肝气虚,则恐;实,则怒。肝气虚,则梦见园苑生草,得其时,则梦伏树下不敢起。肝气盛,则梦怒。厥气客于肝,
则梦山林树木。
病在肝,平旦慧,下晡甚,夜半静。
病先发于肝者,头目眩,胁痛支满;一日之脾,闭塞不通,身痛体重;二日之胃,而腹胀;三日之肾,少腹腰脊痛,
胫;十日不已,死。冬日入,夏早食。
肝脉搏坚而长,色不青,当病坠堕,若搏,因血在胁下,令人喘逆。若软而散。其色泽者,当病溢饮。溢饮者,湿
暴多饮,而溢(一作易)入肌皮肠胃之外也。
肝脉沉之而急,浮之亦然,苦胁下痛,有气支满,引少腹而痛,时小便难,苦目眩头痛,腰背痛,足为逆寒,时癃。
女人月使不来,时亡时有,得之少时有所坠堕。青脉之至也,长而左右弹,诊曰有积气在心下,支 ,名曰肝痹。得之
寒湿,与疝同法,腰痛,足清,头痛。
肝中风者,头目 ,两胁痛,行常伛,令人嗜甘如阻妇状。
肝中寒者,其人洗洗恶寒,翕翕发热,面翕然赤, 有汗,胸中烦热。
肝中寒者,其人两臂不举,舌本(又作大)燥,善太息,胸中痛,不得转侧,时盗汗,咳,食已吐其汁。
肝主胸中,喘,怒骂,其脉沉,胸中叉窒,欲令人推按之,有热,鼻窒。凡有所坠堕,恶血留内,若有所大怒,气
上而不能下,积于左胁下,则伤肝。肝伤者,其人脱肉,又卧,口欲得张,时时手足青,目瞑,瞳人痛,此为肝脏伤所
致也。
肝胀者,胁下满而痛引少腹。
肝水者,其人腹大,不能自转侧,而胁下腹中痛,时时津液微生,小便续通。
肺乘肝,即为痈肿;心乘肝,必吐利。
肝着者,其病患常欲蹈其胸上,先未苦时,但欲饮热。
肝之积,名曰肥气,在左胁下,如覆杯,有头足,如龟鳖状。久久不愈,发咳逆, 疟,连岁月不已。以季夏戊己
日得之,何也?肺病传肝,肝当传脾,脾适以季夏王,王者不受邪,肝复欲还肺,肺不肯受,因留结为积,故知肥气以
季夏得之。
肝病,其色青,手足拘急,胁下苦满,或时眩冒,共脉弦长,此为可治。宜服防风竹沥汤、秦艽散。春当刺大敦,
夏刺行间,冬刺曲泉,皆补之;季夏刺太冲,秋刺中 ,皆泻之。又当灸期门百壮,背第九椎五十壮。
肝病者,必两胁下痛引少腹,令人善怒。虚则目KT KT 无所见,耳无所闻,善恐,如人将捕之。若欲治之,当
取其经。
足厥阴与少阳气逆,则头目痛,耳聋不聪,颊肿,取血者。邪在肝,则两胁中痛,寒中。恶血在内, 善螈,节时
肿。取之行间以引胁下,补三里以温胃中,取血脉以散恶血,取耳间青脉以去其螈。足厥阴之脉,起于大指聚毛之际,
上循足趺上廉,去内踝一寸,上踝八寸,交出太阴之后,上 内廉,循股,入阴毛中,环阴器,抵少腹,挟胃,属肝,
络胆,上贯膈,布胁肋,循喉咙之后,上入颃颡,连目系,上出额,与督脉会于巅。其支者,从目系下颊里,环唇内。
其支者,复从肝别贯膈,上注肺中。是动则病腰痛,不可以俯仰,丈夫颓疝,妇人少腹肿,甚则嗌干,面尘脱色。是主
肝所生病者,胸满,呕逆,洞泄,狐疝,遗溺,闭癃。盛者,则寸口大一倍于人迎;虚者,则寸口反小于人迎。足厥阴
之别,名曰蠡沟,去内踝上五寸,别走少阳。其别者,循经上睾,结于茎。其病气逆,则睾肿卒疝。实则挺长,热虚则
暴痒。取之所别。
肝病,胸满胁胀,善恚怒,叫呼,身体有热,而复恶寒,四肢不举,面目白,身体滑。其脉当弦长而急,今反短涩,
其色当青,而反白者,此是金之克木,为大逆,十死不治。
肝气虚弱,则出现恐惧感;肝气实证,则易怒。肝气虚弱时,会梦见园林中草木生长;若逢其当令之时(春季),则会梦见伏在树下不敢起身。肝气亢盛时,会梦见发怒。厥逆之气客居于肝脏,则会梦见山林树木。
肝病发作时,清晨神志清醒,傍晚病情加重,半夜相对安静。
疾病首先从肝脏发起的,会出现头晕目眩、胁肋疼痛且支撑胀满;一天后传至脾脏,导致闭塞不通,身体疼痛沉重;两天后传至胃腑,出现腹部胀满;三天后传至肾脏,出现小腹部及腰脊疼痛,小腿酸痛;若十日不愈,则死亡。冬季在日落时分死亡,夏季在早饭前后死亡。
肝脉按之坚实而长,但面色不发青,这可能是因跌坠损伤,或遭受外力搏击,导致瘀血积存于胁下,使人喘息气逆。若肝脉软而散漫,但色泽明润,则可能患有溢饮病。所谓溢饮,是因为暴饮暴食水湿,导致水液泛滥侵入肌肉、皮肤和肠胃之外。
肝脉沉取急疾,浮取亦然,患者苦于胁下疼痛,有气支撑胀满,牵引少腹疼痛,时常小便困难,苦于头晕目眩头痛,腰背疼痛,足部逆冷,时常小便淋漓不畅。女性月经闭止不来,或时有出血,多因年少时有过跌坠损伤所致。青色脉象到来时,脉形长且左右弹指,诊断为心下有积气,支撑作痛,名为肝痹。此病得自寒湿,治疗方法与疝病相同,症状包括腰痛、足部清冷、头痛。
风邪侵袭肝脏者,头部和眼睛昏花,两胁疼痛,行走时常弯腰曲背,使人像孕妇一样嗜吃甘味食物。
寒邪侵袭肝脏者,其人战栗恶寒,翕翕发热,面色红赤,额头出汗,胸中烦热。
寒邪侵袭肝脏者,其人双臂不能抬起,舌根干燥,喜欢叹气,胸中疼痛,身体不能转动,时常盗汗,咳嗽,进食后吐出酸水。
肝主司胸中气机,若出现气喘、怒骂,脉象沉,胸中窒塞难受,想要让人推按胸部以缓解,伴有热象,鼻塞。凡是跌坠损伤,恶血留滞体内,或者大怒之后,气机上逆而不能下行,积聚在左胁下,就会损伤肝脏。肝脏受伤的人,肌肉消瘦脱失,卧床时口想张开,时时手足发青,眼睛昏花,瞳孔疼痛,这是肝脏受损所致。
肝胀病,表现为胁下胀满且疼痛牵引少腹。
肝水病,表现为腹部肿大,不能自行翻身侧卧,胁下和腹中疼痛,口中微微生津,小便断续通畅。
肺金乘克肝木,就会发生痈肿;心火乘克肝木,必然出现呕吐和下利。
肝着病,患者常常想要踩踏或按压胸部上方,在未感到痛苦之前,只想喝热饮。
肝脏的积块,名叫肥气,位于左胁下,形状像倒扣的杯子,有头有脚,像龟鳖的形状。久治不愈,会引发咳嗽气逆、疟疾,连绵数月不止。为什么是在季夏戊己日得的呢?因为肺病传变给肝,肝本该再传变给脾,但正值季夏脾土当令旺盛,王者不受邪气,肝想将邪气返还给肺,肺不肯接受,因此邪气停留结聚成为积块,所以知道肥气是在季夏获得的。
肝病,面色发青,手足拘挛紧急,胁下苦于胀满,有时头晕眼花,脉象弦长,这是可以治疗的。适宜服用防风竹沥汤、秦艽散。春季应当针刺大敦穴,夏季刺行间穴,冬季刺曲泉穴,都用补法;季夏刺太冲穴,秋季刺中封穴,都用泻法。还应当灸期门穴一百壮,背部第九椎旁五十壮。
肝病的人,必定两胁下疼痛牵引少腹,使人容易发怒。肝虚则两眼视物模糊不清,耳朵听不见声音,容易恐惧,好像有人要抓捕自己一样。如果要治疗,应当选取肝经穴位。
足厥阴肝经与足少阳胆经气机逆乱,会导致头痛、耳聋不聪、脸颊肿胀,应取血络放血。邪气在肝脏,则两胁中间疼痛,寒邪内侵。恶血积存在体内,容易发生抽搐,关节时而肿胀。取行间穴以引导胁下之气,补足三里穴以温养胃中,取血脉以消散恶血,取耳间青色脉络以去除抽搐。足厥阴肝经,起于大脚趾丛毛处,向上沿足背内侧上行,在内踝前一寸处,上踝八寸处交叉出于足太阴脾经之后,向上沿大腿内侧廉,进入阴毛中,环绕生殖器,抵达小腹部,夹行于胃旁,属于肝脏,联络胆腑,向上穿过膈肌,分布于胁肋,沿喉咙后方,向上进入鼻咽部(颃颡),连接目系,向上出于额部,与督脉会合于头顶。其分支,从目系下行至面颊内部,环绕嘴唇内侧。另一分支,又从肝脏分出,贯穿膈肌,向上注入肺中。本经发生变动所生的病症是腰痛,不能俯仰,男子患颓疝,女子小腹部肿胀,严重时咽喉干燥,面色如蒙尘失去光泽。本经主治肝脏所生的疾病,包括胸满、呕逆、洞泄、狐疝、遗尿、闭癃。脉气盛实,则寸口脉比人迎脉大一倍;脉气虚弱,则寸口脉反而小于人迎脉。足厥阴肝经的别络,名叫蠡沟,在内踝上五寸处,别走足少阳胆经。其分支,沿经上行至睾丸,结聚于阴茎。其病变为气逆,则睾丸肿胀突发疝气。实证则阴茎挺长,热证则突然瘙痒,虚证则暴痒。治疗取该别络穴。
肝病,胸满胁胀,容易愤怒,呼叫,身体发热,却又怕冷,四肢不能抬举,面目苍白,身体滑润。其脉应当弦长而急,现在反而短涩,其色应当青,反而白,这是金克木的大逆之象,十死无救。
When Liver Qi is deficient, fear arises; when it is excess, anger occurs. When Liver Qi is deficient, one dreams of gardens and growing grass; if this occurs during its governing season (Spring), one dreams of crouching under a tree, daring not to rise. When Liver Qi is excessive, one dreams of anger. When Jueqi (rebellious qi) lodges in the Liver, one dreams of mountains, forests, and trees.
In Liver disease, clarity prevails at dawn, severity increases in the late afternoon, and calmness returns at midnight.
If a disease originates in the Liver, dizziness and vertigo occur, accompanied by hypochondriac pain and distending fullness; after one day, it transmits to the Spleen, causing obstruction and blockage, with body pain and heaviness; after two days, it transmits to the Stomach, resulting in abdominal distension; after three days, it transmits to the Kidney, causing pain in the lower abdomen, waist, and spine, and soreness in the shins; if not resolved within ten days, death ensues. Death occurs at sunset in Winter and around breakfast time in Summer.
If the Liver pulse is firm and long upon pressing, but the complexion is not green, the cause may be a fall or blow, leading to blood stasis accumulating under the hypochondrium, causing wheezing and rebellious qi. If the Liver pulse is soft and scattered, yet the luster is bright, the patient likely suffers from Yi Yin (Overflowing Drink). Yi Yin results from sudden excessive drinking of water, causing fluid overflow into the muscles, skin, and outside the intestines and stomach.
If the Liver pulse is rapid on deep palpation and equally so on superficial palpation, the patient suffers from hypochondriac pain, a sensation of qi distending and filling, radiating pain to the lower abdomen, occasional difficulty in urination, dizziness, headache, backache, cold feet, and occasional strangury. In women, amenorrhea or intermittent bleeding may occur, often due to past falls during youth. A blue pulse arriving, long and flicking to both sides, indicates accumulation of qi beneath the heart causing distending pain, named Gan Bi (Liver Bi). Caused by cold-dampness, it is treated similarly to Shan (Hernia), presenting with back pain, cold feet, and headache.
Wind invading the Liver causes dizziness and blurring of vision, bilateral hypochondriac pain, habitual stooping while walking, and an craving for sweet foods resembling that of a pregnant woman.
Cold invading the Liver causes shivering aversion to cold, slight fever, flushed face, sweating on the forehead, and irritability and heat in the chest.
Cold invading the Liver causes inability to raise both arms, dryness at the root of the tongue, frequent sighing, chest pain, inability to turn the body, night sweats, cough, and vomiting of sour fluids after eating.
The Liver governs the chest; symptoms include wheezing, cursing, a deep pulse, chest oppression relieved by pressure, heat, and nasal congestion. Any fall causing blood stasis to remain internally, or severe anger causing qi to rebel upward without descending, accumulating under the left hypochondrium, will injure the Liver. Injury to the Liver manifests as emaciation, lying down with mouth open, cyanosis of hands and feet, closed eyes, and pupil pain.
Liver distension presents as fullness and pain under the hypochondrium radiating to the lower abdomen.
Liver water disease presents with abdominal enlargement, inability to turn over independently, pain in the hypochondrium and abdomen, slight production of saliva, and intermittent patent urination.
Lung Metal overcoming Liver Wood leads to carbuncles and swelling; Heart Fire overcoming Liver Wood leads to vomiting and diarrhea.
Liver Zhuo disease is characterized by the patient's constant desire to tread on or press the upper chest. Before suffering begins, the patient only desires hot drinks.
The accumulation in the Liver is named Fei Qi (Fat Qi), located under the left hypochondrium, shaped like an inverted cup with head and tail, resembling a turtle or tortoise. If lingering untreated, it triggers coughing, rebellious qi, and malaria, lasting months. Why does it arise on Wu-Ji days in Late Summer? Lung disease transmits to the Liver; the Liver should transmit to the Spleen. However, in Late Summer, Spleen Earth is prosperous and does not accept pathogenic factors. The Liver attempts to return the pathogen to the Lung, but the Lung refuses. Thus, the pathogen remains and knots into an accumulation. Hence, Fei Qi arises in Late Summer.
In Liver disease, the complexion is green, extremities are stiff and cramped, hypochondrium is full and painful, occasional dizziness occurs, and the pulse is wiry and long; this is treatable. Suitable formulas include Fangfeng Zhuli Tang (Saposhnikovia and Bamboo Juice Decoction) and Qinjiao San (Gentian Powder). In Spring, puncture Dazhun (LR1); in Summer, Xingjian (LR2); in Winter, Ququan (LR8), all using tonification methods. In Late Summer, Taichong (LR3); in Autumn, Zhongfeng (LR6), all using sedation methods. Moxibustion should be applied to Qimen (LR14) 100 moxa cones, and 50 cones beside the 9th thoracic vertebra on the back.
Patients with Liver disease invariably suffer hypochondriac pain radiating to the lower abdomen and frequent anger. Deficiency causes blurred vision, deafness, frequent fear, and a sensation of being pursued. Treatment requires selecting points from the Liver meridian.
Rebellion of Zujyin (Foot Jueyin) and Shaoyang (Foot Shaoyang) meridians causes headache, deafness, cheek swelling; treat by bleeding. Pathogens in the Liver cause pain between the hypochondria and internal cold. Blood stasis internally causes spasms and intermittent joint swelling. Puncture Xingjian (LR2) to guide qi from the hypochondrium, tonify Zusanli (ST36) to warm the Stomach mid-jiao, bleed vessels to dissipate blood stasis, and bleed blue veins behind the ear to stop spasms. The Foot Jueyin Liver Meridian originates at the pubic hair on the big toe, ascends along the medial aspect of the dorsum of the foot, passes one cun anterior to the medial malleolus, ascends eight cun above the ankle, crosses posterior to the Foot Taiyin Spleen Meridian, ascends along the medial thigh, enters the pubic region, circles the genitalia, reaches the lower abdomen, flanks the Stomach, belongs to the Liver, connects with the Gallbladder, pierces the diaphragm, distributes in the hypochondrium, follows the posterior pharynx, enters the nasopharynx (Hangsang), connects with the eye system, emerges on the forehead, and meets the Du Mai at the vertex. A branch descends from the eye system to the inner cheek, circling the lips internally. Another branch diverges from the Liver, pierces the diaphragm, and flows upward into the Lungs. Disorders of movement manifest as low back pain, inability to bend or extend, hernia in men, and lower abdominal swelling in women; severely, dry throat and dusty, faded complexion. Diseases governed by the Liver include chest fullness, vomiting, diarrhea, hernia, enuresis, and strangury. Excess conditions show the Cun Kou pulse one times larger than the Ren Ying pulse; deficiency shows the Cun Kou pulse smaller than the Ren Ying pulse. The Luo-connecting vessel of the Foot Jueyin is named Ligou (LR5), five cun above the medial malleolus, connecting to the Foot Shaoyang. Its branch ascends along the meridian to the testis, knotting at the penis. Pathological rebellion causes acute testicular swelling and hernia. Excess leads to priapism; heat causes sudden itching; deficiency causes violent itching. Treat by selecting the Luo point.
Liver disease presenting with chest fullness, hypochondriac distension, irritability, shouting, body heat with aversion to cold, immobility of limbs, pale face and eyes, and slippery body texture. The pulse should be wiry, long, and rapid; if instead short and choppy, and the color should be green but appears white, this represents Metal overcoming Wood, a major reversal indicating ten deaths out of ten, untreatable.