经曰∶凡疮之痛痒，自属虚实寒热。故痛而实者为热；虚而痒者为寒。然诸疮痛痒，皆
生于心，以心主血而行气，气血凝滞而为痈、疽、疮、疖。阔大一寸以上曰痈疽；一寸以下
为疮疖。诸疮之中，惟背疽疔疮最为急症；其初发也，使身体或先热而后恶寒；或先痒而后
疼痛。若其不痛，最为恶症。且如背疽始生如粟黍粒大，才有觉时，便用艾于痛处灸之。痛
则灸至痒，痒则灸至痛，使毒瓦斯随火而散（凡毒初起皆可灸，惟头顶以上属阳明，断不宜灸）。
若失之于初，疮势已成，又当审其虚实寒热。热实则清之；虚寒则温之。得毒消脓溃，方为
可治之症。
痈疽背毒歌诀
真人妙诀世间稀，一切痈疽皆可医；
化血就如汤泼雪，消脓立效肉生肌；
任他发背 疮毒，那看疔疮瘰 儿；
假饶疥癞并风癣，乳香五背尽消除。
甘草节 金银花（在四肢加倍） 防风 没药 赤芍 白芷（在腹膜加倍） 陈皮各
三钱 当归一钱五分 乳香 沉香 贝母各一钱 木香八分 角刺五钱（锉碎，定粉八钱，
同炒黄去粉） 甲片五钱（蛤粉炒黄，去粉）
上乳香、没药、甲片另研，其余分作四贴。每水二钟煎七分，加好酒半钟冲服。前末俱
调于药内同服。上部饱服，下部空心服。（古方）
痈疽发背（凡中热毒，眼花头晕，口干背热，四肢麻木，有红晕在背后者）
槐花子一大把，铁锅炒褐色，好酒一盏服之，乘热饮，一汗而愈。如未退再服，极效。
彭辛庵用此方三十年，无不见效。（保寿堂方）
背毒未成者
用活蟾一个，系放疮上，半日必昏愦（置水中救其命），再易一个，必踉跄；再易其蟾
如旧，则毒散矣。累试极效，勿轻视。（《医林集效》）
凡患痈疽疮毒者
用土中大虾蟆一个，剥全身癞皮盖贴疮口，于蟆皮上用针将皮刺数孔，以出毒瓦斯，自觉
安静；且能爬住疮口，不令长大；又可免蜈蚣闻气来侵。神效神妙。（《灵秘丹药》）
痈疽初起
干姜一两，泡炒紫色，研末醋调敷四围，留头，愈。（申一斋方）
凡毒初起及经十日以上肿热疼痛，用鸡子一枚，新狗粪如蛋大，搅匀，微火熬令稀。调
得所，捻作饼子于肿头上贴之，以帛包抹，时时看视，觉饼热即易，勿令轻动及歇气，经一
宿定。如日多者，三日贴之，一日一易至瘥乃已。一切诸方皆不及也。（抄本）
护心散（凡痈疽三日内，宜连进十服方免变症，使毒瓦斯外出。稍迟内攻，渐生呕
吐，或鼻生
真绿豆粉一两乳香五钱
灯心灰同研，和以生甘草浓煎，调下一钱，时时呷之。若毒瓦斯冲心，有呕吐之症，大宜
服此。盖绿豆厌热，下气、消肿、解毒；乳香消诸痈肿毒，服至一两则香彻疮孔中，真圣药
也。（李嗣立外科方）
忍冬济急酒
金银花藤五两，木槌捶碎，勿犯铁器，生甘草节一两，水二碗煎半，又入陈酒一大碗，
再煎数十沸，去渣分作三服，一昼夜吃完。外即用金银花叶入砂盆内研烂，加酒少许打稀烂，
调
铁箍散（一切肿毒初起，围之即消；已成围之，毒瓦斯不至攻走；无脓围之有脓；
未溃即溃；
九月九日取芙蓉叶阴干五钱 姜黄 白蔹 白芨 五倍子各五钱 大黄一两 蟹壳五个
陈
研末，醋调围。（医方解）
诸毒
凡患发背、对口一切无名肿毒及久近 疮，先看所患肿处，用生面水调作圈，根据肿处大
小围之，圈高寸余，实贴皮上，勿令渗泄，圈外密施布巾数重，防火气侵余地，患者安身勿
动，圈内铺极好黄蜡片屑，上以炭火灸至黄蜡溶化，毒浅者，皮上觉热痛不受灸便止；毒深
者，全不觉热痛，再下蜡随化随添，至圈满仍前热火灸至蜡沸，初觉痒，后觉痛，久之不可
忍，乃去火。以少水微浇滚蜡上，俟冷揭去蜡，近皮者俱带青黑色，此毒随蜡拔去。浅者一、
二
秘方集验》）
肿毒（及指上痈肿，神效）
独郎大蒜一颗，百合数叶，腊糟敷上。（《卫生备要》）
身上诸毒（ 串久不收口者亦效）
独郎大蒜一枚，加雄黄不拘多少，共捣成饼贴之，将艾放饼上灸一壮，即愈。（《秘方纂
要
定疼散
山药一两 白糖霜 大黄各四钱
打烂敷上即止疼。或搭手发背破烂者，只用糖霜、山药打烂塞入毒内，不臭，烂肉去新
肉自生，初时日换二次，三日后一日换一次。煎甘草汤或猪蹄汤洗，用软鹅毛数根扎之，洗
去再敷，待肉长满方止。（《单方全集》）
透脓散（治诸疮毒，贴骨痈疽不破者。不用刀针，一服即穿透）
愿茧蛾一个烧灰，酒调服，即透。切不可服二个。若服二，则有二口，慎之！此方神效。
（《外科发挥》）
腮毒
大黄末、姜汁和匀，周遭搽转，只露一头，不日愈。
搭手
全蝎、核桃共研细，酒冲服。一二次即消。（《单方集验》）
干发背
生甘草 炙甘草各五钱 角刺二钱半（土炒） 土贝五钱 半夏钱半 甲片二钱半（炒
黑） 知母二钱五分
加姜、葱、水，酒煎，二剂即愈。（吕晚 方）
《黄帝内经》说：凡是疮疡的疼痛或瘙痒，都归属于虚、实、寒、热四种证候。因此，疼痛而属实证的属于热证；虚弱而发痒的属于寒证。然而，各种疮疡的痛痒，根源都在心脏，因为心主司血液并运行气机，气血凝滞就会形成痈、疽、疮、疖。范围在一寸以上的称为痈疽；一寸以下的称为疮疖。在各种疮疡中，只有背疽和疔疮最为急重。它们初起时，身体可能先发热而后恶寒，或者先瘙痒而后疼痛。如果不疼痛，则是最为凶险的症候。比如背疽刚开始生长时像粟米或黍粒大小，刚有感觉时，就应用艾绒在患处施灸。如果感到疼痛，就灸到不痛；如果感到瘙痒，就灸到疼痛，使毒气随着火气消散（凡毒邪初起都可以施灸，只有头顶以上属于阳明经，绝对不宜施灸）。如果在初期延误治疗，疮势已经形成，又应当审查其虚实寒热的性质。热实证则用清热法；虚寒证则用温补法。等到毒邪消退、脓液溃排，这才算是可治之症。
痈疽背毒歌诀
真人奇妙的秘诀世间罕见，一切痈疽都可以医治；
化解瘀血就像热水泼雪，消除脓液立竿见影肌肉再生；
任凭它发背疮毒如何严重，哪管疔疮瘰疬多么顽固；
即使是疥癣和风癣顽疾，乳香五背汤都能将其消除。
甘草节、金银花（长在四肢的加倍用量）、防风、没药、赤芍、白芷（长在腹膜部位的加倍用量）、陈皮各三钱，当归一钱五分，乳香、沉香、贝母各一钱，木香八分，角刺五钱（锉碎，与定粉八钱同炒至黄后去掉粉），穿山甲片五钱（用蛤粉炒黄后去掉粉）。
将乳香、没药、穿山甲片另外研磨成细末，其余药材分成四剂。每剂用水两碗煎煮至七分，加入好酒半碗冲服。前面的药末全部调入药液中一同服用。上部病变饱食后服用，下部病变空腹服用。（古方）
痈疽发背（凡是体内中热毒，眼花头晕，口干背热，四肢麻木，背后有红晕者适用此方）
槐花子一大把，在铁锅中炒至褐色，用好酒一盏送服，趁热饮用，出一身汗即可痊愈。如果症状未退再服一次，效果极佳。彭辛庵使用此方三十年，无不见效。（保寿堂方）
背毒尚未化脓者
用一只活蟾蜍，绑缚贴在疮口上，半天后蟾蜍必定昏迷（需放入水中救活其性命），再换一只，蟾蜍必定步履蹒跚；再次更换蟾蜍如前法操作，则毒气散尽。多次试验极有效验，切勿轻视。（《医林集效》）
凡是患有痈疽疮毒的人
用土中的大癞蛤蟆一只，剥下全身癞皮覆盖贴敷在疮口上，用针在蛤蟆皮上刺几个孔，以排出毒气，自觉安静；且蛤蟆皮能吸附住疮口，不让疮毒扩大；又可避免蜈蚣闻到气味来侵袭。神效奇妙。（《灵秘丹药》）
痈疽初起
干姜一两，泡炒至紫色，研成粉末，用醋调匀敷在四周，留出中间疮头，即可痊愈。（申一斋方）
凡是毒邪初起及经过十日以上肿胀发热疼痛的，用鸡蛋一枚，新狗粪如蛋大，搅匀，用微火熬至稀薄。调制得当，捏成饼状贴在肿处顶部，用布包裹抹平，时时查看，觉得饼变热即更换，不要轻动及中断气息，经过一夜定能见效。如果病程较长，三天贴一次，一天换一次直到痊愈为止。一切其他方剂都不如这个。（抄本）
护心散（凡是痈疽三日内，宜连续服用十剂以免发生变症，使毒气外泄。稍迟则毒气内攻，逐渐产生呕吐，或鼻部生出……真绿豆粉一两、乳香五钱）
灯心灰同研，配合生甘草浓煎，调服一钱，时时呷饮。如果毒气冲击心脏，有呕吐症状，非常适宜服用此方。因为绿豆厌恶热毒，具有下气、消肿、解毒的功效；乳香能消除各种痈肿毒，服用至一两则香气通达疮孔之中，真是圣药啊。（李嗣立外科方）
忍冬济急酒
金银花藤五两，用木槌捶碎，不要接触铁器，生甘草节一两，水两碗煎至一半，再加入陈年酒一大碗，再煮沸数十次，去渣分为三次服用，一昼夜吃完。外用即用金银花叶放入砂盆内研烂，加少许酒打稀烂，调……
铁箍散（一切肿毒初起，围敷即消；已成形的围敷，毒气不至扩散；无脓的围敷出脓；未溃破的促其溃破……九月九日采集芙蓉叶阴干五钱，姜黄、白蔹、白芨、五倍子各五钱，大黄一两，蟹壳五个，陈……研成粉末，醋调围敷。（医方解）
诸毒
凡是患发背、对口疮一切无名肿毒及久近不愈的疮，先看所患肿胀处，用生面粉和水调作圆圈，根据肿胀处大小围起来，圈高一寸多，紧贴皮肤，不要让液体渗出，圈外严密铺设数层布巾，防止火气侵入剩余部位，患者安身勿动，圈内铺极好的黄蜡片屑，上面用炭火灸至黄蜡熔化，毒浅的，皮肤上觉得热痛受不了就停止；毒深的，完全不觉热痛，再加蜡随化随添，至圈满仍前热火灸至蜡沸腾，起初觉得痒，后来觉得痛，久了不可忍受，才撤去火源。用少量水微微浇在滚蜡上，等冷却揭去蜡，靠近皮肤的都带有青黑色，这是毒气随蜡拔除。浅的一、二……秘方集验》）
肿毒（包括手指上的痈肿，神效）
独蒜大蒜一颗，百合数叶，腊糟敷在上面。（《卫生备要》）
身上诸毒（串走久不收口的也有效）
独蒜大蒜一枚，加雄黄不拘多少，共同捣成饼贴敷，将艾放在饼上灸一壮，即愈。（《秘方纂要》）
定疼散
山药一两，白糖霜、大黄各四钱
打烂敷上即刻止痛。或者是搭手发背破烂的，只用糖霜、山药打烂塞入毒内，不发臭，腐肉去除新肉自然生长，初时日换两次，三日后一日换一次。煎甘草汤或猪蹄汤清洗，用软鹅毛几根扎着洗去再敷，待肉长满才停止。（《单方全集》）
透脓散（治疗各种疮毒，贴骨痈疽不破溃的。不用刀针，一服即穿透）
愿茧蛾一个烧成灰，酒调服，即透。切不可服用两个。如果服用两个，则会有两个出口，务必谨慎！此方神效。（《外科发挥》）
搭手
全蝎、核桃共同研细，酒冲服。一二次即消。（《单方集验》）
干发背
生甘草、炙甘草各五钱，角刺二钱半（土炒），土贝五钱，半夏钱半，穿山甲片二钱半（炒黑），知母二钱五分
加姜、葱、水，酒煎，两剂即愈。（吕晚……方）
The *Huangdi Neijing* (Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon) states: Regarding the pain or itching of any sore, it belongs to the patterns of deficiency, excess, cold, and heat. Therefore, pain associated with excess indicates heat; weakness accompanied by itching indicates cold. However, the pain and itching of all sores originate from the Heart, as the Heart governs blood and circulates Qi. Stagnation of Qi and Blood leads to the formation of carbuncles (*yong*), gangrene (*ju*), ulcers (*chuang*), and boils (*jie*). Those spanning more than one cun are called carbuncles or gangrene; those less than one cun are called ulcers or boils. Among all sores, back carbuncles (*bei ju*) and hard sores (*ding chuang*) are the most critical. In their initial stage, the body may first experience fever followed by aversion to cold, or first experience itching followed by pain. If there is no pain, it is a particularly ominous sign. For instance, when a back carbuncle first appears, it is the size of a millet grain. As soon as sensation is felt, moxibustion should be applied at the painful site. If it hurts, moxa until it stops hurting; if it itches, moxa until it hurts, allowing the toxic factors to dissipate with the fire (Moxibustion can be used for all initial toxins, except on the top of the head which belongs to the Yangming channel and strictly prohibits moxibustion). If treatment is delayed in the initial stage and the sore has already formed, one must examine its deficiency/excess and cold/heat nature. Heat-excess patterns require clearing heat; deficiency-cold patterns require warming. Once the toxin subsides and pus discharges, the condition becomes treatable.
Song for Carbuncles and Back Toxins
The true person's miraculous secret is rare in the world, curing all carbuncles and gangrene;
Dissolving blood is like pouring hot water on snow, eliminating pus with immediate effect and regenerating flesh;
Regardless of how severe the back carbuncle or sore toxin is, nor how stubborn the hard sore or scrofula;
Even if it is scabies, leprosy, or wind tinea, the Ru Xiang Wu Bei Tang can eliminate them all.
Gan Cao Jie (Licorice Root Tip), Jin Yin Hua (Honeysuckle Flower) (double dose if located on limbs), Fang Feng (Saposhnikovia Root), Mo Yao (Myrrh), Chi Shao (Red Peony Root), Bai Zhi (Angelica Dahurica Root) (double dose if located on abdominal membrane), Chen Pi (Tangerine Peel), each 3 qian; Dang Gui (Chinese Angelica Root) 1.5 qian; Ru Xiang (Frankincense), Chen Xiang (Aquilaria Wood), Bei Mu (Fritillaria Bulb), each 1 qian; Mu Xiang (Aucklandia Root) 0.8 qian; Jiao Ci (Porcupine Spine) 5 qian (crushed, stir-fried with 8 qian of Ding Fen [calcined oyster shell powder] until yellow, then remove powder); Jia Pian (Pangolin Scales) 5 qian (stir-fried with Ge Fen [gecko powder] until yellow, then remove powder).
Grind Ru Xiang, Mo Yao, and Jia Pian separately into fine powder. Divide the remaining herbs into four doses. For each dose, decoct with two bowls of water until reduced to 0.7 bowl, add half a bowl of good wine, and take orally. Mix all the previously prepared powders into the decoction and take together. Take after meals for upper body lesions, and on an empty stomach for lower body lesions. (Ancient Formula)
Carbuncles and Back Toxin (Applicable for internal heat-toxin causing blurred vision, dizziness, dry mouth, hot back, numbness in limbs, and red halo on the back)
Take a large handful of Huai Hua Zi (Sophora Flower), stir-fry in an iron wok until brownish, take with one cup of good wine. Drink while hot; sweating once will lead to recovery. If symptoms persist, take again; extremely effective. Peng Xin'an used this formula for thirty years without failure. (Baoshou Tang Formula)
Back Toxin Not Yet Suppurated
Use one live toad, tie it onto the sore. After half a day, the toad will become unconscious (save its life by placing it in water). Replace with another; the toad will stagger. Replace again as before; the toxin will dissipate. Tested repeatedly with extreme efficacy, do not underestimate. (*Yi Lin Ji Xiao*)
For anyone suffering from carbuncles, gangrene, or sore toxins
Use one large toad from the earth, peel off its entire warty skin, and apply it over the sore opening. Pierce several holes in the toad skin with a needle to allow toxic factors to exit; the patient will feel calm. The skin adheres to the sore, preventing expansion; it also prevents centipedes from being attracted by the odor. Miraculously effective. (*Ling Mi Dan Yao*)
Initial Stage of Carbuncles and Gangrene
Take Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger) 1 liang, soak and stir-fry until purple, grind into powder, mix with vinegar, and apply around the periphery, leaving the center open. It will heal. (Shen Yizhai Formula)
For initial toxins or swelling, heat, and pain lasting more than ten days
Take one egg and fresh dog feces equal to the size of an egg, mix well, and simmer over low heat until thin. Form into a cake and apply to the top of the swelling. Wrap with cloth, check frequently, replace when the cake feels hot. Do not disturb or interrupt. One night's application is definitive. For prolonged cases, apply every three days, changing once daily until healed. No other formulas compare. (Manuscript Copy)
Hu Xin San (Heart-Protecting Powder) (For carbuncles and gangrene within three days, take ten doses consecutively to prevent complications and expel toxins outward. Delayed treatment allows toxins to attack inward, causing vomiting or nasal issues... True Mung Bean Flour 1 liang, Frankincense 5 qian)
Grind Deng Xin Hui (Juncus Ash) together, mix with strong decoction of Sheng Gan Cao (Raw Licorice Root), take 1 qian mixed in, sipping frequently. If toxin attacks the heart causing vomiting, this is highly suitable. Mung bean dislikes heat, promotes downward movement, reduces swelling, and detoxifies; Frankincense eliminates various carbuncles and toxins. Taking up to 1 liang allows fragrance to penetrate the sore pores; truly a holy medicine. (Li Silili Surgical Formula)
Ren Dong Ji Ji Jiu (Honeysuckle Emergency Wine)
Take Jin Yin Hua Teng (Honeysuckle Stem) 5 liang, crush with wooden mallet, avoid iron tools. Add Sheng Gan Cao Jie (Raw Licorice Root Tip) 1 liang, decoct with two bowls of water until half remains. Add one large bowl of aged wine, boil dozens of times, strain, and divide into three doses, finishing within twenty-four hours. Externally, grind Jin Yin Hua Ye (Honeysuckle Leaf) in a mortar until paste-like, add a little wine to dilute, mix...
Tie Gu San (Iron Hoop Powder) (For all initial swellings and toxins, applying around causes resolution; for formed ones, prevents spread; induces pus in non-suppurating ones; promotes rupture in unruptured ones... Collect Fu Rong Ye (Hibiscus Leaf) on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month, shade-dry 5 qian; Jiang Huang (Turmeric), Bai Lian (Bletilla Rhizome), Bai Ji (Bletia Rhizome), Wu Bei Zi (Galla Chinensis), each 5 qian; Da Huang (Rhubarb Root) 1 liang; Crab Shell 5 pieces; Chen... Grind into powder, mix with vinegar for external application. (*Yi Fang Jie*)
Various Toxins
For back carbuncles, neck carbuncles, and all unnamed swellings or chronic non-healing sores, first observe the swollen area. Make a circle using raw flour and water, surrounding the swelling according to its size. The wall should be over one cun high, tightly adhering to the skin, preventing leakage. Place multiple layers of cloth outside the circle to prevent fire qi from invading unaffected areas. The patient must remain still. Fill the circle with high-quality beeswax flakes. Apply charcoal fire to melt the wax. For shallow toxins, stop when the skin feels hot and painful; for deep toxins, where no heat/pain is felt, continue adding wax as it melts. When the circle is full, continue intense heating until the wax boils. Initially, it itches, then hurts, becoming unbearable; then remove the fire. Pour a little water on the boiling wax, wait for it to cool, and peel off. The skin near the surface turns dark green/black, indicating the toxin was extracted with the wax. Shallow cases take one or two... (*Mi Fang Ji Yan*)
Swelling and Toxin (Including finger abscesses, miraculously effective)
One clove of Du Lang (Single Garlic), several leaves of Bai He (Lily Bulb), and La Zao (Cured Distiller's Grains) applied on top. (*Wei Sheng Bei Yao*)
Various Toxins on the Body (Also effective for spreading sores that fail to close)
One clove of Du Lang (Single Garlic), plus Xiong Huang (Realgar) as needed, pounded into a cake and applied. Place moxa on the cake and burn one moxa cone. It heals immediately. (*Mi Fang Zuan Yao*)
Ding Teng San (Pain-Stopping Powder)
Shan Yao (Chinese Yam) 1 liang, Bai Tang Shuang (White Sugar Frost), Da Huang (Rhubarb Root), each 4 qian.
Pound until smooth and apply to stop pain immediately. For Da Shou Fa Bei (back carbuncles extending to hands) that are ulcerated, use only sugar frost and yam, pounded and stuffed into the wound. It prevents odor, removes necrotic tissue, and promotes new flesh growth. Change twice daily initially, once daily after three days. Wash with Gan Cao Tang (Licorice Decoction) or Zhu Ti Tang (Pig Trotter Broth), use soft goose feathers to clean, then reapply. Stop when flesh is fully grown. (*Dan Fang Quan Ji*)
Tou Nong San (Pus-Penetrating Powder) (Treats various sores and subcutaneous carbuncles/gangrene that have not ruptured. Without knives or needles, one dose penetrates.)
Burn Yuan Jian E (Silkworm Cocoon Moth) to ash, mix with wine and take. It penetrates immediately. Do not take two doses. Taking two causes two openings; be cautious! This formula is miraculously effective. (*Wai Ke Fa Hui*)
Cheek Swelling
Mix Da Huang Mo (Rhubarb Powder) with Jiang Zhi (Ginger Juice), apply around the perimeter, leaving one side exposed. It heals in a few days.
Da Shou (Hand-Reaching Carbuncle)
Quan Xie (Scorpion), He Tao (Walnut), ground finely, taken with wine. Resolves in one or two doses. (*Dan Fang Ji Yan*)
Dry Back Carbuncle
Sheng Gan Cao (Raw Licorice Root), Zhi Gan Cao (Honey-Fried Licorice Root), each 5 qian; Jiao Ci (Porcupine Spine) 2.5 qian (soil-stir-fried); Tu Bei (Wild Fritillaria) 5 qian; Ban Xia (Pinellia Tuber) 1.5 qian; Jia Pian (Pangolin Scales) 2.5 qian (charred); Zhi Mu (Anemarrhena Rhizome) 2.5 qian.
Add ginger, scallion, water, and decoct with wine. Two doses lead to recovery. (Lv Wan... Formula)