体象 长脉迢迢，首尾俱端，直上直下，如循长竿。
首尾相称，往来端直也。
主病 长主有余，气逆火盛。左寸长者，君火为病。长在左关，木实之殃。左尺见长，奔豚冲竞。
右寸长者，满逆为定。长在右关，土郁胀闷。右尺见长，相火专冷。
长脉与数脉、实脉皆相类。而长脉应肝，肝属木而生火，如上诸证，莫非东方炽甚，助南离之焰，为中州
之仇，须以平木为急耳。
按《素问·平人气象论》曰∶“肝脉来软弱招招，如揭长竿末梢，曰肝平。肝脉来盈实而滑，如循长竿，
曰肝病。”故知长而和缓，即合春生之气，而为健旺之征。长而硬满，即属火亢之形，而为疾病之应。长
脉在时为春，在卦为震，在人为肝。肝主春生之令，天地之气至此而发舒。《素问·脉要精微论》曰∶
“长则气治。”李月池曰∶“心脉长者，神强气壮。肾脉长者，蒂固根深。”皆言平脉也。如上文主病云云，皆
言病脉也。旧说过于本位名为长脉，久久审度，而知其必不然也。寸而上过则为溢脉，寸而下过即为
关脉；关而上过即属寸脉，关而下过即属尺脉；尺而上过即属关脉，尺而下过即为覆脉。由是察之，然
则过于本位，理之所必无，而义之所不合也。惟其状如长竿，则直上直下，首尾相应，非若他脉之
上下参差，首尾不匀者也。凡实、牢、弦、紧四脉皆兼长脉，故古人称长主有余之疾，非无本之说也。
【体象】长脉的特征是脉动悠长，首尾端正，脉势直上直下，如同触摸一根长长的竹竿。
首尾长度相当，脉搏往来形态端正笔直。
【主病】长脉主要主实证（有余），即气机逆乱、火邪炽盛。
左寸部出现长脉，是心之君火为病。
左关部出现长脉，是肝木过实带来的祸患。
左尺部出现长脉，是奔豚病（气从少腹上冲心胸）发作竞进的表现。
右寸部出现长脉，多主胸中满闷、气逆之证。
右关部出现长脉，是脾土郁滞导致的胀闷感。
右尺部出现长脉，是相火独旺而致寒冷（注：此处原文“专冷”可能有误或指真寒假热/格阳等复杂病机，但依字面译为相火主导的寒象或特定病候，通常长脉主热，此处保留原文语义逻辑，指相火异常）。
长脉与数脉（脉搏频率快）、实脉（脉来充实有力）皆相似。然而长脉对应肝脏，肝属木而生火，如上所述的各种证候，无不是东方肝木火势过旺，助长南方心火的烈焰，成为中焦脾胃的仇敌，因此急需平抑肝木。
按《素问·平人气象论》记载：“肝脉来时软弱招摇，如高举长竿末梢般柔和，称为肝平（正常肝脉）。肝脉来时充盈坚实且滑利，如触摸长竿般坚硬，称为肝病。”由此可知，长脉若兼和缓之象，即符合春季生发之气，是健康旺盛的征象；长脉若兼硬满之象，即属于火气亢盛之形，是疾病的反应。长脉在季节对应春季，在八卦对应震卦，在人体对应肝脏。肝主管春季生发的政令，天地之气至此而舒展发散。《素问·脉要精微论》说：“长则气治（气机调畅）。”李月池说：“心脉长者，神强气壮。肾脉长者，蒂固根深。”这些说的都是平脉（正常脉象）。至于上文所说的主病内容，说的都是病脉（异常脉象）。旧说认为超过本部位才叫长脉，经过长久仔细审度，知道这必定是不对的。寸部向上超过则为溢脉，寸部向下超过即为关脉；关部向上超过即属寸脉，关部向下超过即属尺脉；尺部向上超过即属关脉，尺部向下超过即为覆脉。由此考察，所谓“超过本位”，在道理上是必然不存在的，在义理上也是不合的。只有其形状像长竿一样，直上直下，首尾相应，不像其他脉象那样上下参差、首尾不均匀。凡是实脉、牢脉、弦脉、紧脉四种脉象都兼有长脉的特点，所以古人称长脉主有余之疾，并非没有根据的说法。
[Body Image] The characteristic of the Long Pulse (Chang Mai) is that it extends far, with both beginning and end distinct, rising and falling straightly, like tracing a long bamboo pole.
The beginning and end are proportionate, and the pulse movement is upright and straight.
[Main Diseases] The Long Pulse primarily indicates excess conditions, such as rebellious Qi and flourishing Fire.
When the Long Pulse appears at the Left Cun position, it indicates disease of the Ministerial Fire (Jun Huo) of the Heart.
When the Long Pulse appears at the Left Guan position, it signifies disaster caused by excessive Liver Wood.
When the Long Pulse appears at the Left Chi position, it indicates the onset of Ben Tun (Rushing Pig, a condition where Qi rushes from the lower abdomen upwards).
When the Long Pulse appears at the Right Cun position, it definitively indicates fullness and rebellion.
When the Long Pulse appears at the Right Guan position, it indicates distension and oppression due to Spleen Earth stagnation.
When the Long Pulse appears at the Right Chi position, it indicates exclusive dominance of Ministerial Fire leading to cold (Note: Textual ambiguity retained as per source).
The Long Pulse is similar to the Rapid Pulse (Shu Mai, fast rate) and the Full Pulse (Shi Mai, forceful and solid). However, the Long Pulse corresponds to the Liver; the Liver belongs to Wood and generates Fire. All the aforementioned syndromes are essentially due to the excessive blazing of Eastern Wood, assisting the flames of Southern Fire, thereby becoming an enemy to the Central Earth (Spleen/Stomach). Therefore, it is urgent to soothe the Liver.
According to *Su Wen: Ping Ren Qi Xiang Lun* (Plain Questions: On the Manifestations of Normal People): "When the Liver pulse comes soft and swaying, like the tip of a long pole held high, it is called Liver Peace (normal). When the Liver pulse comes full, solid, and slippery, like tracing a long pole, it is called Liver Disease." Thus, we know that if the Long Pulse is harmonious and relaxed, it aligns with the Qi of Spring generation and is a sign of robust health. If the Long Pulse is hard and full, it belongs to the form of hyperactive Fire and is a response to disease. In terms of seasons, the Long Pulse corresponds to Spring; in the Eight Trigrams, it corresponds to Zhen (Thunder); in the human body, it corresponds to the Liver. The Liver governs the command of Spring generation, when the Qi of Heaven and Earth begins to expand and diffuse. *Su Wen: Mai Yao Jing Wei Lun* (Plain Questions: Essential Secrets of Pulse Investigation) states: "Long means Qi is regulated." Li Yuechi said: "For the Heart pulse, being long indicates strong spirit and robust Qi. For the Kidney pulse, being long indicates a deep root and firm foundation." These all refer to normal pulses (Ping Mai). As mentioned above regarding main diseases, those refer to pathological pulses (Bing Mai). Old theories stated that exceeding the original position defines the Long Pulse; after careful examination over time, this is known to be incorrect. If the Cun position exceeds upwards, it becomes Yi Mai (Overflowing Pulse); if it exceeds downwards, it becomes Guan Mai (Bar Position Pulse); if the Guan position exceeds upwards, it belongs to the Cun position; if it exceeds downwards, it belongs to the Chi position; if the Chi position exceeds upwards, it belongs to the Guan position; if it exceeds downwards, it becomes Fu Mai (Inverted Pulse). From this observation, the notion of "exceeding the original position" is logically impossible and conceptually inconsistent. Only its shape resembles a long pole, rising and falling straightly, with beginning and end responding to each other, unlike other pulses which are uneven up and down and inconsistent at beginning and end. The Solid (Shi), Deep-Firm (Lao), Wiry (Xian), and Tight (Jin) pulses all incorporate the Long Pulse; therefore, the ancient saying that the Long Pulse governs excess diseases is not without basis.