胆病者,善太息,口苦,呕宿汁,心澹澹恐,如人将捕之,嗌仲介介然,数唾,候在足少阳之本末,亦见其脉之陷
下者,灸之;其寒热,刺阳陵泉。善呕,有苦汁,长太息,心中澹澹,善悲恐,如人将捕之,邪在胆,逆在胃,胆液则
口苦,胃气逆则呕苦汁,故曰呕胆。刺三里,以下胃气逆;刺足少阳血络,以闭胆;却调其虚实,以去其邪也。
胆胀者,胁下痛胀,口苦,太息。
厥气客于胆,则梦斗讼。
足少阳之脉,起于目兑 ,上抵头角,下耳后,循颈,行手少阳之脉前,至肩上,却交手少阳之后,入缺盆。其支
者,从耳后入耳中,出走耳前,至兑 后。其支者,别兑 ,下大迎,合手少阳于 (一本云∶别兑 ,上迎手少阳于
巅),下加颊车,下颈,合缺盆,以下胸中,贯膈,络肝,属胆,循胁里,出气街,绕毛际,横入髀厌中。其直者,从缺
盆下腋,循胸中,过季胁,下合髀厌中,以下循髀阳,出膝外廉,下外辅骨之前,直下抵绝骨之端,下出外踝之前,循
足趺上,出小指次指之端。其支者,趺上入大指之间,循大指歧内,出其端,还贯入爪甲,出三毛。是动则病口苦,善
太息,心胁痛,不能反侧,甚则面微尘,体无膏泽,足外反热,是为阳厥。是主骨所生病者,头痛角颔痛,目兑 痛,
缺盆中肿痛,腋下肿,马刀侠瘿,汗出,振寒,疟,胸中、胁肋,髀、膝外至 、绝骨、外踝前,及诸节皆痛,小指次
指不用。盛者,则人迎大一倍于寸口;虚者,则人迎反小于寸口也。
胆病的人,喜欢长叹气,口苦,呕吐隔夜胆汁,心中惶恐不安,好像有人要抓捕自己一样,咽喉部感觉异物梗塞不适,频繁吐唾沫。诊察部位在足少阳经的本末(经脉的起始和终止处),如果见到脉象沉陷无力的,可以用艾灸治疗;如果有寒热往来的症状,针刺阳陵泉穴。容易呕吐,吐出苦味液体,经常长叹气,心中惶恐,容易悲伤恐惧,好像有人要抓捕自己一样,这是邪气在胆,逆乱之气在胃,胆液上溢则口苦,胃气上逆则呕吐苦汁,所以称为“呕胆”。针刺足三里穴,以通降胃气上逆;针刺足少阳经的血络,以闭阻胆经邪气;然后调理虚实,以祛除邪气。
厥逆之气客居于胆,就会梦见争斗诉讼。
足少阳胆经的经脉,起于目外眦,向上到达头角,向下经过耳后,沿着颈部,走在手少阳三焦经的前面,至肩部,转而交手少阳经的后面,进入缺盆。其分支,从耳后进入耳中,走出耳前,到达目外眦后方。另一分支,从目外眦分出,下行至大迎穴,与手少阳经会合于目眶下(另一种说法是:从目外眦分出,上行至巅顶与手少阳经会合),下行加于颊车穴,向下经过颈部,与缺盆会合,向下进入胸中,贯穿膈肌,联络肝脏,归属于胆,沿着胁肋内部,出于气街,环绕阴毛边缘,横向进入髋关节中。其直行者,从缺盆向下经过腋下,沿着胸中,经过季胁,向下与髋关节会合,向下沿着大腿外侧,出于膝盖外侧,下行于腓骨之前,直下抵达绝骨(腓骨下端)的末端,向下出于外踝之前,沿着足背,出于第四趾端。其分支,从足背进入大趾之间,沿着大趾内侧歧骨,出于趾端,回穿入指甲内,出于丛毛处。本经发生变动就会生病,出现口苦,喜欢长叹气,心胁部疼痛,不能翻身侧卧,严重时面色如蒙尘垢,身体失去光泽,足外侧发热,这称为阳厥。本经主要主管骨骼所生的疾病,包括头痛、角颔痛,目外眦痛,缺盆中肿痛,腋下肿,马刀侠瘿(瘰疬的一种),出汗,恶寒战栗,疟疾,胸中、胁肋,大腿、膝盖外侧至腘窝、绝骨、外踝前,以及各个关节都疼痛,第四趾功能丧失。脉象盛大时,人迎脉搏比寸口脉搏大一倍;脉象虚弱时,人迎脉搏反而小于寸口脉搏。
Patients with gallbladder disease often sigh deeply, experience bitter taste in the mouth, vomit old bile fluid, feel palpitations and fear as if being pursued by someone, have a sensation of obstruction in the throat (Yan), and frequently spit saliva. The diagnostic signs are located at the root and extremity (Benmo) of the Foot-Shaoyang channel; if the pulse is sunken or depressed, moxibustion should be applied. For symptoms of chills and fever, needle the Yanglingquan (GB34) acupoint. If there is frequent vomiting of bitter fluid, long sighing, palpitations in the heart, excessive sadness and fear, feeling as if being hunted, this indicates pathogenic factors in the Gallbladder and rebellious Qi in the Stomach. The leakage of gall juice causes bitter taste, while rebellious Stomach Qi causes vomiting of bitter fluid; hence it is called "vomiting from the Gallbladder" (Ou Dan). Needle the Zusanli (ST36) acupoint to descend rebellious Stomach Qi; needle the blood collaterals of the Foot-Shaoyang channel to close off the Gallbladder pathogen; then regulate deficiency and excess to eliminate the pathogen.
Gallbladder distension presents with pain and fullness under the hypochondrium, bitter taste in the mouth, and frequent sighing.
When Jue Qi (rebellious cold/yin qi) lodges in the Gallbladder, one dreams of fighting and litigation.
The Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian originates at the outer canthus of the eye, ascends to the head corner, descends behind the ear, follows the neck, runs anterior to the Hand-Shaoyang Sanjiao Meridian, reaches the shoulder, crosses posterior to the Hand-Shaoyang, and enters the supraclavicular fossa (Quepen). A branch enters the ear from behind the ear, emerges anterior to the ear, and reaches the post-auricular region. Another branch diverges from the outer canthus, descends to Daying (LI17), and joins the Hand-Shaoyang at the infraorbital region (alternative text: diverges from the outer canthus, ascends to the vertex to join the Hand-Shaoyang), descends to Jiache (ST6), goes down the neck, joins the Quepen, descends into the chest, penetrates the diaphragm, connects with the Liver, and belongs to the Gallbladder. It follows the interior of the hypochondrium, emerges at the Qichong (ST30) area, surrounds the pubic hair margin, and transversely enters the hip joint (Biyan). The straight course descends from the Quepen to the axilla, follows the chest, passes through the costal margin, joins the hip joint below, descends along the lateral aspect of the thigh, emerges at the lateral knee, runs anterior to the fibula, reaches the end of the Juegu (lower fibula), emerges anterior to the lateral malleolus, follows the dorsum of the foot, and exits at the tip of the fourth toe. A branch on the dorsum of the foot enters between the big toe, follows the medial side of the big toe's bifurcation, exits the tip, returns to penetrate the nail bed, and emerges at the trichiasis area (Sanmao). When this meridian is disturbed, diseases include bitter taste, frequent sighing, pain in the heart and hypochondrium, inability to turn the body, severe cases showing a dusty complexion, lack of luster in the body, and heat on the lateral aspect of the foot; this is termed Yang Jue (Yang Rebellion). This meridian governs diseases arising from the bones, including headache, pain at the temple and jaw, pain at the outer canthus, swelling and pain in the Quepen, axillary swelling, scrofula (Madao and Xiaying), sweating, chills, malaria, pain in the chest, hypochondrium, thigh, lateral knee to the popliteal fossa, Juegu, and anterior to the lateral malleolus, and pain in all joints, with dysfunction of the fourth toe. In cases of excess, the Renying pulse is twice as large as the Cun Kou pulse; in cases of deficiency, the Renying pulse is smaller than the Cun Kou pulse.