qu (Medicated Leaven), Ze Xie (Alisma Rhizome), Dang Gui (Angelica Sinensis Root), Bai Dou Kou (Black Cardamom Seed, each 5 fen), Gan Cao (Licorice Root, 2 fen). Add three slices of fresh Ginger, two zhong of water, decoct to eight parts, add Chen Xiang (Agarwood) juice prepared by grinding, and take orally.
He Zhong Jie Geng Tang (Middle-Harmonizing Platycodon Decoction): Treats rebellious Qi-Heat in the Upper Jiao causing immediate vomiting after eating, with a floating and surging pulse.
Prescription: Jie Geng (Platycodon Root, 1.5 liang), Ban Xia Qu (Pinellia Fermented Paste, 2 liang), Chen Pi (Tangerine Peel, white pith removed, 1 liang), Bai Zhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome, 1.5 qian), Zhi Shi (Immature Aurantium Fruit, stir-fried), Bai Fu Ling (White Poria), Hou Po (Magnolia Bark, stir-fried with ginger, 1 liang).
Chop the herbs finely. Take one liang per dose. Decoct to obtain clear liquid, mix with Mu Xiang San (Costus Powder, 2 qian), and take on an empty stomach overnight. After three doses, Qi gradually descends, and vomiting gradually stops. Then remove Mu Xiang powder, and add Shao Yao (Peony Root, 2 liang) and Huang Qin (Scutellaria Root, 1.5 liang) to each prescription dose. Taking this will lead to recovery. If stool is dry and hard, preventing food intake, use Xiao Cheng Qi Tang (Minor Order the Qi Decoction) to gently purge, aiming for mild bowel movement, then replenish with the previous medicine.
Mu Xiang San (Costus Powder): Mu Xiang (Costus Root) and Bing Lang (Areca Seed) in equal proportions, ground into powder. (Xiao Cheng Qi Tang is found in the Shang Han Lun section.)
Fu Ling Ze Xie Tang (Poria and Alisma Decoction): Treats Fan Wei with vomiting and thirst desire to drink water.
Prescription: Ze Xie (Alisma Rhizome, 4 liang), Bai Fu Ling (White Poria, half jin), Gan Cao (Licorice Root), Gui Zhi (Cinnamon Twig, each 2 liang), Bai Zhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome, 3 liang), Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger, 4 liang).
Add ten dou of water, boil to obtain three sheng. Add Ze Xie and boil again to obtain two and a half sheng. Take three he warm, three times daily. Another version includes one sheng of Xiao Mai (Wheat).
Qing Jin Dan (Green Gold Pill): Treats Fan Wei and all types of vomiting due to Cold and Heat where other medicines fail; one dose stops it immediately.
Prescription: Shui Yin (Mercury, 1 liang), Liu Huang (Sulfur, 5 qian).
Grind together until no silver stars are visible. Take one qian per dose, mixed with strong Ginger and Chen Pi decoction. If not stopped, take another dose. Alternatively, make pills the size of mung beans using ginger paste, taken with ginger soup. For Cold patterns, take 2 qian, mixed with ginger juice and wine heated, cover with thick blankets to induce sweating. Children take adjusted doses.
Additionally, use Ban Xia (Pinellia Rhizome, 3 qian), Chen Pi (Tangerine Peel, 2 qian), Fu Ling (Poria), Hou Po (Magnolia Bark), Huo Xiang (Patchouli Herb), Cang Zhu (Atractylodes Rhizome, each 1 qian), and Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger, 7 slices). Pound them, decoct in water, mix with Sha Ren (Amomum Fruit, stir-fried and ground, 1 qian), and take. Separately, take half a cup of ginger juice mixed with one cup of soup, making it hot and spicy. With every mouthful of medicine, follow with a mouthful of ginger soup. After finishing the medicine, frequently drink hot ginger soup. For critical patients, take 2 qian of Ren Shen (Ginseng Root), decocted in water and taken at once. Twice daily, consume porridge cooked with Ren Shen. If diet is still unstable, continue taking medicine.
Gun Tan Wan (Rolling Phlegm Pill): Treats vomiting due to Phlegm-Heat (See Formula in Phlegm Section).
Jing Huang Tang (Perilla and Rhubarb Decoction): Rebellious Qi-Heat causing immediate vomiting after eating (See Formula in Vomiting Section).
Simple Prescriptions: Ping Wei San (Peace the Middle Powder - prepared according to formula). Make pills with ginger juice and red dates, taken with salt water; or grind ginger and dates together and take.
Another method: Use Liu Yi San (Six-to-One Powder), clarified with natural ginger juice to form a thick paste (most available in candy shops as zha ginger strips), mix into pills the size of mung beans, taken with water.
Another method: Mix Bai Liang Mi Zhi (White Millet Juice, 2 he) and Sheng Jiang Zhi (Ginger Juice, 1 he), and take together.
Another method: Burn dried persimmon cakes to ash (1 qian), take with wine.
Another method: Mix rice flour into a dough, form pills the size of paulownia seeds, cook thoroughly, add a little salt, and swallow with juice on an empty stomach.
Another method: Soak one Da Fu Zi (Large Aconite Root) in one bowl of ginger juice until saturated, then boil dry. Grind together with ten Mu Ding Xiang (Mother Clove Bud) into powder. Place a small amount in the palm and lick occasionally.
Another method: Grind Qiu Yin Shi (Earthworm Droppings, 1 liang) and Mu Xiang (Costus Root, 5 qian) into powder. Form pills using Shen Qu (Medicated Leaven) paste, taken with Chen Pi (Tangerine Peel) and ginger soup.