血家最忌感冒。以阴血受伤。不可发汗故也。然血家又易感冒。以人身卫外之气。生于太阳膀胱。而散布
于肺。血家肺阴不足。壮火食气。不能散达于外。故卫气虚索。易召外邪。偶有感冒。即为头痛寒热身痛等
证。若照常人治法。而用麻桂羌独。愈伤肺津。肺气益束而不能达。不惟涸血分之阴。愈以助气分之邪矣。
治惟和解一法。为能补正祛邪。宜先生其津。使津足而火不食气。则肺气能达于皮毛。而卫气充矣。次宜
疏理其气。使血分和。则不留邪为患。而外邪自解矣。宜小柴胡汤。加杏仁荆芥防风紫苏主之。口渴加花
粉。去半夏。身痛加粉葛根。内动痰火者。再加茯苓旋复花。内动寒水者。另用苏子降气汤治之。
外感风寒。客于肺中。外证已退。久咳不愈者。失血家往往有之。宜千金麦门冬汤。其麻黄捣茸。蜜炙。变峻
为缓。以搜陈寒。寒客肺中。久则变而为热。故用此方。或小柴胡加苏子薄荷细辛。亦与麦门冬汤仿佛。
感冒甚重。传变为热者。宜照伤寒法治之。清热攻里。可以任量。惟失血家。不得轻用吐法。戒之。
失血之人。有状似感冒。而实非感冒者。由于肺痿气虚。时时洒淅恶寒。鼻塞流清涕。乃金被火克。内壅外
闭。卫气不布之故。只宜清养肺金。毋得妄用发散。以张火焰也。太平丸补散兼行以治之。千金麦门冬汤。
小柴胡汤皆宜。小柴胡汤通上焦之津液。以调和荣卫。尤平稳而神奇。
失血体质的人最忌讳感冒。因为阴血已经受损，所以不可使用发汗法治疗。然而，失血体质的人又容易感冒，这是因为人体护卫体表的卫气，产生于足太阳膀胱经，并散布于肺脏。失血之人肺阴不足，体内壮火消耗正气，导致卫气不能宣散达于体表，因此卫气虚弱，容易招致外邪侵袭。一旦偶尔感冒，就会出现头痛、恶寒发热、身体疼痛等症状。如果按照常人的治法，使用麻黄、桂枝、羌活、独活等辛温发散药物，会进一步损伤肺津，使肺气更加郁闭而不能宣发，这不仅会枯竭血分的阴液，反而会助长气分中的邪气。治疗只宜采用和解的方法，才能扶助正气、祛除邪气。应当先生成津液，使津液充足而壮火不再消耗正气，那么肺气就能通达皮毛，卫气也就充盛了。其次应当疏理气机，使血分调和，这样就不会留邪为患，外邪自然解除。适宜用小柴胡汤，加杏仁、荆芥、防风、紫苏来主治。口渴者加天花粉，去掉半夏；身体疼痛者加葛根；若内动痰火者，再加茯苓、旋覆花；若内动寒水者，另用苏子降气汤治疗。
风寒外感，客居于肺中，表证已经消退，但久咳不愈的，失血患者往往会有这种情况。适宜用千金麦门冬汤。其中的麻黄要捣成茸状，用蜜炙制，变峻烈为缓和，以搜剔陈久的寒邪。寒邪客居肺中，时间久了会转化为热，所以使用此方。或者用小柴胡汤加紫苏、薄荷、细辛，其功效也与麦门冬汤相似。
感冒非常严重，传变化为热证的，应该按照伤寒法治则进行治疗。清热攻里可以根据具体情况酌情使用。只是对于失血患者，不得轻易使用吐法，务必戒除这一点。
失血的人，有的症状看似感冒，但实际上并非感冒。这是由于肺痿气虚，时时感到洒淅恶寒，鼻塞流清涕，这是金（肺）被火（热）克制，内部壅塞外部闭塞，卫气不能布散的缘故。只适宜清养肺金，不要妄用发散药物，以免助长火势。太平丸补益与发散兼施以治疗此症。千金麦门冬汤、小柴胡汤也都适宜。小柴胡汤能通调上焦的津液，以调和营卫，尤为平稳且神奇。
Patients with a history of blood disorders are most susceptible to colds. This is because their Yin blood is already damaged, and thus diaphoresis (inducing sweating) should not be used. However, these patients are also prone to catching colds. The Wei Qi (Defensive Qi), which protects the exterior of the body, originates from the Taiyang Bladder channel and disperses into the Lung. In patients with blood disorders, there is a deficiency of Lung Yin. Vigorous Fire consumes Qi, preventing it from dispersing to the exterior, resulting in deficient Wei Qi that easily invites external pathogens. Even a mild cold can manifest as symptoms such as headache, aversion to cold, fever, and body pain. If treated according to standard methods for healthy individuals using acrid-warm diaphoretics like Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang), Cinnamon Twig (Guizhi), Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo), and Saussureae Radix (Duhuo), the Lung fluids will be further injured. The Lung Qi will become more constrained and unable to diffuse outward. This not only depletes the Yin of the Blood aspect but also exacerbates the pathogenic factors in the Qi aspect. The treatment should solely employ the Harmonizing method to tonify the healthy Qi and expel pathogens. First, generate fluids so that sufficient fluids prevent Fire from consuming Qi; then Lung Qi can reach the skin and hair, and Wei Qi will become robust. Second, regulate the Qi mechanism to harmonize the Blood aspect, ensuring no pathogens remain to cause harm, allowing external pathogens to resolve spontaneously. Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) added with Apricot Seed (Xingren), Schizonepetae Spica (Jingjie), Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng), and Perillae Folium (Zisu) is indicated. For thirst, add Trichosanthis Radix (Huafen) and remove Pinelliae Rhizoma (Banxia). For body pain, add Puerariae Radix (Gegen). If internal Phlegm-Fire is stirred, add Poria (Fuling) and Inulae Flos (Xuanjinhua). If internal Cold-Water is stirred, treat separately with Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang (Perilla Fruit Descending Qi Decoction).
When Wind-Cold invades externally and lodges in the Lung, and after external symptoms have subsided, chronic cough persists without resolution. This is often seen in patients with hemoptysis or other bleeding disorders. Qian Jin Mai Men Dong Tang (Thousand Golden Ophiopogon Decoction) is indicated. The Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang) should be pounded into a pulp and honey-fried to change its harsh nature to a mild one, thereby searching out old Cold lodged in the Lung. Cold lodging in the Lung, if prolonged, transforms into Heat; hence this formula is used. Alternatively, Xiao Chai Hu Tang added with Perillae Fructus (Suzi), Menthae Haplocalycis Herba (Bohe), and Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin) yields similar effects to Mai Men Dong Tang.
If the cold is severe and transmits into Heat, treat according to the principles of Shanghan (Cold Damage) medicine. Clearing Heat and purging the interior may be employed according to the severity. However, for patients with blood disorders, emesis (vomiting therapy) must never be used lightly. Take heed.
Some patients with blood disorders present with symptoms resembling a cold, but are actually suffering from something else. This arises from Lung萎 (Lung Flaccidity) and Qi deficiency, causing periodic chills (sa-xi aversion to cold), nasal congestion, and clear rhinorrhea. This is due to Metal (Lung) being overcome by Fire, leading to internal stagnation and external closure, preventing the distribution of Wei Qi. Treatment should focus on clearing and nourishing Lung Metal. Do not recklessly use diaphoretic herbs, as this would stoke the flames. Tai Ping Wan (Peaceful Pill), which combines tonification and dispersion, is suitable. Qian Jin Mai Men Dong Tang and Xiao Chai Hu Tang are also appropriate. Xiao Chai Hu Tang unblocks the fluids of the Upper Jiao to harmonize Ying (Nutritive) and Wei (Defensive) aspects, proving particularly gentle yet effective.