【脉】 八至者平，九至者伤，十至者困。紧为风痫，沉为乳不消，弦急客忤气
；沉而数者，骨间有热。脉小，大便赤青飧泄，手足温者生，寒者难已。
【证】 有四，曰惊、疳、吐、泻。
病，其头毛皆上逆者死；汗出如珠，着身不流者死。
【因治】 有二∶曰饱、暖。
小儿十六岁前，禀纯阳气，为热多也。
小儿肠胃常脆，饱食难化，食则生积为痰。肝则有余，肾尚不足，肝病亦多也。
张，皆归之湿热。常以牵牛、大黄、木通为丸，以治诸病。
惊，因热痰，主急，当泻，降火痰丸，养血汤下；因脾虚，主慢，当补，朱砂安神丸，
参术汤下。
疳，因土热也。 川连（去热，二钱） 胡黄连（去果子积，半钱） 阿魏（去肉积，醋浸）
神曲（各一钱）
丸如米大。
啼，因肝热。姜汁炒川连、甘草、竹叶。煎服。
吐泻脾虚。
斑疹是火，与前丹疹条下同。
夫恶血留于命门，伏于一隅，待气虚、血虚、脾损，相火生焉。二火交炽，煎熬太阴，
其证
呵欠，寒热喷嚏，手足梢冷，睡惊，俱属少阳相火、少阴君火显证。自吐、吐泻者，邪出也
，即吉。宜消毒解火；大便不利，当微利之。身温者顺，身凉者逆。
痘同疹论，切忌热药（亦勿泥）。
宜分气血 虚则补之。气虚四君，血虚四物。吐泻少食，为里虚；陷白倒靥，
面灰白，为表虚。不吐泻能食，为实，宜解毒，芩、连等是也。实则更补，必结痈脓也。
解毒方 丝瓜 升麻 白芍（酒炒） 甘草 糖球 黑豆 犀角 朱砂
单用丝瓜煮汤亦可。
血痢三黄汤 食积利用。
炒曲 苍术 白芍 黄芩 白术 甘草 陈皮 茯苓
下保和丸。
治小儿虫用 胡黄连 川连 芜荑 山楂 神曲 青陈皮 芦荟
和丸。
急、慢惊风 辰砂一颗、全蝎一枚，生犬血，快研，服。
【脉象】脉搏每息八至为正常，九至为受损，十至为危困。脉紧主风痫，脉沉主乳食不消，脉弦急主客忤气；脉沉而数，主骨间有热。脉小，伴有大便赤青、完谷不化的泄泻，若手足温暖者预后良好，若手足寒冷者难治。
【证候】主要有四种，即惊、疳、吐、泻。
若病中出现头毛全部逆竖者死；汗出如珠，附着在身上不流动者死。
【病因与治疗】主要有两方面：即过饱、过暖。
小儿在十六岁之前，禀受纯阳之气，因此体内多热。
小儿肠胃通常娇嫩，饱食后难以消化，进食过多则产生积滞化为痰饮。肝气往往有余，肾气尚且不足，因此肝病也较多。
（对于此类病症），都归结于湿热。常以牵牛子、大黄、木通制成丸剂，来治疗各种疾病。
惊风，因热痰所致，发病急骤，应当泻法，用降火痰丸，以养血汤送服；因脾虚所致，发病缓慢，应当补法，用朱砂安神丸，以参术汤送服。
疳积，因脾胃有热所致。黄连（去除苦寒之性，二钱）、胡黄连（消除果子积滞，半钱）、阿魏（消除肉积，醋浸制）、神曲（各一钱）。
制成如米粒大小的丸剂。
啼哭，因肝热所致。用姜汁炒黄连、甘草、竹叶，煎汤服用。
呕吐、腹泻因脾虚所致。
斑疹属于火邪，与前文丹疹条下论述相同。
恶血留滞在命门，潜伏在一隅，等待气虚、血虚、脾脏受损时，相火就会生起。两种火邪交加炽盛，煎熬太阴脾土，其症状表现为呵欠、寒热交替、喷嚏、手脚梢端发冷、睡眠中惊悸，都属于少阳相火、少阴君火显现的证候。出现自发性呕吐、或呕吐伴腹泻，是邪气外出的表现，即为吉兆。适宜使用解毒清火之法；若大便不通利，应当轻微通便。身体温暖者为顺证，身体凉冷者为逆证。
痘疮与疹子的论述相同，切忌使用热性药物（也不必过于拘泥）。
应当分辨气血虚实，虚证则予以补益。气虚用四君子汤，血虚用四物汤。呕吐腹泻、食欲不振，属于里虚；痘疹内陷、颜色白且倒靥，面色灰白，属于表虚。不呕吐腹泻且能进食，属于实证，适宜解毒，如黄芩、黄连等药物。实证如果反而进补，必然会导致痈脓形成。
解毒方：丝瓜、升麻、白芍（酒炒）、甘草、糖球、黑豆、犀角、朱砂。
单用丝瓜煮汤也可以。
血痢三黄汤：适用于食积引起的痢疾。
炒神曲、苍术、白芍、黄芩、白术、甘草、陈皮、茯苓。
下方配合保和丸服用。
治疗小儿虫积用：胡黄连、黄连、芜荑、山楂、神曲、青皮、陈皮、芦荟。
和药制成丸剂。
急惊风、慢惊风：辰砂一颗、全蝎一枚，用生狗血，快速研磨，服用。
[Pulse] Eight beats per respiration indicate a normal state, nine beats indicate injury, and ten beats indicate critical distress. A tight pulse indicates wind epilepsy; a deep pulse indicates indigestion of milk; a wiry and rapid pulse indicates "Ke Wu" Qi (sudden adverse qi invasion); a deep and rapid pulse indicates heat in the bones. A small pulse accompanied by red or green stools and undigested food diarrhea suggests survival if the hands and feet are warm, but is difficult to cure if the hands and feet are cold.
[Symptoms] There are four main types: fright, gan syndrome (malnutrition), vomiting, and diarrhea.
If the hair on the head stands erect, it indicates death; if sweat beads like pearls and does not flow upon touching the body, it indicates death.
[Etiology and Treatment] There are two main factors: overfeeding and excessive warmth.
Children under sixteen years of age possess pure yang qi and thus tend toward excess heat.
Children's stomach and intestines are often fragile; overeating leads to difficulty in digestion, resulting in accumulation that transforms into phlegm. The liver qi is often in excess, while kidney qi is insufficient, so liver diseases are also common.
Such conditions are generally attributed to damp-heat. Pills made from *Lagenariae Fructus Semen* (Qian Niu Zi), *Rhei Radix et Rhizoma* (Da Huang), and *Akebiae Caulis* (Mu Tong) are commonly used to treat various diseases.
Fright due to heat-phlegm presents acutely and requires purgation; use Jiang Huo Tan Wan (Fire-Reducing Phlegm Pill) taken with Yang Xue Tang (Blood-Nourishing Decoction). Fright due to spleen deficiency presents chronically and requires tonification; use Zhu Sha An Shen Wan (Cinnabar Calming Spirit Pill) taken with Shen Zhu Tang (Ginseng and Atractylodes Decoction).
Gan syndrome is caused by heat in the earth (spleen/stomach). Use Coptidis Rhizoma (Chuan Lian, 2 qian) to clear heat, Picrorhizae Rhizoma (Hu Huang Lian, 0.5 qian) to resolve fruit accumulations, Asafoetida (A Wei, vinegar-soaked) to resolve meat accumulations, and Massa Fermentata Medicamentosa (Shen Qu, 1 qian each).
Form into pills the size of rice grains.
Crying due to liver heat: Stir-fry Coptidis Rhizoma (Chuan Lian) and Licorice Root (Gan Cao) with ginger juice, add Bamboo Leaves (Zhu Ye), decoct, and take orally.
Vomiting and diarrhea are due to spleen deficiency.
Macules and papules are caused by fire, consistent with the discussion on erythema in previous sections.
Stagnant evil blood remains in the Mingmen gate, hiding in one corner. When qi deficiency, blood deficiency, and spleen damage occur, ministerial fire arises. The interaction of these two fires scalds the Taiyin spleen. Symptoms include yawning, alternating chills and fever, sneezing, cold extremities, and sleep startles, all manifesting as signs of Shaoyang ministerial fire and Shaoyin sovereign fire. Spontaneous vomiting or vomiting with diarrhea indicates the expulsion of pathogenic factors, which is auspicious. It is appropriate to use detoxifying and fire-clearing methods; if bowel movement is obstructed, mild purgation should be applied. Warm body temperature indicates a favorable prognosis, while cold body temperature indicates an unfavorable prognosis.
Smallpox is discussed similarly to rashes; hot medicines must be strictly avoided (though one need not be overly rigid).
One must differentiate between qi and blood deficiencies and tonify accordingly. Qi deficiency is treated with Si Jun Zi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction); blood deficiency is treated with Si Wu Tang (Four Substances Decoction). Vomiting, diarrhea, and poor appetite indicate interior deficiency; sunken white rashes with inverted crusts and grayish-white complexion indicate exterior deficiency. Absence of vomiting/diarrhea and ability to eat indicate excess; detoxification is appropriate, using herbs such as Scutellaria Root (Huang Qin) and Coptis Rhizoma (Huang Lian). If excess conditions are mistakenly tonified, abscesses and pus will inevitably form.
Detoxification Formula: Loofah Fruit (Si Gua), Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Sheng Ma), White Peony Root (Bai Shao, wine-fried), Licorice Root (Gan Cao), Sugar Ball (Tang Qiu), Black Soybean (Hei Dou), Rhinoceros Horn (Xi Jiao), Cinnabar (Zhu Sha).
Boiling loofah fruit alone in water is also effective.
San Huang Tang (Three Yellows Decoction) for bloody dysentery: suitable for dysentery caused by food stagnation.
Stir-fried Massa Fermentata Medicamentosa (Chao Qu), Atractylodes Rhizoma (Cang Zhu), White Peony Root (Bai Shao), Scutellaria Root (Huang Qin), Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizoma (Bai Zhu), Licorice Root (Gan Cao), Tangerine Peel (Chen Pi), Poria (Fu Ling).
Take below with Bao He Wan (Preserve Harmony Pill).
Treatment for pediatric intestinal parasites: Picrorhizae Rhizoma (Hu Huang Lian), Coptidis Rhizoma (Chuan Lian), Terminalia Chebula Retz. Seed (Wu Yi), Hawthorn Fruit (Shan Zha), Massa Fermentata Medicamentosa (Shen Qu), Green Tangerine Peel (Qing Chen Pi), Tangerine Peel (Chen Pi), Aloe (Lu Hui).
Mix and form into pills.
Acute and chronic infantile convulsions: One particle of Cinnabar (Chen Sha) and one whole Scorpion (Quan Xie), ground rapidly with fresh dog blood, and administered.