主治浊唾肿脓也，旁治咽喉痛。
考 证
排脓汤，证阙。
桔梗白散证曰∶出浊唾腥臭、久久吐脓。
桔梗汤证曰∶出浊唾腥臭、久久吐脓。
排脓散，证阙。
以上四方，其用桔梗者，或三两、或一两、或三分、或二分。
上四方者，皆仲景之方也，而排脓汤，以桔梗为君药也，不载其证。今乃历观其用桔梗
诸方，或肺痈、或浊唾腥臭、或吐脓也。而以桔梗为君药者，名为排脓，则其排脓也明矣。
互 考
排脓汤之证虽阙，而桔梗汤观之，则其主治明矣。桔梗汤证曰∶出浊唾腥臭，久久吐脓。
仲景曰∶咽痛者，可与甘草汤，不差者，与桔梗汤也；是乃甘草者，缓其毒之急迫也。而浊
唾吐脓，非甘草之所主，故其不差者，乃加桔梗也。由是观之，肿痛急迫，则桔梗汤；浊唾
吐脓多，则排脓汤。
辨 误
排脓汤及散，载在《金匮》肠痈部。桔梗汤及白散，亦有肺痈之言。盖肠痈肺痈之论，
自古而纷如也。无有明辨，欲极之而不能也。人之体中，不可见也。故谓无肺痈肠痈者妄也，
谓有肺痈肠痈者亦妄也。凡吐下臭脓者，其病在胸也，而为肺痈。其病在腹也，而为肠痈，
其亦可也。治之之法，不为名所拘，而随其证，是为仲景也。
品 考
桔梗 处处出焉。药铺所鬻者，淅而白洁，脱其气味也，不可不择焉。唯去其土泥，而
不杀
主治浊唾（浑浊的唾液/痰液）和肿脓（肿胀化脓），兼治咽喉疼痛。
考证
排脓汤，其适应证缺失。
桔梗白散的适应证描述为：排出浑浊且腥臭的唾液，长时间后吐出脓液。
桔梗汤的适应证描述为：排出浑浊且腥臭的唾液，长时间后吐出脓液。
排脓散，其适应证缺失。
以上四方中，使用桔梗的剂量，有的三两，有的一两，有的三分，有的二分。
上述四方，都是张仲景的方剂，其中排脓汤以桔梗为君药（主药），但未记载其适应证。如今遍观所有使用桔梗的方剂，或是治疗肺痈（肺部化脓性病变），或是治疗浊唾腥臭，或是治疗吐脓。既然以桔梗为君药的方剂名为“排脓”，那么它的作用是排脓这一点是明确的。
互考
虽然排脓汤的适应证缺失，但通过观察桔梗汤，其主治功能就明确了。桔梗汤的适应证描述为：排出浑浊且腥臭的唾液，长时间后吐出脓液。
张仲景说：咽喉疼痛者，可给予甘草汤；若无效，则给予桔梗汤；这是因为甘草的作用是缓解毒性的急迫。而浊唾吐脓，并非甘草所主治的症状，所以无效时，才加入桔梗。由此看来，肿痛急迫时，用桔梗汤；浊唾吐脓多时，用排脓汤。
辨误
排脓汤及排脓散，记载在《金匮要略》的肠痈（肠道化脓性病变）篇中。桔梗汤及桔梗白散，也有提及肺痈。大概关于肠痈和肺痈的论述，自古以来就纷乱繁杂。没有明确的辨析，想要探究到极致也是不可能的。人体的内部结构，是不可见的。所以说没有肺痈和肠痈是错误的，说有肺痈和肠痈也是错误的。凡是吐出带有臭味的脓液，病位在胸部，就可以称为肺痈；病位在腹部，就可以称为肠痈，这也是可以的。治疗的方法，不被名称所拘束，而是随着证候变化，这才是张仲景的宗旨。
品考
桔梗到处都有出产。药店出售的桔梗，经过水洗后洁白，但气味已丧失，不得不仔细挑选。只要去除泥土即可，而不必……（原文此处截断）
Indicated for turbid saliva (turbid sputum) and swelling with pus, and incidentally for sore throat.
Textual Research
The indications for Painong Tang (Drain Pus Decoction) are missing.
The indication for Jiegeng Baisan (Platycodon and Arisaema Powder) states: discharge of turbid, foul-smelling saliva, and expectoration of pus after a long period.
The indication for Jiegeng Tang (Platycodon Decoction) states: discharge of turbid, foul-smelling saliva, and expectoration of pus after a long period.
The indications for Painong San (Drain Pus Powder) are missing.
In the above four formulas, the dosage of Jie Geng (Platycodon Root) varies: some use three qian, some one qian, some three fen, and some two fen.
All four formulas above are from Zhang Zhongjing. In Paiong Tang, Jie Geng is the Jun herb (principal ingredient), but its specific indication is not recorded. By examining all formulas containing Jie Geng, we find they treat either Fei Yong (Lung Abscess), or turbid foul-smelling saliva, or expectoration of pus. Since the formula named "Painong" (Drain Pus) uses Jie Geng as the principal ingredient, its function of draining pus is clear.
Cross-Reference
Although the indication for Painong Tang is missing, it becomes clear by observing Jie Geng Tang. The indication for Jie Geng Tang states: discharge of turbid, foul-smelling saliva, and expectoration of pus after a long period.
Zhang Zhongjing stated: For sore throat, Gan Cao Tang (Licorice Decoction) may be given; if ineffective, Jie Geng Tang is given. This is because Gan Cao (Licorice Root) acts to relieve the urgency of toxicity. However, turbid saliva and pus expectoration are not primarily treated by Gan Cao; therefore, when ineffective, Jie Geng is added. From this perspective, for urgent pain and swelling, Jie Geng Tang is used; for abundant turbid saliva and pus expectoration, Painong Tang is used.
Correction of Errors
Painong Tang and Painong San are recorded in the Intestinal Abscess section of *Jingui Yaolue* (Essential Prescriptions from the Golden Cabinet). Jie Geng Tang and Jie Geng Baisan also mention Lung Abscess. Discussions on Intestinal Abscess and Lung Abscess have been chaotic since ancient times. Without clear differentiation, reaching an ultimate conclusion is impossible. The internal structures of the human body are invisible. Thus, denying the existence of Lung and Intestinal Abscesses is erroneous, just as affirming them without distinction is also erroneous. Generally, expectoration of foul pus indicates the disease is in the chest, which can be termed Lung Abscess; if the disease is in the abdomen, it can be termed Intestinal Abscess. This is acceptable. The method of treatment should not be constrained by names but should follow the syndrome pattern; this is the approach of Zhang Zhongjing.
Quality Examination
Jie Geng grows everywhere. The Jie Geng sold in pharmacies is washed until white and clean, but its medicinal aroma is lost; thus, careful selection is necessary. One need only remove the soil and mud, and no further processing... (text cuts off)