天地之气万物之祖也是故气化则物生气变则物易气盛则物壮气弱则物衰气正则物和气乱
则物
病气绝则物死是故先天而天弗违后天而奉天时在乎善养之而无暴云耳内经云百病皆生于气良
有以哉
俗儒谓形实气虚虚如何载得实殊不知形小气大形亦是气之所凝结者也气虽运乎形之外而
实未
尝不行乎形之中若非气之至健则形虽实岂能以自立哉气在天地则该乎万物而言在人身则该乎
一体而论夫人之一身所以能运动奔走者莫非气之所载及其此气一绝则形即仆矣是气之健非形
之健也虚能载实此之谓也(理学类编)
诸气成疾有若同门失欢惟和而已若用峻剂下之则元气受伤变症百出矣余尝治周时中内伤
七情
腹中有块坚牢如杯或上或下小腹绞痛气奔息急七日不食别无他症此名奔气古人虽有奔气汤与
脉不对只宜加减七气汤大剂与服至夜半稍定明旦又进一服气平如故若不论其虚实概以耗气破
坚之剂投之则元气愈伤而气喘愈急矣所谓差之毫厘失以千里也
猫生子胎衣阴干 存性酒调服之治膈噎病极有效尝闻猫生下子后即食胎衣若欲取之必候
其生时急令人取可得若稍迟则落其口矣(菽园杂记)
吾乡沈方伯良臣患痰嗽昼夜不能安寝屡易医或曰风曰火曰热曰气曰湿汤药杂投形羸食减
几至
危殆其子恳求治于张致和张脉之乃曰脉沉而濡湿痰生寒复用寒凉脾家所苦宜用理中汤加附子
其夜遂得贴枕徐进调理之剂果安或曰痰症用附子何也殊不知痰多者戴原礼常用附子疗治之出
症治要诀
天地之气是万物的本源，因此气发生化育则万物生长，气发生变化则万物更替，气旺盛则万物强壮，气虚弱则万物衰败，气纯正则万物和谐，气紊乱则万物生病，气断绝则万物死亡。所以，先于天象而行动，天不会违背；后于天象而行动，则顺应天时，关键在于善于调养而不使其暴烈罢了。《内经》说：“百病皆生于气”，确实是有道理的。
世俗的儒生认为形体充实而气虚，气怎么能承载得住充实的形体呢？他们不知道形体小但气大，形体也是由气凝结而成的。气虽然运行在形体之外，但实际上从未不在形体之中运行。如果不是气的刚健有力，形体即使坚实，又怎能独立存在呢？气在天地间，就涵盖万物而言；在人身中，就涵盖全身而论。人的身体之所以能运动奔走，无不是依靠气的承载。等到这气一断绝，形体就会仆倒。这是气的刚健，而不是形体的刚健。所谓“虚能载实”，说的就是这个道理。（出自《理学类编》）
各种气机失调导致的疾病，就像同门师兄弟失和一样，只有调和才能解决。如果使用猛烈的泻下剂，就会损伤元气，导致各种变症出现。我曾经治疗周时中，因内伤七情，腹中有肿块，坚硬如杯，或上或下，小腹绞痛，气急喘息，七天不进食，没有其他症状。这名叫“奔气”。古人虽然有“奔气汤”，但与脉象不符，只适宜用加减七气汤，大剂量服用。到半夜稍微安定，第二天早晨再进一服，气平复如常。如果不分辨虚实，一概使用耗气破坚的药物投治，就会使元气更加受伤，气喘更加急促。这就是所谓的“差之毫厘，失之千里”。
猫生下小猫后的胎盘，阴干保存药性，用酒调服，治疗膈噎病（食道阻塞类疾病）非常有效。曾听说猫生下小猫后立即吃掉胎盘，如果想取用，必须等它生产时急忙让人取走，可以得到；如果稍晚，就被猫吃掉了。（出自《菽园杂记》）
我同乡的沈方伯良臣患有痰嗽，昼夜不能安睡，多次更换医生，有的说是风邪，有的说是火邪，有的说是热邪，有的说是气滞，有的说是湿邪，汤药杂乱投放，导致身体消瘦、食欲减退，几乎危及生命。他的儿子恳求张致和诊治。张致和诊察其脉象后说：“脉沉而濡软，是湿痰生寒，再用寒凉药物会伤害脾脏。”适宜用理中汤加附子。当天夜里就能贴枕休息，随后慢慢调理，果然痊愈。有人问：“痰证为什么用附子？”殊不知痰多的患者，戴原礼常用附子治疗，出自《症治要诀》。
The Qi of Heaven and Earth is the ancestor of all things. Therefore, when Qi transforms, things grow; when Qi changes, things alter; when Qi is abundant, things are strong; when Qi is weak, things decline; when Qi is upright, things are harmonious; when Qi is chaotic, things become diseased; and when Qi is severed, things die. Thus, acting prior to Heaven's timing does not cause Heaven to disobey, and acting after Heaven's timing involves following Heaven's seasons; the key lies in nurturing it well without allowing it to become violent. The *Neijing* states that "all diseases arise from Qi," which is indeed true.
Secular scholars argue that if the form is solid and Qi is deficient, how can Qi support a solid form? They do not realize that although the form may be small, Qi is vast, and the form itself is condensed Qi. Although Qi moves outside the form, it never fails to move within the form. If Qi were not supremely vigorous, even a solid form could not stand independently. When discussing Qi in Heaven and Earth, it encompasses all things; when discussing Qi in the human body, it encompasses the whole person. The reason the human body can move and run is nothing other than being carried by Qi. Once this Qi is severed, the form will collapse. This is the vigor of Qi, not the vigor of the form. This is what is meant by "the empty (Qi) can carry the solid (form)." (From *Lixue Leibian*)
Diseases caused by various Qi disorders are like discord among fellow students; only harmony can resolve them. If harsh purgatives are used, the Yuan Qi (Original Qi) will be injured, and myriad complications will arise. I once treated Zhou Shizhong, who suffered from internal injury due to the Seven Emotions. He had a mass in his abdomen, hard as a cup, moving up and down, causing severe lower abdominal pain, rushing Qi, and rapid breathing. He had not eaten for seven days, with no other symptoms. This is called "Rushing Qi" (Ben Qi). Although ancients had a formula named "Ben Qi Tang," it did not match the pulse. It was appropriate to use Modified Qi Heptuple Decoction (Jiajian Qiqi Tang) in large doses. By midnight, he stabilized slightly; the next morning, another dose was administered, and his Qi calmed down as usual. If one does not distinguish between deficiency and excess, and indiscriminately uses agents that consume Qi and break hardness, the Yuan Qi will be further damaged, and the panting will become more urgent. This is what is meant by "a miss is as good as a mile."
The placenta of a cat after giving birth, dried in the shade while preserving its medicinal nature, taken with wine, is extremely effective in treating Ge Ye disease (dysphagia/esophageal obstruction). It has been heard that cats eat their placentas immediately after birth. If one wishes to obtain it, one must have someone take it quickly during delivery; otherwise, if delayed, the cat will have already eaten it. (From *Shuyuan Zaji*)
My fellow townsman Shen Fangbo Liangchen suffered from Phlegm Cough, unable to sleep day or night. Physicians changed frequently; some attributed it to Wind, others to Fire, Heat, Qi stagnation, or Dampness. Various decoctions were mixed and administered, leading to emaciation and loss of appetite, nearly reaching a critical state. His son pleaded for treatment from Zhang Zhihe. Zhang examined the pulse and said, "The pulse is deep and soggy, indicating Cold generated by Damp-Phlegm. Using cold-natured medicines would harm the Spleen. It is appropriate to use Lizhong Decoction (Regulate the Middle Decoction) with added Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root)." That night, he was able to rest on his pillow, and subsequent gradual conditioning led to recovery. Some asked, "Why use Fuzi for Phlegm conditions?" In fact, Dai Yuanli often used Fuzi to treat patients with excessive Phlegm, as recorded in *Zhengzhi Yaojue* (Essentials of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment).