(左右共二十二穴。以下十四经,共六百七十穴。)
中府 云门 天府 侠白 尺泽 孔最 列缺 经渠 太渊 鱼际 少商
肺者,相傅之官,治节出焉。其形四垂,附着于脊之第三椎中,有二十四空,行列分布,以行诸藏之气,为
藏之长,为心之盖。是经常多气少血。其合皮也。其荣毛也。开窍于鼻。《难经》曰∶“肺重三斤三两,
六叶两耳,凡八药,主藏魄。”华元化曰∶“肺者,生气之原,乃五脏之华盖。”肺叶白莹,谓为华盖,以
覆诸脏。虚如蜂窠,下无透窍,吸之则满,呼之则虚,一呼一吸,消息自然,司清浊之运化,为人身之橐 。
肺者,市也,百脉朝会之处所也。凡饮食入胃,不敢自专,地道卑而上行,上朝于肺;肺乃天道,下济而光
明,水精四布,五经并行,下输膀胱,小便自利。岂以肺如都市,聚他处之物,而仍散之他处,故字从肉从市。
(左右共四十穴。)
南阳 二间 三间 合谷 阳 偏历 温溜 下廉 上廉 三里 曲池 肘
五里 臂 肩 巨骨 天鼎 扶突 禾 迎香
大肠者,传道之官,变化出焉。回肠当脐左回十六曲,大四寸,径一寸寸之少半,长二尺一寸。受谷一
斗,水七升半。广肠傅脊以受回肠,乃出滓秽之路。大八寸,径二寸寸之大半,长二尺八寸。受谷九升
三合八分合之一。是经多气多血。《难经》曰∶“大肠重二斤十二两,肛门重十二两。”按回肠者,
以其回叠也。广肠者,即回肠之更大者。直肠者,又广肠之末节也,下连肛门,是为谷道后阴,一名魄门。
总皆大肠也。
大肠为传道之官,有变易之义,上受胃家之糟粕,下输于广肠,旧谷出而新谷可进,故字从肉从易。又
畅也,通畅水谷之道也。
大肠上口,即小肠下口。
(左右两侧共二十二个穴位。以下十四条经脉,共计六百七十穴。)
中府 云门 天府 侠白 尺泽 孔最 列缺 经渠 太渊 鱼际 少商
肺被称为“相傅之官”(辅佐君主的官员),治理和调节功能由此产生。其形状呈四垂状,附着于脊柱第三椎体中间,有二十四个空窍,行列分布,用以运行各脏腑之气,是五脏之长,也是心的覆盖物。这条经脉(手太阴肺经)通常多气少血。肺与皮相合。其荣华表现在毛发上。开窍于鼻。《难经》说:“肺重三斤三两,六叶两耳,共八个部分,主要功能是藏魄。”华元化说:“肺是生气的源头,是五脏的华盖。”肺叶洁白晶莹,称为华盖,以覆盖其他脏腑。肺内部空虚如蜂巢,下方没有透气的孔窍,吸气时充满,呼气时虚空,一呼一吸,气息自然消长,主管清浊之气的运化,是人体如同风箱般的器官。肺,意为集市,是百脉朝会汇聚的地方。凡是饮食进入胃中,不敢独自专断,地气卑下而向上运行,上朝于肺;肺象征天道,向下济助而光明,水液精华四处布散,五条经脉并行,向下输送到膀胱,小便自然通利。岂不正如肺像都市一样,聚集他处的物质,而又将其散布到他处,所以“肺”字从肉旁从市旁。
(左右两侧共四十个穴位。)
商阳 二间 三间 合谷 阳溪 偏历 温溜 下廉 上廉 手三里 曲池 肘髎 五里 臂臑 肩髃 巨骨 天鼎 扶突 禾髎 迎香
大肠被称为“传道之官”,变化传导的功能由此产生。回肠位于肚脐左侧,回旋十六圈,宽四寸,直径一寸又三分之一寸,长二尺一寸。接受谷物一斗,水七升半。广肠紧贴脊柱以接收回肠,是排出糟粕的通道。宽八寸,直径二寸又三分之二寸,长二尺八寸。接受谷物九升三合八分之一。这条经脉(手阳明大肠经)多气多血。《难经》说:“大肠重二斤十二两,肛门重十二两。”按:所谓回肠,是因为它回旋重叠。所谓广肠,就是比回肠更大的那部分。直肠,又是广肠的末端,下方连接肛门,这就是谷道后阴,又名魄门。总括起来都属于大肠。
大肠作为传道之官,有变易的含义,上方接受胃中的糟粕,下方输送到广肠,旧的谷物排出而新的谷物可以进入,所以“肠”字从肉旁从易旁。又有通畅的意思,即水谷通行的道路。
大肠的上口,即小肠的下口。
(There are twenty-two acupoints on both sides. The following fourteen meridians have a total of six hundred and seventy acupoints.)
Zhongfu (LU-1) Yunmen (LU-2) Tianfu (LU-3) Xiabai (LU-4) Chize (LU-5) Kongzui (LU-6) Lieque (LU-7) Jingqu (LU-8) Taiyuan (LU-9) Yuji (LU-10) Shaoshang (LU-11)
The Lung is referred to as the "Minister of Administration" (an official assisting the sovereign), from which governance and regulation arise. Its shape hangs down on four sides, attached to the middle of the third thoracic vertebra of the spine. It has twenty-four hollow spaces arranged in rows and columns to circulate Qi among the Zang organs. It is the chief of the Zang organs and the cover of the Heart. This meridian (Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian) typically contains abundant Qi but scarce Blood. The Lung corresponds to the skin. Its luster manifests in the hair. It opens into the nose. *Nan Jing* states: "The Lung weighs three jin and three liang, has six lobes and two ears, totaling eight parts, and its main function is to store the Po (Corporeal Soul)." Hua Yuanhua stated: "The Lung is the source of vital Qi and the Huagai (Canopy) of the five Zang organs." The lung lobes are white and translucent, called the Huagai because they cover the other organs. Internally, it is hollow like a honeycomb, with no perforations at the bottom; it fills upon inhalation and empties upon exhalation. With each breath, Qi naturally expands and contracts, governing the transformation and transportation of clear and turbid substances, acting as the bellows of the human body. The character "Fei" (Lung) implies a market, a place where all vessels converge. When food and drink enter the Stomach, they do not act arbitrarily; Earthly Qi, being humble, rises upward and converges on the Lung; the Lung represents Heavenly Qi, descending to nourish and illuminate. Water essence spreads throughout, flowing through the five meridians, and descends to transport to the Bladder, allowing urination to occur naturally. Is it not that the Lung, like a metropolis, gathers substances from other places and then distributes them elsewhere? Hence, the character consists of the radical for flesh/meat and the phonetic component "Shi" (Market).
(There are forty acupoints on both sides.)
Shangyang (LI-1) Erjian (LI-2) Sanjian (LI-3) Hegu (LI-4) Yangxi (LI-5) Pianli (LI-6) Wenliu (LI-7) Xialian (LI-8) Shanglian (LI-9) Shousanli (LI-10) Quchi (LI-11) Zhoule (LI-12) Wuli (LI-13) Binao (LI-14) Jianyu (LI-15) Jugu (LI-16) Tianding (SI-11) Futu (LI-18) Heliao (LI-19) Yingxiang (LI-20)
The Large Intestine is referred to as the "Official of Transmission," from which changes and transformations arise. The Hui Chang (Looping Intestine) is located to the left of the umbilicus, looping sixteen times, with a width of four cun, a diameter of one cun and one-third cun, and a length of two chi and one cun. It receives one dou of grain and seven sheng and half of water. The Guang Chang (Broad Intestine) adheres to the spine to receive the Hui Chang; it is the pathway for expelling waste. It has a width of eight cun, a diameter of two cun and two-thirds cun, and a length of two chi and eight cun. It receives nine sheng, three he, and one-eighth he of grain. This meridian (Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian) contains abundant Qi and abundant Blood. *Nan Jing* states: "The Large Intestine weighs two jin and twelve liang, and the anus weighs twelve liang." According to commentary: The term "Hui Chang" refers to its looping and overlapping structure. The term "Guang Chang" refers to the larger portion of the intestine. The "Zhi Chang" (Straight Intestine) is the terminal segment of the Guang Chang, connecting downward to the anus, which is also known as the Valley Gate or Posterior Yin, alternatively called the Po Men (Gate of Po). Collectively, these belong to the Large Intestine.
As the Official of Transmission, the Large Intestine embodies the meaning of change and alteration. It receives dregs from the Stomach above and transports them to the Broad Intestine below; when old grain is expelled, new grain can enter. Hence, the character "Chang" (Intestine) consists of the radical for flesh/meat and the phonetic component "Yi" (Change/Ease). It also implies smoothness, referring to the pathway through which water and grain pass smoothly.
The upper opening of the Large Intestine is the lower opening of the Small Intestine.