戴原礼治松江诸仲文，盛夏畏寒，常御重纩，饮食必令极热始下咽，微温即吐。他医投以胡椒煮伏雌之法，
日啖鸡者三，病更剧。戴曰∶脉数而大且不弱。刘守真云，火极似水，此之谓也。椒发三阴之火，鸡能助痰，
只益其病耳。乃以大承气汤下之，昼夜行二十余度。顿减纩之半。后以黄连导痰汤加竹沥饮之，竟瘳。（《两浙
名贤录》）
李士材治吴文邃，眩晕三载，虽战栗恶寒，而不喜饮热汤，五月向火，数外家拥帷帐，屡服姜、桂不效。脉
浮之细小，沉之坚搏，是郁火内伏，不得宣越也。用金花汤加柴胡、甘草、生姜，乘热饮之，移时而恶寒减。
再剂而撤火炉，逾月而起。更以人参汤进六味丸，两月安全。
张路玉治谢某，七月间病疟，因服芩、知、石膏辈，稍间数日，后因小便精大泄，遂脑痛如破，恶寒振振
欲擗地。医用八味、六君子，三倍参、附而寒不除。继用大建中，每服人参三钱，熟附二钱，其寒益甚。至正
月诊之，脉仅三至，弦小而两寸俱伏，但举指忽觉流利，其症虽身袭重裘，大畏隙风如箭，而不喜近火，或时
重时轻，口鼻气息全冷，胸中时觉上冲，小腹坚满，块垒如石，大便坚硬，欲了不了，小便短数，时白时黄，
阳道虽痿，而缓纵不收，气色憔悴，而不晦暗。此症本属阳虚，因用参、附过多，壮火不能化阴，遂郁伏土中，
反致真阴耗竭，论证不清。法当升发其阳，先与火郁汤六服，继进升阳散火、补中益气，肢体微汗，口鼻气温，
脉复五至。后服六味丸、生脉散、异功散，调理全康。
张子和治一妇，身冷脉微，喜食沸热粥饮，六月重衣，以狐帽蒙其首犹觉寒，泄注不止，常服姜、附、硫
黄燥热之剂，仅得平和，稍用寒凉，其病转增，三年不愈。诊其两手脉，皆如 绳有力，一息六七至。脉诀曰∶
六数七极热生多。乃以凉布搭心，次以新汲水淋其病处，妇乃叫杀人。不由病者，令人持之，复以冷水淋至三
四十桶，大战汗出，昏困一二日，而向之所恶皆除。此法华元化已曾用，惜无知者。
周贞，字子固，玉田隐者，治卫立体得寒病，虽盛夏必袭重裘，拥火坐密室中。他医投以乌、附，转剧。
曰∶此热极似寒，非真寒也。用硝、黄大寒之剂而愈。（《医说续编》。）
抱一翁治一人，泄泻恶寒，见风辄仆，日卧密室，坐火蒙毡，出语伊芳伊芳，如婴儿气象，似沉寒痼冷，屡进
姜、附益甚。诊之，脉濡弱而微数。濡者湿也，数者脾伏火也。乃脾伏火邪，湿热下流，非寒也。法当升阳散
火，以逐其湿热。治以柴胡、升麻、羌活、泽泻等剂。继以神芎丸，（滑石、大黄、牵牛、连、芎、薄。）四五
剂而毡去，次日遂安。
薛立斋治一人，虽盛暑喜拥火，四肢常欲沸汤浸之，喜食辛辣热汤，面赤吐痰，一似实火，吐甚，则宿食
亦出。曰∶食入反出，是脾胃虚寒也。用四君子汤、姜、附而愈。
一士人患恶寒，右尺独滑。尺滑者，湿热下陷也。恶寒者，因积劳伤脾，胃气下陷，谷气不得升发，无阳
以护荣卫也。用补中益气汤加肉桂，二剂而愈。（此殆阳陷入阴之证，非湿热也。）
龚子才治一妇人，六月恶寒之极，虽穿棉袄，亦不觉热，此火极似水也。六脉洪数，小水赤少，以皮硝五
钱，温水化服而愈。
薛立斋治一妇人，内热作渴，大便秘结，畏恶风寒，手足逆冷，此内真热而外假寒。先用黄连解毒汤，后
用六味地黄丸而愈。
朱丹溪治晋胡君锡，年三十一，形肥大，面色苍浓，其家富足，专嗜口味。两年前得消渴病，医与寒凉药
得安。有人教以病后须用滋补，令其专用黄雌鸡，因此食至千余只，渐有膈满呕吐之病。医者意为胃寒，遂与
以附子、沉香之药百余帖，呕病除。（此谓劫之而愈，反致病重。世不知此，以为治验。古今受其害者，可
胜数哉？）月余，天气大热，忽恶风冷，足亦怕地气，遂堆糠尺许浓，上铺以簟，糊以重纸，方敢坐卧，而两手
不能执笔，口鼻皆无气以呼吸，欲言无力，行十余步便困倦，脉皆浮大而虚，仅得四至。此内有湿痰，因服
燥热药，遂成气耗血散。当此夏令，自合便死。因其色之苍浓，神气尚全，可以安谷。遂以人参、黄 、白术
熬膏，煎淡五味子汤，以竹沥调饮之。三日，诸病皆愈，令其顿绝肉味。二月后，康健如旧，又以鸡汤下饭。
一月后，胸腹膨满甚，自煎二陈汤加附子、豆蔻饮之顿安。问调理药，教以勿药，并断肉饮，自愈。
戴原礼治疗松江人诸仲文，盛夏时节却畏寒怕冷，常常穿着厚重的丝绵衣物，饮食必须极其滚烫才能咽下，稍微温热就会呕吐。其他医生采用胡椒煮雌鸡的方法，每天吃三只鸡，结果病情更加严重。戴原礼说：“脉象数而大且不弱。”刘守真曾说：“火极似水”，说的就是这种情况。胡椒会引发三阴经的火邪，鸡肉能助长痰湿，只会增加病人的痛苦罢了。于是用大承气汤攻下，昼夜排便二十多次。厚棉衣的用量顿时减少了一半。后来用黄连导痰汤加竹沥水给病人服用，最终痊愈。（出自《两浙名贤录》）
李士材治疗吴文邃，眩晕三年，虽然战栗恶寒，但不喜欢喝热汤，五月天气还围着火炉，让多位家人围上帷帐保暖，多次服用姜、桂类药物无效。脉象轻取细小，重按坚硬搏指，这是郁火内伏，不能宣发透越。用金花汤加柴胡、甘草、生姜，趁热饮用，过了一会儿恶寒减轻。再服两剂后撤去火炉，过一个月就能起床。随后用人参汤送服六味丸，两个月后完全康复。
张路玉治疗谢某，七月间患疟疾，因服用黄芩、知母、石膏等寒凉药物，症状稍缓解几天，后来因小便和精液大量泄出，导致头痛如破，恶寒颤抖欲倒地。医生使用八味丸、六君子汤，人参、附子用量加倍，但寒气未除。继而又用大建中汤，每服人参三钱，熟附子二钱，其寒症反而更重。到了正月诊察时，脉仅三至，弦小而两寸脉皆伏，但手指轻举即觉流利，症状虽是身穿多层皮裘，极度害怕缝隙中的风如箭射般寒冷，却不喜靠近火源，有时重有时轻，口鼻气息完全冰冷，胸中时常感觉有气上冲，小腹坚硬胀满，块垒如石，大便坚硬，想拉拉不出，小便短少频数，颜色时白时黄，阳道虽痿软，但松弛不收，气色憔悴，但不晦暗。此症本属阳虚，因用人参、附子过多，壮火不能化生阴液，遂郁伏于土中，反而导致真阴耗竭，辨证不清。治法应当升发阳气，先给予火郁汤六服，继进升阳散火汤、补中益气汤，肢体微汗，口鼻气温回升，脉恢复五至。后服用六味丸、生脉散、异功散，调理全康。
张子和治疗一位妇人，身体冰冷脉微，喜欢吃滚烫的粥饮，六月天穿厚衣，用狐皮帽蒙住头部仍觉得寒冷，腹泻不止，常服姜、附、硫黄等燥热药物，仅得平和，稍用寒凉药，病情就加重，三年不愈。诊其两手脉，都如绳索有力，一息跳动六七次。《脉诀》说：“六数七极热生多。”于是用凉布搭在心口，接着用新汲井水淋浇患病部位，妇人惨叫杀人。不由病人自主，让人按住她，继续用冷水淋浇三四十桶，大战汗出，昏困一二日，之前所厌恶的症状全部消除。此法华元化已曾用过，可惜无人知晓。
周贞，字子固，是玉田的隐士，治疗卫立体得的寒病，虽在盛夏也必须穿厚皮裘，拥火坐在密室中。其他医生投以乌头、附子，病情反而加剧。他说：“这是热极似寒，并非真寒。”用芒硝、大黄等大寒药物治愈。（出自《医说续编》。）
抱一翁治疗一人，泄泻恶寒，见风就跌倒，白天躺在密室中，坐着烤火蒙着毡子，说话伊伊呀呀，像婴儿的神态，看似沉寒痼冷，多次进服姜、附子反而更严重。诊察发现，脉濡弱而微数。濡脉主湿，数脉主脾脏潜伏之火。这是脾脏伏火邪气，湿热下注，并非寒证。治法应当升阳散火，以驱逐湿热。用柴胡、升麻、羌活、泽泻等药剂治疗。继以神芎丸（滑石、大黄、牵牛子、黄连、川芎、薄荷），四五剂后去掉毡子，第二天就安稳了。
薛立斋治疗一人，虽在盛暑也喜欢拥火取暖，四肢常想用沸水浸泡，喜欢吃辛辣热汤，面赤吐痰，一似实火，呕吐严重时，宿食也一起吐出。他说：“食入反出，是脾胃虚寒。”用四君子汤加姜、附子而愈。
一位读书人患恶寒，右尺脉独滑。尺脉滑者，是湿热下陷。恶寒是因为积劳伤脾，胃气下陷，谷气不得升发，无阳以护卫营卫。用补中益气汤加肉桂，两剂而愈。（这大概是阳陷入阴的证候，并非湿热。）
龚子才治疗一位妇人，六月恶寒至极，即使穿棉袄也不觉得热，这是火极似水。六脉洪数，小便赤少，用皮硝五钱，温水化服而愈。
薛立斋治疗一位妇人，内热作渴，大便秘结，畏恶风寒，手足逆冷，这是内真热而外假寒。先用黄连解毒汤，后用六味地黄丸而愈。
朱丹溪治疗晋地胡君锡，年三十一岁，形体肥大，面色苍浓，家中富足，专嗜美味。两年前得消渴病，医生给予寒凉药得以安宁。有人教他病后须用滋补，让他专用黄雌鸡食用，因此吃到一千多只，逐渐出现膈满呕吐的病状。医者认为是胃寒，于是给予附子、沉香等药物百余帖，呕吐病除。（这叫劫夺疗法而愈，反而使病根加重。世人不知此理，以为治疗有效。古今受其害者，岂可胜数？）月余后，天气大热，忽然恶风冷，脚也怕地气，于是堆起一尺厚的糠，上面铺上竹席，糊上厚纸，才敢坐卧，而两手不能执笔，口鼻都没有呼吸之气，想说话无力，行走十余步便困倦，脉皆浮大而虚，仅得四至。这是内有湿痰，因服用燥热药，遂成气耗血散。正值夏令，本该死去。因其面色苍浓，神气尚全，可以安谷。于是用人参、黄芪、白术熬膏，煎淡五味子汤，用竹沥调饮。三日，诸病皆愈，令其断绝肉食。二月后，康健如旧，又以鸡汤下饭。一月后，胸腹膨满甚，自煎二陈汤加附子、豆蔻饮之顿安。问调理药，教以勿药，并断肉饮，自愈。
Dai Yuanli treated Zhu Zhongwen from Songjiang, who suffered from aversion to cold in midsummer. He constantly wore heavy silk padding, and his food and drink had to be extremely hot before he could swallow them; if slightly warm, he would vomit. Other physicians prescribed a method of boiling hen meat with pepper, having him eat three chickens daily, but the condition worsened. Dai said, "The pulse is rapid, large, and not weak." Liu Shouzhen stated, "Extreme heat mimics water," which applies here. Pepper stimulates fire in the three Yin meridians, and chicken promotes phlegm, merely aggravating the disease. Therefore, Da Cheng Qi Tang (Major Order the Qi Decoction) was used to purge, resulting in more than twenty bowel movements day and night. The amount of padding worn was instantly halved. Later, Huang Lian Dao Tan Tang (Coptis Phlegm-Resolving Decoction) with bamboo sap was administered, leading to complete recovery. (From *Records of Famous Worthies of Zhejiang*)
Li Shicai treated Wu Wensui, who had suffered from vertigo for three years. Although he experienced shivering and aversion to cold, he did not desire hot drinks. In May, he sat by a fire with multiple family members surrounding him with curtains. Repeated use of ginger and cinnamon failed. The pulse was fine and small on superficial pressure, but firm and forceful on deep pressure, indicating latent constrained fire that could not diffuse. Jin Hua Tang (Golden Flower Decoction) was modified with Chai Hu (Bupleurum Root), Gan Cao (Licorice Root), and Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger), administered while hot. After a short time, the aversion to cold decreased. After two more doses, the fire stove was removed, and within a month he could rise. Subsequently, Ren Shen Tang (Ginseng Decoction) was used to administer Liu Wei Di Huang Wan (Six-Ingredient Pill with Rehmannia), resulting in full recovery after two months.
Zhang Luyu treated a patient named Xie, who contracted malaria in July. Due to taking cooling herbs like Huang Qin (Scutellaria Root), Zhi Mu (Anemarrhena Rhizome), and Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum), symptoms subsided for a few days. Later, due to excessive loss of urine and essence, he suffered from splitting headache, severe aversion to cold, and trembling as if wanting to fall to the ground. Physicians used Ba Wei Wan (Eight-Ingredient Pill) and Liu Jun Zi Tang (Six-Gentlemen Decoction) with tripled doses of Ren Shen (Ginseng Root) and Fu Zi (Aconite Lateral Root Processed), yet the cold persisted. Then Da Jian Zhong Tang (Major Construct the Middle Decoction) was used, with each dose containing 3 qian of Ginseng Root and 2 qian of Processed Aconite Lateral Root, making the cold worse. By January, the pulse was only three beats per respiration, wiry and small, with both Cun positions hidden. However, upon slight lifting, the pulse felt slippery. Symptoms included wearing multiple layers of fur, extreme fear of wind piercing like arrows, yet no desire for fire; symptoms fluctuated in severity. Breath from mouth and nose was completely cold, with frequent sensations of Qi rushing upward. The lower abdomen was hard and full, with masses like stone. Stool was hard and difficult to pass, urine was scanty and frequent, varying in color. The penis was flaccid and relaxed. The complexion was haggard but not dark. This case originally belonged to Yang deficiency, but excessive use of Ginseng Root and Processed Aconite Lateral Root prevented strong fire from transforming Yin, causing it to stagnate in the Earth element, depleting True Yin. Diagnosis was unclear. The method should have been to raise and diffuse Yang. First, Huo Yu Tang (Fire-Constrained Decoction) was given for six doses, followed by Sheng Yang San Huo Tang (Raise Yang and Disperse Fire Decoction) and Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction). Slight sweating occurred, breath warmed, and the pulse returned to five beats per respiration. Finally, Liu Wei Di Huang Wan (Six-Ingredient Pill with Rehmannia), Sheng Mai San (Generate the Pulse Powder), and Yi Gong San (Benefit the Work Powder) were used for conditioning, resulting in full health.
Zi Hehe treated a woman with cold body and faint pulse, craving boiling porridge and drinks. In June, she wore heavy clothes and covered her head with a fox hat yet still felt cold. She suffered from continuous diarrhea. Frequent use of drying-hot agents like ginger, aconite, and sulfur only brought mild relief; using any cooling agent aggravated the disease, lasting three years without cure. Her pulses at both hands were forceful like ropes, beating six or seven times per respiration. *Mai Jue* states: "Six rapid, seven extreme, heat generates much." Cold cloth was placed on the heart, then fresh well water was poured over the affected areas. The woman screamed loudly. Restraint was necessary. Water pouring continued for thirty to forty buckets. Profuse sweating ensued, followed by drowsiness for one or two days, eliminating all previous aversions. This method was already used by Hua Yuanhua, unfortunately unknown to others.
Zhou Zhen, courtesy name Zigù, a recluse from Yutian, treated Wei Lití's cold disease. Even in midsummer, he had to wear thick furs and sit in a dark room with fire. Other physicians prescribed Wu Tou (Aconite Root) and Fu Zi (Aconite Lateral Root Processed), worsening the condition. Zhou said, "This is extreme heat mimicking cold, not true cold." It was cured with Da Han (Great Cold) agents like Xiao Shi (Mirabilite) and Da Huang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome). (From *Continued Compilation of Medical Sayings*.)
Ba Yi Weng treated a man with diarrhea and aversion to cold, collapsing upon seeing wind. He lay in a dark room during the day, sat by fire under woolen blankets, spoke indistinctly like an infant, appearing to have deep-seated cold. Repeated administration of ginger and aconite worsened it. The pulse was soggy, weak, and slightly rapid. Soggy indicates dampness; rapid indicates latent fire in the spleen. This is spleen latent fire pathogen, with damp-heat flowing downward, not cold. The method should be raising Yang and dispersing fire to expel damp-heat. Treatment used Chai Hu (Bupleurum Root), Sheng Ma (Cimicifuga Rhizome), Qiang Huo (Notopterygium Rhizome), Ze Xie (Alisma Rhizome), etc. Subsequently, Shen Xiong Wan (Divine Celacaca Pill) [Shi Hui (Talcum), Da Huang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome), Qian Niu Zi (Pharbitis Seed), Lian Qiao (Forsythia Fruit), Xiong Duan (Processed Ligusticum Rhizome), Bo He (Mentha Haplocalyx)] was used. After four or five doses, the blanket was removed, and he was stable the next day.
Xue Lizhai treated a man who liked fire even in midsummer, often wishing to soak limbs in boiling water, preferring spicy hot soups. His face was red, he spat phlegm, resembling excess fire. Severe vomiting expelled undigested food. Xue said, "Food entering and immediately coming out indicates spleen and stomach deficiency-cold." He was cured with Si Jun Zi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction) plus ginger and aconite.
A scholar suffered from aversion to cold, with only the Right Chi position showing a slippery pulse. Slippery Chi indicates damp-heat sinking. Aversion to cold resulted from chronic fatigue injuring the spleen, sinking of Stomach Qi, inability of grain Qi to ascend, and lack of Yang to protect Ying and Wei. Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction) with Rou Gui (Cinnamon Bark) cured him in two doses. (This is likely a syndrome of Yang sinking into Yin, not damp-heat.)
Gong Zicai treated a woman with extreme aversion to cold in June, feeling no heat even in cotton-padded jackets. This is extreme heat mimicking water. All six pulses were surging and rapid, with scanty dark urine. Pi Xiao (Mirabilite) 5 qian dissolved in warm water cured her.
Xue Lizhai treated a woman with internal heat causing thirst, constipation, aversion to wind and cold, and cold extremities. This is true internal heat with false external cold. Huang Lian Jie Du Tang (Coptis Decoction for Resolving Toxins) was used first, followed by Liu Wei Di Huang Wan (Six-Ingredient Pill with Rehmannia), resulting in recovery.
Zhu Danxi treated Hu Junxi from Jin, aged 31, fat, with dark-rich complexion, wealthy, and fond of rich flavors. Two years prior, he developed Xiao Ke (Wasting-Thirst Disease), stabilized by cooling medicines. Someone advised post-illness tonification, instructing him to consume exclusively yellow hens. He ate over a thousand, gradually developing chest fullness and vomiting. Physicians attributed this to stomach cold, prescribing Fuzi (Aconite Lateral Root Processed) and Chen Xiang (Aquilaria Wood) for over a hundred prescriptions, curing the vomiting. (This is called 'plundering' to achieve cure, actually aggravating the root cause. People do not understand this, regarding it as successful treatment. How many have suffered harm throughout history?) One month later, in intense summer heat, he suddenly feared wind and cold, fearing the ground chill. He piled straw one foot thick, laid a bamboo mat, pasted thick paper, and dared only to sit or lie there. Hands could not hold a pen, breath from mouth/nose was weak, speaking lacked strength, fatigue after walking ten steps. Pulses were floating, large, and empty, only three beats per respiration. Internal damp-phlegm existed, but dry-hot medicines caused Qi consumption and Blood dispersion. In summer, death seemed inevitable. However, his dark-rich complexion and intact spirit suggested ability to digest food. Ren Shen (Ginseng Root), Huang Qi (Astragalus Root), Bai Zhu (Atractylodes Rhizome) were boiled into paste, decocted with Dan Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra Berry) soup, mixed with Zhu Li (Bamboo Sap) for drinking. In three days, all diseases resolved. He was instructed to abstain from meat. After two months, health restored, rice eaten with chicken soup. One month later, severe abdominal distension occurred. Self-decocted Er Chen Tang (Two-Cured Decoction) with Fuzi (Aconite Lateral Root Processed) and Dou Kou (Areca Seed) provided instant relief. Asked for conditioning advice, he was taught to take no medicine and abstain from meat, leading to spontaneous recovery.