夏至前发为温症，夏至后发为热症。二症有因冬时伏寒，有因当时乍感，其冬月伤寒，至春夏变为温热
者，邪有浅深，则发有迟速。（柯韵伯曰，凡病伤寒而成者，根实种于郁火，其人肾阳有余，好行淫欲，
外伤于寒。虚阳陷入阴中，冬不遽发，寒日少而蓄热浅，则阳火应春气而病温，寒日多而郁热深，则阳火应夏
气而病暑。沈芊绿曰∶春温有不尽由伏寒，由现感春时之邪而病亦名温者，夏热有不尽由伏寒，由现感夏时
之邪而病亦名热者。皆自内达外，无表症。若有表症，必重感外邪。温病以黄芩汤为主方，因春温之发，当少
阳司令也。热病以白虎汤为主方，因夏热之发，当阳明司令也。且热甚于温，必以白虎汤重为整肃，以其时
方炎暑，其症不恶寒，反恶热，自汗而渴，脉洪大。故以石膏之辛寒，清胃腑蕴蓄之热，以知母之苦寒，净
少阳伏邪之源，以甘草、粳米之甘平，保肺胃之气，而热可除也。若舌上苔滑者，尚有表邪，栀子豉汤主之。
若渴欲饮水，口干舌燥者，热在里，必耗津，人参白虎汤主之。如恶热烦渴腹满，舌黄燥，或干黑者，宜下，
凉膈散、承气汤。热兼暑湿者，凉膈散合天水散。小便不利者，竹叶石膏汤。其感夏令之邪，当时即发者，
邪由口鼻吸入，治在手经，不当用足经方。其法与前乍感温症条同参。
夏至之前发病称为温病，夏至之后发病称为热病。这两种病症有的是因为冬季潜伏的寒邪所致，有的是因为当时突然感受外邪所致；那些在冬季患伤寒，到了春夏季转变为温热病的，是因为邪气有浅深之分，所以发病有快慢之别。（柯韵伯说：凡是患伤寒而形成的病症，其根本在于体内蕴藏郁火，这类人肾阳偏盛，喜好房事，又外感寒邪。虚弱的阳气陷入阴分之中，冬季不会立即发作。如果寒冷的日子少而蓄积的热邪浅，则阳气顺应春气而发为温病；如果寒冷的日子多而郁结的热邪深，则阳气顺应夏气而发为暑病。沈芊绿说：春温病并不完全由伏寒引起，如果是当下感受春季的邪气而发病，也称作温病；夏热病也不完全由伏寒引起，如果是当下感受夏季的邪气而发病，也称作热病。这些情况都是病邪从内部达于外部，没有表证。如果有表证，一定是再次感受了外邪。温病以黄芩汤为主方，因为春温病的发生，正值少阳经主令之时。热病以白虎汤为主方，因为夏热病的发生，正值阳明经主令之时。而且热病比温病更严重，必须用白虎汤进行强有力的清解，因为此时正值炎暑季节，患者症状不恶寒，反而恶热，自汗出且口渴，脉象洪大。因此用石膏的辛寒之性，清除胃腑中蕴积的热邪；用知母的苦寒之性，净化少阳经伏留邪气的根源；用甘草、粳米的甘平之性，保护肺胃之气，从而热邪可除。如果舌苔滑润，说明还有表邪，用栀子豉汤主治。如果口渴想喝水，口干舌燥，说明热邪在里，必然耗伤津液，用人参白虎汤主治。如果恶热、烦躁口渴、腹部胀满，舌苔黄燥，或者干燥发黑，适宜用下法，选用凉膈散、承气汤。热病兼夹暑湿的，用凉膈散合天水散。小便不利的，用竹叶石膏汤。如果是感受夏令的邪气，当时就发病的，邪气从口鼻吸入，治疗应针对手经，不应当使用足经的方剂。治疗方法与前文“乍感温病”条目的方法参照参考。）
Onset of disease before the Summer Solstice is termed *Wen Bing* (Warm Disease), while onset after the Summer Solstice is termed *Re Bing* (Heat Disease). These two conditions may arise from cold pathogenic factors latent during winter, or from sudden exposure to external pathogens at the time of onset. Those who contracted *Shang Han* (Cold Damage) in winter and transformed into warm-heat diseases in spring and summer do so because the pathogen varies in depth, resulting in differences in the speed of onset. (Ke Yunbo stated: For all cases where *Shang Han* evolves into a specific condition, the root lies in internal stagnant fire. Such individuals possess abundant Kidney Yang, have a propensity for sexual indulgence, and are externally affected by cold. Deficient Yang sinks into the Yin aspect. In winter, it does not manifest immediately. If the days of cold are few and accumulated heat is shallow, Yang fire responds to Spring Qi and manifests as *Wen* (Warmth); if the days of cold are many and stagnant heat is deep, Yang fire responds to Summer Qi and manifests as *Shu* (Summer Heat). Shen Qianlü stated: *Chun Wen* (Spring Warmth) does not entirely stem from latent cold; if one contracts the pathogenic factors of the current spring season and falls ill, it is also named *Wen*. Similarly, *Xia Re* (Summer Heat) does not entirely stem from latent cold; if one contracts the pathogenic factors of the current summer season and falls ill, it is also named *Re*. In these cases, the pathogen moves from the interior to the exterior, presenting without *Biao Zheng* (Exterior Syndrome). If an exterior syndrome is present, it must be due to a secondary contraction of external pathogens. *Wen Bing* is primarily treated with Huangqin Tang (Scutellaria Decoction), because the onset of *Chun Wen* occurs when the Shaoyang channel governs. *Re Bing* is primarily treated with Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction), because the onset of *Xia Re* occurs when the Yangming channel governs. Furthermore, *Re* is more severe than *Wen*, requiring the robust clearing power of Baihu Tang, as this period coincides with intense summer heat. Symptoms include aversion to cold being absent but aversion to heat being present, spontaneous sweating, thirst, and a洪大 (Hóng Dà - Surging and Large) pulse. Therefore, Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum), with its pungent and cold nature, clears the heat accumulated in the Stomach Fu; Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), with its bitter and cold nature, purifies the source of latent pathogens in the Shaoyang; Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) and Jing Mi (Oryza Sativa), with their sweet and neutral nature, protect the Qi of the Lung and Stomach, thereby eliminating the heat. If the tongue coating is slippery, indicating residual exterior pathogens, Zhizi Chi Tang (Gardeniae and Fermented Soybean Decoction) is indicated. If there is thirst with desire to drink water, dry mouth, and dry tongue, the heat is in the interior and has consumed body fluids; Renshen Baihu Tang (Ginseng White Tiger Decoction) is indicated. If there is aversion to heat, irritability, severe thirst, abdominal fullness, and a yellow, dry, or even black and dry tongue coating, purgation is appropriate; Liangge San (Cooling the Diaphragm Powder) or Chengqi Tang (Descending the Qi Decoction) should be used. For heat combined with summer-dampness, Liangge San is combined with Tianshui San (Heaven and Water Powder). For difficulty in urination, Zhuye Shigao Tang (Bamboo Leaf and Gypsum Decoction) is used. For pathogens contracted in summer that manifest immediately upon infection, the pathogen enters via the mouth and nose, and treatment should target the Hand meridians, not using formulas for the Foot meridians. The method should be referred to the section on "Sudden Onset of Warm Disease" mentioned earlier.)